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To apply Competency Standard 1, which focuses on understanding and responding to the patient's individual cultural and social needs (Migrant and refugee women's health partnership, 2024). To apply this to my own nursing practice, I will seek out information on my patient's cultural backgrounds to further my understanding of their needs. This may involve engaging in cultural competency training and staying informed about the social and health-related concerns related to the migrant and refugee population. In practice, I will adjust my care approaches when needed to align with the cultural values and preferences of each patient. By incorporating this knowledge into my role as a nurse, I can ensure that my care is respectful and a more supportive experience.

MIGRANT AND REFUGEE WOMEN’S HEALTH PARTNERSHIP. (2024). Redirecting. Murdoch.edu.au. https://moodleprod.murdoch.edu.au/pluginfile.php/4119639/mod_resource/content/3/Culturally-responsive-clinical-practice-Working-with-people-from-migrant-and-refugee-backgrounds-Jan2019.pdf

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In Sudan, Islam is the predominant religion, with over 90% of the population identifying as Muslim (U.S. Department of State, 2023). There are small Christian and Indigenous minority communities as well (U.S. Department of State, 2023).

U.S Depratment of State. (2023, May 15). Sudan - United States Department of State. United States Department of State. https://www.state.gov/reports/2022-report-on-international-religious-freedom/sudan/#:~:text=2020%20Pew%20Research%20Center%20data

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Mental health struggles faced by Sudanese refugees

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Mental health struggles faced by Sudanese refugees

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Sudanese refugees often struggle with a lot of mental health challenges. Some of the common mental health challenges include PTSD, anxiety, and depression (Gundel, 2016). Sudanese refugees usually suffer from mental health challenges due to traumatic experiences such as war, violence and displacement (Loza & Hasan, 2007). The stress of settling into a new country and having to adapt to a new culture with different values, views and expectations can also cause issues around mental health (Gundel, 2016). Access to mental health resources and support remains very limited for many Sudanese (Gundel, 2016).

Gundel, B. E. (2016). Sudanese refugees’ psychological need and mental health care: A phenomenological study of Sudanese beliefs about psychological treatment. DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/dissertations/AAI10143332/

Loza, N., & Hasan, N. (2007). Sudanese refugees: sufferings and suggested management. International Psychiatry : Bulletin of the Board of International Affairs of the Royal College of Psychiatrists, 4(1), 5–7. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6734755/

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Traditional Sudanese music is dynamic and different. It uses a wide range of different instruments, such as the "oud"(type of lute) and "tambour" (a drum) (Embassy of Sudan, 2024). The music incorporates various styles specific to different Sudan regions, reflecting Sudan's rich culture. (Embassy of Sudan, 2024). Sudan's traditions and heritage are preserved through music, storytelling and dance. Sudanese also use music and dance as means of cultural expression and as a way to hold on to their Sudanese identity and heritage and at the same time celebrate it (Embassy of Sudan, 2024).

Embassy of Sudan. (2024). Sudanese Music. Embassy of the Republic of the Sudan | the Hague, the Netherlands. https://www.sudanembassy.nl/sudanese-music/

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Traditional Sudanese Music | Filmed by Matthieu Waleed Kairouz

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Treatment for Sudanese refugees struggling with mental health

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Treatment for Sudanese refugees struggling with mental health

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Trauma-informed/ multicultural psychotherapy is an excellent treatment for Sudanese refugees who are struggling with mental health struggles (Tomasi et al., 2022). Multicultural Psychotherapy focuses on working on the individual culture and how that may affect the refugee's personal experiences, outlook on life, behaviours, thought patterns, and values, Which helps the therapist to be able to adopt an appropriate therapeutic approach more uniquely catered to the individual needs (Tomasi et al., 2022). Ziyachi and Castellani (2024) state that trauma-informed psychotherapy offers a new and improved mental health care model that recognises the complexities and different impacts of trauma through a biopsychosocial view. Trauma-informed psychotherapy is considered more flexible and client-centred (Ziyachi & Castellani, 2024). This form of psychotherapy provides a much more unique experience specifically tailored to the individual's needs (Ziyachi & Castellani, 2024). This would be helpful for Sudanese refugees as it provides a therapeutic approach that addresses their unique experiences and trauma (Ziyachi & Castellani, 2024).

Tomasi, A.-M., Slewa-Younan, S., Narchal, R., & Rioseco, P. (2022, July). Understanding the mental health and help-seeking behaviours of refugees. Aifs.gov.au. https://aifs.gov.au/resources/short-articles/understanding-mental-health-and-help-seeking-behaviours-refugees

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In Sudanese culture, traditional medicine plays a crucial role. According to Kuhnert and Karar (2017), traditional medicine involves using various indigenous plants, each with its own therapeutic and medicinal properties. Herbs such as Acacia nilotica and Senna alexandrina are commonly used for treating digestive issues, infections, and other illnesses (Kuhnert & Karar, 2017). This knowledge of traditional plant medicine is carried on through generations and is especially important in rural and remote areas where Western medicine and healthcare resources are limited or unavailable (Kuhnert & Karar, 2017). (Kuhnert & Karar, 2017)

Kuhnert, N., & Karar, M. E. (2017). Herbal drugs from Sudan: Traditional uses and phytoconstituents. Pharmacognosy Reviews, 11(22), 83. https://doi.org/10.4103/phrev.phrev_15_15

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Sudanese food features diverse flavours with staples like sorghum, lentils, and meat. Popular dishes include "kisra," a sourdough flatbread, and "ful medames," spiced fava beans (Republic of Sudan Embassy, London, n.d.).

Visit Sudan (Travel & Tourism) : Republic of Sudan Embassy,London. (n.d.). Www.sudanembassy.org.uk. https://www.sudanembassy.org.uk/sudanese-food/

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Taste of South Sudan - A South Sudan food recipes, traditions, culture, beauty and mentorship.

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Ful Medames Sudanese Fava Beans - Taste of South Sudan

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Ful Medames Sudanese Fava Beans Ful medames Sudanese fava beans is an all time breakfast dish of Sudan, South Sudan, Egypt and many Mediterranean countries. Sudanese call it Sahan ful (a plate of beans) or ful masri(Egyptian beans). It is a vegetarian protein rich dish garnished with fresh onions, tomatoes, rocket leaves, feta cheese, boiled

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Social inclusion and non-discrimination are essential determinants of health for Sudanese refugees arriving in Australia. These factors significantly influence their mental and physical health(WHO, 2024). Social inclusion is essential as they will be more integrated into the community and have sufficient access to healthcare, education, and employment(WHO, 2024). This inclusivity helps reduce mental health issues such as anxiety and depression, which are often worsened by isolation and discrimination(WHO, 2024).

Non-discrimination ensures that refugees receive fair treatment in all situations, which is crucial for their physical and mental health(WHO, 2024). Access to healthcare without bias helps intervene early and better manage existing health conditions(WHO, 2024). Social inclusion promotes a supportive environment that helps build community and personal resilience(WHO, 2024). Social inclusion and non-discrimination contribute to improved health outcomes and a better quality of life for Sudanese refugees in Australia(WHO, 2024).

WHO. (2024). Social determinants of health. World Health Organization. https://www.who.int/health-topics/social-determinants-of-health#tab=tab_1