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10. 2020 – George Floyd’s Death and Calls for Reform

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10. 2020 – George Floyd’s Death and Calls for Reform

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George Floyd was killed by a Minneapolis officer, leading to worldwide protests. Calls for police reform and defunding swept across the U.S.

Importance: Reignited scrutiny of policing practices, leading to reforms in cities nationwide and a broader discussion on justice and equity in policing.

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9. 2014 – Ferguson and Rise of Black Lives Matter

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9. 2014 – Ferguson and Rise of Black Lives Matter

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After the police shooting of Michael Brown in Ferguson, Missouri, protests erupted, and the Black Lives Matter movement gained national momentum.

Importance: Sparked a renewed national conversation on police accountability, use of force, and systemic racism in law enforcement.

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8. 1994 – Crime Bill and Community Policing

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8. 1994 – Crime Bill and Community Policing

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The Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act increased funding for police and introduced community policing models.

Importance: This was the largest crime bill in U.S. history and marked a national emphasis on policing strategies like "broken windows" and neighborhood engagement.

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The result was mass incarceration and aggressive policing tactics, especially in minority communities, due to a shift in federal policing priorities.

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6. 1960s – Civil Rights Movement and Policing

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6. 1960s – Civil Rights Movement and Policing

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During the Civil Rights era, police were often seen suppressing protests with violence, including events like Selma’s Bloody Sunday (1965).

Importance: Exposed racial bias in policing to the public eye and highlighted the need for reforms in law enforcement practices.

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President Hoover's commission investigated police practices and corruption, recommending reforms for professionalism.

Importance: Helped shift policing toward education, training, and professionalism, moving away from political influence and brutality.

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4. 1870s – Southern Slave Patrols Transition into Police Forces

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4. 1870s – Southern Slave Patrols Transition into Police Forces

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Post-Civil War, many former slave patrols in the South were integrated into police forces, especially to control Black populations.

Importance: Shows the racially discriminatory roots of many policing systems and explains ongoing distrust between law enforcement and communities of color.

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3. 1854 – Philadelphia Police Department Forms

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3. 1854 – Philadelphia Police Department Forms

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Following Boston and New York, Philadelphia created its own police department to manage growing urban crime and disorder.

Importance: Signaled a trend where U.S. cities began adopting professional police forces to deal with crime in a more structured way.

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2. 1838 – Establishment of Boston Police Department
Boston created the first official, paid, professional police force in the United States. Officers worked full-time and were publicly funded.
Importance: This was the beginning of modern policing in America. It shifted the focus from volunteer night watchmen to organized, paid law enforcement.

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2. 1838 – Establishment of Boston Police Department
Boston created the first official, paid, professional police force in the United States. Officers worked full-time and were publicly funded.
Importance: This was the beginning of modern policing in America. It shifted the focus from volunteer night watchmen to organized, paid law enforcement.

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1. 1636 – Formation of Night Watch in Boston In Boston, the first organized night watch was established with public funding. Night patrols were conducted by volunteers to watch for fires and suspicious activity.
This was the first organized police force in the U.S. and laid the foundation for modern urban police efforts.

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1. 1636 – Formation of Night Watch in Boston In Boston, the first organized night watch was established with public funding. Night patrols were conducted by volunteers to watch for fires and suspicious activity.
This was the first organized police force in the U.S. and laid the foundation for modern urban police efforts.