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1846 : Robert uses ether as anaesthetic 

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1846 : Robert uses ether as anaesthetic 

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The first operation in England using ether took place at University College Hospital, in London on 21 December 1846. The surgeon was Robert Liston, who was known as 'the fastest knife in England'.

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1847: James Simpson discovers chloroform as anaesthetic 

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1847: James Simpson discovers chloroform as anaesthetic 

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It is widely accepted that Sir James Young Simpson discovered the anaesthetic properties of chloroform and pioneered its application in surgery and midwifery.

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It  established the General Board of Health, which was responsible for advising on public health matters such as epidemics and disease prevention.

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1854: Cholero epidemic John Snow and the Broad street pump 

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1854: Cholero epidemic John Snow and the Broad street pump 

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Event in Central London during July and August 1858 where the hot weather worsened the smell of untreated human waste

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1859: Florence Nightingale publishes Notes on hospitals and notes on nursing 

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1859: Florence Nightingale publishes Notes on hospitals and notes on nursing 

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1875: Public Health and Artisans Dwellings Act

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1875: Public Health and Artisans Dwellings Act

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1876: Medical act allows women to study medicine and qualify as doctors

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1876: Medical act allows women to study medicine and qualify as doctors

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1878: Pastuer publishes 'Germ Theory and its applications to medicine'

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1878: Pastuer publishes 'Germ Theory and its applications to medicine'

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1882: Koch identifies microorganism causing tuberculosis

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1882: Koch identifies microorganism causing tuberculosis

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1883: Koch identifies microorganism causing cholera

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1883: Koch identifies microorganism causing cholera

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Had studied the properties of this new type of radiation able to go through screens of big thickness

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Landsteiner recognised three different blood types: A, B, and C. His student later found a fourth: AB

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1901: Landsteiner identifies different blood groups

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1901: Landsteiner identifies different blood groups

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Used to treat syphilis and trypanosomiasis until penicillin was introduced

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She found that ionizing radiation could be the perfect weapon in the fight against cancer.

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1910: Marie Curie develops use of radiotherapy in cancer treatment

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1910: Marie Curie develops use of radiotherapy in cancer treatment

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1917: Gillies set up a plastic surgery unit at the Queen's Hospital in Sidcup, Kent 

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1917: Gillies set up a plastic surgery unit at the Queen's Hospital in Sidcup, Kent 

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1914-18: First World War: developments in X-ray, military hospitals, blood transfusions, brain surgery and plastic surgery. 

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1914-18: First World War: developments in X-ray, military hospitals, blood transfusions, brain surgery and plastic surgery. 

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1919: Ministry of Health established Isolation Hospitals created for tuberculosis patients

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1919: Ministry of Health established Isolation Hospitals created for tuberculosis patients

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The discovery of penicillin in 1928 by Sir Alexander Fleming (1881-1955) marked the beginning of the antibiotic revolution.

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1939: Florey and Chain begin to work on penicillin

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1939: Florey and Chain begin to work on penicillin

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Ernst Boris Chain, Howard Florey, and their colleagues succeeded in systematically producing a pure form of penicillin at the beginning of the 1940s and in investigating its properties in more detail. Additional efforts led to a pharmaceutical that could be produced in larger quantities.

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1939-45: World War II develops brain surgery, blood transfusions, brain and heart surgery

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1939-45: World War II develops brain surgery, blood transfusions, brain and heart surgery

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Surgery techniques such as removing dead tissue resulted in fewer amputations than at any time. Penicillin or streptomycin were administered for the first time in combat.

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A government report, published in November 1942, influential in the founding of the welfare state in the United Kingdom.

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Came into effect on 5 July 1948 and created the National Health Service in England and Wales

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The first implementation of the Beveridge model.