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Intertextuality
How valid is the notion of a "classic" literary text? What makes Persepolis "literary" even though it is a graphic novel?
Although Persepolis is a graphic novel, Satrapi still makes use of various authorial choices throughout the novel, as well as the use of graphic novel techniques such as line weight, positive and negative space, and more to convey her messages and global issues.

Time and Space
What insight did Persepolis give you into Iranian life during and after the revolution?
Persepolis gave us insight of how difficult it was for Iranians during and after the revolution as they continued to struggle for their rights of freedom and the ability to have their own choices and opinions, as well as grieving with the loss of multiple family members and friends due to violence within the revolution.

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Readers, Writers, Texts
How are we affected by Delbo's memoir and her imperative for us to "Try to look. Try to see"? How were you affected by Days and Memory?
Days and Memory will affect the readers as she uses multiple authorial choices as a way for readers to empathize with those that have lost their lives or lost someone else during WWII. The purpose of having us try to look and see is that she wants people to try to empathize with a really difficult event because she does not want the event and the people to go forgotten.

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Time and Space

1. How does Chronicle offer insight into Columbian culture? Consider what we've learned about with machismo, marianismo, honor and the impact of colonialism.

This offers insight into the religious influences within Columbian culture, specifically Catholicism. The ideas of machismo and marianismo are societal expectations that have heavily influence within the society that have branched from Christianity. This is the idea the women must remain virgins, submissive, and pure, while men have to be dominant, wealthy, and in charge of the household and the woman. Honor is also a heavy influence within Columbian culture as we see it placed on higher virtues than other things that may be seen as more "morally just."

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Readers, Writers, and Texts

1. How does the structure or style of a literary text affect meaning? Consider how Morrison's stream-of-consciousness, shifting points of view, and use of analepsis and prolepsis impact the meaning of the novel.

The meaning can be changed based on how Morrison chooses to write each chapter. When giving us more insight on the characters, Morrison chooses to write using a stream of consciousness so we can truly see what each of these characters are like. Similarly, she also shifts to multiple perspectives throughout the book to give us more context about the story.

Time and Space

1. How important is cultural or historical context to the production and reception of a literary text? Consider the story of Margaret Garner, the Fugitive Slave Act, and other historical and cultural phenomena and how that has impacted the creation and reception of Beloved.

Cultural context is incredibly important to the setting of this book. This is a historical fiction book that takes place during the enslavement of African Americans in the United States. The story of Sethe is inspired by the tragic story of Margaret Garner, a woman that killed her own children so that they wouldn't have to experience slavery like she had. This cultural context is what made the book very important and why Morrison felt the need to write about these tragic histories.

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Time and Space
Choose 3 out of these 6 questions to answer and reflect on how it relates to our reading and understanding of Hughes' work.

How important is cultural or historical context to the production and reception of a literary text?

Cultural and historical context can be very important to the production and reception of a literary text as many literary texts are inspired by historical events. For example, Langston Hughes's poems are inspired by the historical treatment of black people in America and what they have gone through and it is inspired by the current culture and how he would like to make a difference.

How do we approach literary texts from different times and cultures to our own?

We can approach literary texts from different times and cultures to our own through learning about the past and how it influenced the current written texts.

To what extent do literary texts offer insight into another culture?

Literary texts can offer a lot of insight into another culture. For Langston Hughes, with his poems we can see insight into how black people were used to be treated in America and how many chose to respond such as Langston Hughes, Martin Luther King Jr., and more.

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Directions and Resources:

Ideas:

Texts:

Reflections:

Questions:

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Readers, Writers, Texts
1. Why and how do we study literature? Why do we study TTTC?

Studying literature is very important because it can offer the readers new perspectives. We study literature by analyzing each part of the text and discussing what it could mean. When we study TTTC, it allows us to get insight and sympathize with veterans and people that have served during the Vietnam war.

2. How are we affected by literary texts in various ways? How are we impacted by TTTC?
We are impacted by TTTC in both positive and negative ways. For positive, it allows us to view how it could have been for a lot of soldiers during the Vietnam war and to be able to sympathize with them. On the other hand, this can leave the reading feeling sad as TTTC can heavily impact your emotions.

3. How does the structure and style of TTTC affect its meaning?
The structure and style of TTTC affects its meaning because it is written in vignettes so we get to see insights between different stories and different characters. With this, this allows for the author to dedicate specific vignettes to individual characters which can help with the meaning by knowing more of the characters motives.

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Link to the reflections here.

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Attach the extracts you annotated (Some are on Kami) during our Harkness discussions here.

Attach the two extracts you used for your Final IO (here)

Attach any other extracts you might want to use for your real IO (here).

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Attach the panels you found most fascinating and that  you discussed during our final Harkness here

One panel that we discussed that I found most fascinating was page 197. This was the moment when Marjane was in Europe and finally stood up for herself against people that were talking badly about her and Iranians.

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Attach the 8 extracts from the Group IOs that you annotated (here).

Attach the two extracts you used for your Final IO (here)

Attach your Final IO Brainstorming PPT (here)

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Attach your one 40 lined extracts you used for your Mock IO as well as any other 40 line extracts you might want to use for your real IO in the future.

(page 292)
“I want work, Miss Lady.”
“Work?”
“Yes, ma’am. Anything.”
Lady Jones smiled. “What can you do?”
“I can’t do anything, but I would learn it for you if you have a little extra.”
“Extra?”
“Food. My ma’am, she doesn’t feel good.”
Oh, baby,” said Mrs. Jones. “Oh, baby.”
Denver looked up at her. She did not know it then, but it was the word “baby,” said softly and with such kindness, that inaugurated her life in the world as a woman. The trail she followed to get to that sweet thorny place was made up of paper scraps containing the handwritten names of others. Lady Jones gave her some rice, four eggs and some tea. Denver said she couldn’t be away from home long because of her mother’s condition. Could she do chores in the morning? Lady Jones told her that no one, not herself, not anyone she knew, could pay anybody anything for work they did themselves. “But if you all need to eat until your mother is well, all you have to do is say so.” She mentioned her church’s committee invented so nobody had to go hungry. That agitated her guest who said, “No, no,” as though asking for help from strangers was worse than hunger. Lady Jones said goodbye to her and asked her to come back anytime. “Anytime at all.”

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Attach your 40 line extract you used for you Mock IO as well as any other 40 line extracts you might want to use for your real IO in the future.

Let America be America again.
Let it be the dream it used to be.
Let it be the pioneer on the plain
Seeking a home where he himself is free.

(America never was America to me.)

Let America be the dream the dreamers dreamed—
Let it be that great strong land of love
Where never kings connive nor tyrants scheme
That any man be crushed by one above.

(It never was America to me.)

O, let my land be a land where Liberty
Is crowned with no false patriotic wreath,
But opportunity is real, and life is free,
Equality is in the air we breathe.

(There’s never been equality for me,
Nor freedom in this “homeland of the free.”)

Say, who are you that mumbles in the dark?
And who are you that draws your veil across the stars?

I am the poor white, fooled and pushed apart,
I am the Negro bearing slavery’s scars.
I am the red man driven from the land,
I am the immigrant clutching the hope I seek—
And finding only the same old stupid plan
Of dog eat dog, of mighty crush the weak.

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1. Readers, Writers, Texts

1. Why and how do we study literature?

2. How are we affected by literary texts in various ways?

3. In what ways is meaning constructed, negotiated, expressed and interpreted?

4. How does language use vary among literary forms?

5. How does the structure or style of a literary text affect meaning?

6. How do literary texts offer insights and challenges?

2. Time and Space

1. How important is cultural or historical context to the production and reception of a literary text?

2. How do we approach literary texts from different times and cultures to our own?

3. To what extent do literary texts offer insight into another culture?

4. How does the meaning and impact of a literary text change over time?

5. How do literary texts reflect, represent or form a part of cultural practices?

6. How does language represent social distinctions and identities?

3. Intertextuality

1. How do literary texts adhere to and deviate from conventions associated with literary forms?

2. How do conventions and systems of reference evolve over time?

3. In what ways can diverse literary texts share points of similarity?

4. How valid is the notion of a “classic” literary text?

5. How can literary texts offer multiple perspectives of a single issue, topic or theme?

6. In what ways can comparison and interpretation be transformative?

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Attach some 40-line extracts you have analyzed and may want to use for your IO.

Later, when he took her hand, there was no pressure in return, and later
still, when he told her he still loved her, she kept walking and didn't
answer and then after several minutes looked at her wristwatch and said
it was getting late. He walked her back to the dormitory. For a few
moments he considered asking her to his room, but instead he laughed
and told her how back in college he'd almost done something very brave.
It was after seeing Bonnie and Clyde, he said, and on this same spot he'd
almost picked her up and carried her to his room and tied her to the bed
and put his hand on her knee and just held it there all night long. It came
close, he told her—he'd almost done it. Martha shut her eyes. She crossed
her arms at her chest, as if suddenly cold, rocking slightly, then after a
time she looked at him and said she was glad he hadn't tried it. She
didn't understand how men could do those things. What things? he
asked, and Martha said, The things men do. Then he nodded. It began to
form. Oh, he said, those things. At breakfast the next morning she told
him she was sorry. She explained that there was nothing she could do
about it, and he said he understood, and then she laughed and gave him
the picture and told him not to burn this one up.

Attach your annotations for the following here:
The Things They Carried (link)
How to Tell a True War Story (link)
On the Rainy River (link)
Sweetheart of the Song Tra Bong (link)

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What were some global issues you explored in Days and Memory? Consider the Hexagonal Harkness we had and some of the global issues you came up with during that discussion.
One global issue that is prevalent throughout the text is how the collective experience of trauma and hardships influence relationships among communities.

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What were some global issues you explored in Persepolis? Consider the Harkness discussion and other ideas that came up during class discussion.
One global issue that we discussed was the effects of war and conflict on the livelihood of children. We also discussed the contrast of war experience for the upper class compared to the lower class.

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What were some global issues you explored in Chronicle? Consider honor, morality, perspective, fate, gender norms etc. The more detailed you are, the more useful this will be for your IO.
One global issue that was commonly explored throughout the text was how the cultural and societal expectations of a man affect one's view of virtue. This is developed through demonstrating the conflict between personal morality versus what society deems to be the most virtuous or highest from a moral standpoint.

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What were some global issues you explored in Beloved? Consider memory, trauma, importance of community, etc. The more detailed you are, the more useful this will be for your IO.
One global issue that I explored was how positive interactions within a close-knit community can lead to alleviation of trauma and hardships. This is because as Denver continues to be with and interact with her community, she grows more as a woman and finally finds a place as her community continues to help her.

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What were some global issues you explored in Hughes' poetry?
A global issue that I explored was the impact of perseverance on the equality of minorities. When you persevere through difficult times and continue to fight for what you believe to be right, it can have a great impact on the equality of marginalized groups, even if we still have a long way to go.

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1. Culture, Identity, and Community

1. family, class, race, ethnicity, nationality, religion, gender and sexuality, and the way these impact on individuals and societies. migration, colonialism and nationalism.

2. Beliefs, Values and Education

1.  beliefs and values nurtured in particular societies and the ways they shape individuals, communities and educational systems. They might also explore the tensions that arise when there are conflicts of beliefs and values, and ethics.

3. Politics, Power, and Justice

1.  explore aspects of rights and responsibilities, the workings and structures of governments and institutions. They might also investigate hierarchies of power, the distribution of wealth and resources, the limits of justice and the law, equality and inequality, human rights, and peace and conflict

4. Art, Creativity, and the Imagination

1.  explore aspects of aesthetic inspiration, creation, craft, and beauty. They might also focus on the shaping and challenging of perceptions through art, and the function, value and effects of art in society.

5. Science, technology and the environment

1.  explore the relationship between humans and the environment and the implications of technology and media for society. They might also consider the idea of scientific development and progress.

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Brainstorm some global issues developed from TTTC.
Some global issues of TTTC are how being in a war can change a person's perspective and how the truth is subjective according to the person who tells it.

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How does D&M connect to other works we've read? Be detailed in how it connects with global issues and thematic and stylistic ideas to other works.
D&M connects stylistically to The Things They Carried because they both separate events into specific stories that can share multiple perspectives of one event and reveal how one tragic event can affect people in multiple ways. It also thematically relates to Beloved as it explores the lives of oppressed groups and one big event that heavily impacted the group.

How does D&M connect to our world today?
D&M connects to our world today because it provides insight on how people's lives were like during the Holocaust and also helps people empathize with experiences and people that they may have not known about before.

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Attach any of your Harkness notes here.

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Attach any of your Harkness notes here.

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Attach your Google Slide and notes for your Hexagonal Harkness (here).

Attach your Google Slides for your Stream of Consciousness discussion (here).

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Reflection
How did you do during the Harkness discussions? What feedback did you receive?
- I had good commentary and analysis during my discussions, however some of the feedback that I received was that I was reading too much off of my prep form and that I was stuttering quite a bit.

Notes
Ideas discussed in Harkness I want to remember:
- How perseverance impacts the equality of marginalized groups
- How cultural context can impact how an author writes and what an author chooses to write about

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Reflection
How did you do during the Harkness discussions?
- I gave in-depth insight into each chapter that we discussed and I gave good commentary and analysis. However, I feel like I could have talked more and I think something I can improve on is trying to engage more in the discussion.

Attach your Harkness Prep Sheets Here.
"OTRR" Prep Sheet
"TTTC" Prep Sheet
"HTTATWS" Prep Sheet
"Sweetheart" Prep Sheet

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Attach any of your Jamboard Harkness notes here.

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How does P ersepolis connect to other works we've read? Be detailed in how it connects with global issues and thematic and stylistic ideas to other works.
Persepolis connects stylistically to The Things They Carried and thematically to Beloved. The Things They Carried is full of multiple small snippets of stories which all connect with each other, yet they are not entirely fluid, being gaps between stories. In Persepolis, the book is separated by multiple small snippets of stories that all connect with each other, however the breaks between the story help to break up specific themes and messages. Within Beloved, the theme and issue of freedom being taken away is relevant within the book, similar to Persepolis. It also illustrates the importance of community during oppressive times within a country.

How does Persepolis connect to our world today?
There are still many countries and places in which people do not have the freedom to be or express themselves. This connects because it gives our world today in multiple countries some insight on how people who live within these oppressive nations may feel being within the country.

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How does Chronicle connect to other works we've read? Be detailed in how it connects with global issues and thematic and stylistic ideas to other works.
Chronicle of a Death Foretold connects to similar themes found within The Things They Carried such as common motifs of honor as well as conflicts between opposing morals of personal morality and religious, cultural, and societal virtues.

How does Chronicle connect to our world today?
Chronicle of a Death Foretold connects through our world today as it reveals the intensity of cultural impacts and how that affects one's virtue, something that continues to happen today. One example being dress codes forcing people to dress "modestly" under the idea that one's body is responsible for assault, skewing the concept of consent among men and women.

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How does Beloved connect to other works we've read? Be detailed in how it connects with global issues and thematic and stylistic ideas to other works.
Beloved connects with other works that we have read through a global issue and idea of how trauma impacts communities. Throughout The Things They Carried, there is a shared traumatic experience as all soldiers have experienced the hardships and trauma of the war. Within Langston Hughes's poems, we see a shared trauma due to the racism and segregation the people at the time have faced. As for Beloved, this connects as the people within the community have all experienced similar traumas due to being trapped in slavery and the book highlights the importance of having a community to share and bond with to lessen and alleviate the trauma and hardships because of the shared experiences. As for stylistic choices, similar to the previous works, Morrison uses multiple perspectives to share one story and uses fictional stories based on nonfiction events to illustrate a global issue or argument.

How does Beloved connect to our world today?
Beloved connects to our world today as it gives us an opportunity to see new perspectives during the times of slavery and shows us how important it is to alleviate racism and discrimination that continues today.

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What connections can you make between some of Hughes' poems?
Many of Hughes's poems can connect to each other as many are written off of similar themes of hope and fighting for equality for black people in America. He also makes multiple connections to Martin Luther King Jr. whom he had a friendship with and admired for his work.

How do Hughes' poems connect to other works we've read?
Hughes's poems connect to Beloved because Beloved takes place during the times of slavery. While Hughes's poems take place after slavery in the United States, it still takes place during a time of segregation, discrimination and inequality in the U.S.

How does Hughes' poetry connect to our world today?
His poetry connects to our world today and it provides insight into how it used to be back then and it allows us to use this information to help each other in the future. This not only shows us how far we have come but also shows how we can continue to fight for equality even today.

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How does TTTC connect to other works we've read?
TTTC connects to Beloved because it shows how our perspectives and how we view situations can be shaped and influenced based on our trauma.

How does TTTC connect to our world today?
TTTC allows us to get more of an insight into what war is like and gives us the ability to sympathize and empathize with war veterans.

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One-pager (Link Here)

"Warsaw" Writing (Link Here)

Hexagonal Formation Slides (Link Here)

Final Mock IO Flipgrid (Link Here)

Final Delbo Project (After Spring Break)

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Group IO PowerPoint (Link)

Best Quick Write (Link Here)

Artistic One-Pager (Link Here) (Optional)

Final IO Flipgrid (Link Here)

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Denver or Paul D One-Pager (Link)

Stream of Consciousness One-Pager (Link)

Rough Draft Flipgrid IO (-)

Final Draft Flipgrid IO (-)

IO Outline Form (Link)

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Summer Assignment (Link)

"On the Rainy River" Paragraph (Link)

"How To Tell A True War Story" Paragraph (Link)

TTTC Pastiche (Link)

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Attach your dialectical journal here

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Linda Krumholz claims (in "The Ghosts of Slavery: Historical Recovery in Toni Morrison’s Beloved") that finding a voice for the thoughts and experiences of women is central to the "healing," historical recovery theme and structure of the book. According to Krumholz, Morrison’s novel "adapts techniques from modernist novels, such as the fragmentation of the plot and shifting narrative voice, to compel the reader to actively construct an interpretive framework" (109). How does the novel specifically address issues of gender, writing and power? How does the structure and style of the novel give voice to "the thoughts of the women of 124, unspeakable thoughts, unspoken" (Beloved 199)?

This novel specifically addresses issues of gender through multiple characters, one being Paul D. As he has been beaten and sexually assaulted multiple times both in and out of slavery, Morrison tackles toxic masculinity as it is shown how he feels like less of a man after these things have happened to him. Power and dehumanization is also tackled as we see how schoolteacher and the other slave owners treat black people as well as Sethe's dehumanization of being enslaved and getting her milk taken from her. This gives voice to the thoughts of the women during this time as it gives people a way to see their stories and view their humanity.

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Hughes Writing Portfolio Week 1 Freedom's Plow or Theme for English B (-)

Hughes Writing Portfolio Week 2 Bitter River (-)

IO Graphic Organizer (Link)

IO Hughes Practice Flipgrid Link (Link)

IO Listening and Reflection Sheet (-)

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What insights did the poetry of Langston Hughes offer about the African-American community in Harlem?
This offers insights of how strong and courageous the African-American community in Harlem was and how much they worked towards fighting for equality.

How does art reflect the community from which it comes?
Art is very heavily inspired from cultural contexts. Specific movements and styles typically take place during specific time periods with specific people. For Langston Hughes, his artwork is heavily inspired from its cultural context and it leads to a reflection of what it was like in his community during these times.

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Sketch-notes

One pager close reading commentary

Motif infographic

The Stranger work studied form

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Guided Literary Analysis 1 [Tornado]

Guided Literary Analysis 2 [The Boys Have Grown]

Pastiche

Graphic Organizer Preparing for Motif Presentation

Motif Presentation Slides & Notes

End of Unit Discussion Notes

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What motifs/themes does Dillard explore that you find interesting?

Within An American Childhood, Dillard explores the motif of the sky which reflects themes of growing up, maturity, and freedom. For example, her descriptions of a dark, empty sky reflect the idea that she has a lot to learn about herself and the world as a whole and her desires to grow up into her own freedom.

Revisit/rewrite a line of inquiry you would find interesting to explore further using one of the seven course concepts.

How does Annie Dillard utilize a motif of the sky within her memoir, An American Childhood, to reflect the desire to discover more about the greater society growing up?

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(Line of inquiry outline)

1. Question word (how)

2. Author

3. Text

4. Literary/linguistic aspect

5. Rich idea

6. Precise context

Example:

"How does Athol Fugard utilize the conventions of avant-garde theater in his drama Sizwe Bansi is Dead to convey the struggle for identity for Black South Africans during Apartheid?

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Guided Literary Analysis 1 [with reflection]

Guided Literary Analysis 2 [with reflection]

Theme Project Quotes and Analysis

Prep for Panel Discussion and/or Hot Socratic

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Which other work, so far, is most connected to 1984? On what topic or theme? What major strategies would you discuss?

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