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When to perform the diagnosis -

perform general assessments at the beginning of the semerster.

before new units of instruction

Written Methods -
Make tests- what is the level of knowledge that is necessary a the level that you are teaching?
Digital Methods -

Kahoot

Quizzizz

Socratic

Survey Monkey

Can teamwork be incorporated into this?
Because this is a diagnostic test you really don't want to spend a lot of time working on it. However children should not help each other because you need to be able to see what they can do independently. So while kids can't work together on these perhaps they could help you in the grading of them. Students can't grade advanced material.
In the digital classroom -
Use digital methods instead of written methods.

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Summative Assessments -
Summative assessment are types of course evaluations that happen at the end of a training or program to assess a student’s knowledge, proficiency, and performance by comparing what they know with what they should have learned.
Different Kinds of Summative Assessments -
Evaluation Projects
Test/Exams
Demonstration
Portfolio
Review
Final Performance
Composition

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Formative Assessments -
This kind of assessment can be performed in the middle of instruction to make sure that the instruction is catching.

"Formative assessment is like when they taste the food in the kitchen of a restaurant before sending it out. Summative assessment is when the patrons eat that food." - Confucius

Different Kinds of Formative Assessment -USE HAND SIGNALS
THUMBS UP/DOWN
ASK QUESTIONS
GESTURES
CLAP TWICE if you UNDERSTAND, CLAP ONCE if you are NOT SURE, STOMP FEET if you DONT UNDERSTAND

Resources for Digital Formative Assessment -
KAHOOTS, ONLINE SURVEYS (survey monkey) BOOKLET PADLET NEARPOD QUIZLET / ZAPTION

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"...tests designed to compare an individual to a group of their peers, usually based on national standards and occasionally adjusted for age, ethnicity or other demographics...
Types of norm-referenced assessments include:

IQ tests

Physical assessments

Standardized college admissions tests like the SAT and GRE"

https://www.prodigygame.com/main-en/blog/types-of-assessment/

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"Criterion-referenced assessments compare the score of an individual student to a learning standard and performance level, independent of other students around them." https://www.prodigygame.com/main-en/blog/types-of-assessment/"

Criterion referenced assessments tricky to differentiate from norm referenced assessments in the sense that both of them are standardized. Rather than compare the student to other students in their peer group it simply attempts to show how they stand up to a standard of skill.

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The assesses a student's ability to improve on previous work. This is obviously relevant to writing where students have to make several drafts of the same essay or in science where scientists may have to repeat or refine an experiment to prove the same results or create different results.

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This is a very basic article that outlines the many kinds of summative assessments that you can have. One interesting aspect of the article is that they discuss how you can give summative assessments to early aged children. I was interested in this because I had not considered it. They said that you can- come up with a list of developmental criteria in things like motor skills and test it out on a small child by making them perform tricks and feats of coordination for you.

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Image Credits

Student giving presentation to class

Gareth Brown / Cultura / Getty Images

Used under Getty Images license

A summative assessment takes place at the end of a unit or course of study. It assesses students' level of knowledge, skill acquisition, and/or content understanding. There are many purposes to summative assessments in instruction, but the main goal of any assessment is to provide clear communication between student and teacher.

Elements of Effective Summative Assessments

Not all summative assessments are created equal. Some types of summative assessments can tell a teacher much more than a standard test. The best practices for writing effective summative assessments include five important evaluative elements:

Authenticity: The assessment reflects a range of real-world skills that are authentic outside of a classroom context.

Reliability: The assessment provides similar results across classroom settings, groups of students, and daily conditions.

Volume: Assessment has not been too regular in the past. Students who have test fatigue will not provide accurate results on any assessment.

Validity: The assessment accurately reflects what students have been taught in the instruction period.

Variety: The assessment prompts students to exhibit skills and demonstrate knowledge in more than one way.

The value and importance of summative assessment rely on having effective evaluation tools. Rubrics are a helpful way to communicate your expectations and to assess a range of skills and content knowledge.

Standardized Testing

Designed to be reliable and to assess a variety of skills, standardized tests are one way to determine what students know at the end of an instructional period. However, these tests have fallen out of favor with instructors in recent years. They increase testing volume and fatigue, may not reflect what students have been taught, and don't always reflect real-world skills - making them poor assessment models.

Summative Assessment Examples for Early Childhood

It's important to use summative assessments at every stage of education. While young children may not be capable of taking multiple-choice tests, there are other ways to measure growth and development milestones in early childhood. Psychomotor and affective skills are important at this stage in addition to cognitive skills.

Developmental assessments are, by nature, somewhat formative, as child development is a dynamic process. However, a teacher can assess specific knowledge and skills after focusing on them in a preschool or developmental unit.

Hands-On Performance Tasks

One of the more straightforward forms of summative assessments for children is a performance task. If a teacher observes a child with a box of manipulatives, such as blocks or cotton balls, they can assess counting skills, number knowledge, fine motor skills, and pattern skills.

Group Project

Social and emotional skills are an important part of early childhood education. After a unit on friendship and sharing, a teacher may assess how well small groups work together when creating, building, or solving a problem. Another form of assessment could include conflict resolution skills or gross-motor tasks.

Observation

Because much of early child development takes place during play, teachers can observe a standard playtime as either a formative or summative assessment. By incorporating an activity into playtime, such as phoneme awareness or number recognition, teachers can observe whether students have mastered a concept from previous instruction.

Clinical Interview

Developed by educator and psychologist Jean Piaget, the clinical interview prompts young children to reflect on their own learning process. Questions may include "How did you do that?" and "How would you encourage a friend?" The interviewer can assess verbal abilities and cognitive processes in a concentrated one-on-one context after focusing on positive self-talk in the classroom.

Summative Assessment Examples for Elementary School

Elementary students start their education with basic skills that become more complex over the years. Depending on the classroom setting, summative assessments can either be straightforward tests or fun, creative projects. Here are some examples of summative assessments you might find in an elementary classroom.

Graded Tests

Though not as engaging as other options, tests at the end of a unit or instructional period are a straightforward way to assess student skills and knowledge. All subjects can incorporate multiple-choice or problem-solving tests. They should still be authentic, reliable, and valid, with a variety of testing measures that do not increase testing volume too much.

Book Reports

Elementary students love talking about their favorite books. Book reports - either as a standard essay format or more creative option - are an effective way to determine if students can apply literary analysis and reading comprehension to a book of their choice.

Science Projects

Individual or group science projects are fun for students to complete and teachers to assess. They can be based on the unit of scientific study from the classroom or on independent research - both of which incorporate important application and evaluation skills.

Multimedia Presentations

Multimedia assessments are an authentic way to assess important content, speaking, and technology skills. Elementary students are surrounded by technology in their daily lives, but may not be able to use it to communicate effectively. A strong multimedia presentation project can prepare them for middle school, high school, and beyond.

Summative Assessment Examples for Secondary School

By middle and high school, students can demonstrate their knowledge in innovative ways. Check out these examples of creative summative assessment ideas for secondary classrooms that vary in levels of complexity.

Formal Essays and Reports

Writing essays is an important part of language arts, but communicating one's ideas is a vital skill for any subject. Writing an argument essay, explaining a concept in an expository essay, or using descriptive prose in a narrative essay are examples of effective summative assessments. Research reports prompt students to use analysis and evaluation skills during the research process.

Socratic Seminars

Middle and high schools enjoy speaking their minds in Socratic seminars. They must prepare arguments, anticipate counterarguments, and use classroom norms to discuss critical points with their peers. These types of summative assessments rely on teacher observation, as the process is primarily led by students.

Final Exams

Teachers use the time-honored final exam format to assess skills and knowledge at the end of a grading period. Exams can vary in their question variety, range of skills, and complexity. They effectively inform a teacher whether their instruction was successful or not during the year.

Portfolio Projects

Although end-of-term portfolio projects require just as much work as final exams, they tend to be more popular with students. Portfolios provide students with an opportunity to reflect on their own work over the year. Strong portfolio projects incorporate a reflection writing aspect as well.

Summative vs. Formative Assessments

Formative assessments are another way to monitor student progress. Unlike summative assessments, formative assessments are informal, ongoing ways to check for understanding. Formative assessments include discussion questions, exit tickets, or reading quizzes. They do not assess a range of skills or knowledge like summative assessments do.

More Instructional Resources

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Effective Summative Assessment Examples for Classrooms

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How can you tell if your students are learning? Check out summative assessment ideas for early child development, elementary school, and secondary school.

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Examples of Ipsative Assessment -
Rewriting essays
Allow students to check over the answers to a written test, then convert that into an oral test and test them again days later
Attempting a science project a second time to test if a previous conclusion really has created new mastery of the subject

Ipsative assessment is one of the best forms of assessment to bring to your classroom because it allows for growth and encourages students to make mistakes. When performing this assessment they are able to watch themselves improve in real time and to better consider their skills. It's also predicated on making mistakes and in that sense strongly encourages growth from the students.

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This video discusses the difference between norm and criterion referenced tests when discussing norm referenced tests the narrator had a great observation which is that norm referenced tests are appropriate when you want to create a ranking system within a group of students. So, before you decide to differentiate the instruction of a group of students you should employ a norm referenced test.

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This video mentioned that a great time to do a criterion referenced test is when you are trying to assess the reading level of one or a group of students.