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Reproductive health deals with the prevention of STDs and unwanted pregnancy. Understanding the reproductive system is also a part of reproductive health awareness.

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Contraceptives are devices that prevent unwanted pregnancy and help avoid STDs.

Contraceptives can be of various types such as mechanical barriers, hormonal/chemical methods, surgical methods, etc.

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Physical barriers to reproductive health can refer to barriers to accessing reproductive health services:

Barrier methods of birth control

These methods physically block sperm from reaching the egg, and can also help protect against sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Examples include condoms, diaphragms, cervical caps, contraceptive gels, contraceptive sponges, and spermicides. Barrier methods are less effective than other birth control methods, such as the birth control implant, injection, or intrauterine device (IUD).

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Hormonal methods of birth control are a safe and relaible way. They work by affecting the levels of hormones in the body to prevent the ovaries from releasing an egg and to make it difficult for sperm to reach the egg.

Some hormonal methods include:

Pills

Contraceptive implants

Contraceptive injections

Contraceptive skin patches and vaginal rings

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Surgical methods of birth control are permanent, highly effective, and cost-effective. However, there are some regulations in place to protect women from coercive practices.

Vasectomy

A surgical procedure for male sterilization that involves removing a small part of the vas deferens, preventing sperm from entering

Tubal ligation

A surgical procedure for female sterilization that involves removing a small part of the fallopian tube, preventing eggs from entering the uterus.