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The Horizontal Type Tool creates and edits vector-based text in a separate layer. ... While you are typing, the cursor looks like this , so you can adjust the typed text position without changing the tool. While you are typing, most of the other Photoshop functions are not available.

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In photography and optics, vignetting (/vɪnˈjɛtɪŋ, viːnˈ-/; French: vignette) is a reduction of an image's brightness or saturation toward the periphery compared to the image center. The word vignette, from the same root as vine, originally referred to a decorative border in a book.

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High-dynamic-range imaging is a high dynamic range technique used in imaging and photography to reproduce a greater dynamic range of luminosity than what is possible with standard digital imaging or photographic techniques. Standard techniques allow differentiation only within a certain range of brightness

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A fisheye lens is an ultra wide-angle lens that produces strong visual distortion intended to create a wide panoramic or hemispherical image. ... The angle of view of a fisheye lens is usually between 100 and 180 degrees while the focal lengths depend on the film format they are designed for.

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Description

Macro photography, is extreme close-up photography, usually of very small subjects and living organisms like insects, in which the size of the subject in the photograph is greater than life size.

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The Sharpen tool in Photoshop Elements increases the contrast among adjacent pixels to give the illusion that things are sharper. ... Sharpen can quickly give way to overly grainy and noisy images if you're not cautious. Use a light hand and keep the areas you sharpen small.

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Adobe Photoshop/Blur Tool. The Blur Tool is used to paint a blur effect. Each stroke made using the Blur Tool will lower the contrast between affected pixels, making them appear blurred.

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The Sponge tool in Photoshop is often overlooked, but it offers plenty of creative possibilities for image editing. Essentially, the Sponge allows you to saturate or desaturate a specific area of your image, intensifying or removing color when necessary.

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The Burn Tool is designed to darken areas without affecting hue or saturation. The icon looks like a fist, again something that traditional printers use when targeting specific areas with an additional exposure of enlarger light in order for them to print darker.

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The Dodge tool and the Burn tool lighten or darken areas of the image. These tools are based on a traditional darkroom technique for regulating exposure on specific areas of a print. Photographers hold back light to lighten an area on the print (dodging) or increase the exposure to darken areas on a print (burning).

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In Photoshop CS6 the Rectangular Marquee tool creates rectangular, including square, selections. Use this tool when you want to zero in on an image, plucking it out of a larger background to provide a better focal point. ... You now have a full-fledged rectangular selection.

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Quick Selection tool. You can use the Quick Selection tool to quickly “paint” a selection using an adjustable round brush tip. As you drag, the selection expands outward and automatically finds and follows defined edges in the image

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Similar to the lasso tool, except that instead of holding your mouse button down to draw, left-click on various points to create a selection with a series of straight edges. You can also hold down the Alt key (Windows) or Option key (Mac OS) to draw freehand sections.

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The Magic Wand Tool, known simply as the Magic Wand, is one of the oldest selection tools in Photoshop. Unlike other selection tools that select pixels in an image based on shapes or by detecting object edges, the Magic Wand selects pixels based on tone and color.

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The lasso is an editing tool available, with minor variations, in most digital image editing software. It is often accessed from the standard main menu, by clicking the icon of a dotted line shaped like a rope lasso, from which the common name arises.

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The Move tool is the only Photoshop tool that can be used even when it's not selected in the tool bar. Just hold down CTRL on a PC or COMMAND on a Mac, and you'll instantly activate the Move tool no matter which tool is currently active. This makes it easy to rearrange your elements on the fly.

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The Clone Stamp tool paints one part of an image over another part of the same image or over another part of any open document that has the same color mode. You can also paint part of one layer over another layer. The Clone Stamp tool is useful for duplicating objects or removing a defect in an image.

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The Patch Tool is part of the healing brush set of tools. These are the go-to tools for retouching and repairing your images. The Patch Tool is primarily used to repair larger areas of an image, or get rid of any distractions or blemishes.

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The Healing Brush tool allows you to fix image imperfections such as scratches, blemishes, etc. By sampling the surrounding area or using a predefined pattern you can blend the imperfections into the rest of the image. The healing brush tool is located in the Photoshop Toolbox, on the left side.

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The spot healing brush is the default healing tool in Photoshop and can be used to clone areas from an image and blend the pixels from the sampled area seamlessly with the target area. The basic principle is that the texture from the sample area is blended with the color and luminosity surrounding wherever you paint.

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The Hand tool allows you to move your image around its window by dragging. Thetool is useful for maneuvering around an image to focus in on specific details within the picture.

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With the Zoom tool, drag in your image to create a temporary selection. When you release the button, Photoshop zooms in to fill the image window at the highest magnification that includes the selected area. When the Zoom tool is active, you also have additional zoom tools on the Options bar.

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Photoshop Move Tool. The move tool allows you to move a selection or entire layer by dragging it with your mouse or using your keyboard arrows keys. The move tool is located at the top right of the Photoshop Toolbox. When the move tool is selected, click and drag anywhere in the image.

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In photography and image processing, color balance is the global adjustment of the intensities of the colors. An important goal of this adjustment is to render specific colors – particularly neutral colors – correctly. Hence, the general method is sometimes called gray balance, neutral balance, or white balance

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'saturation' describes the depth or intensity of color present within an image.Saturation is also referred to as 'chroma'; The more saturated an image is the more colorful and vibrant it will appear, less color saturation will make an image appear subdued or muted.

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The options bar is used to choose settings for each tool (e.g., opacity, fade distance, blending mode). Options on the bar change depending on which tool is currently chosen, and your choices will remain in effect until you change them.

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The menu bar is used to open and save files, adjust the canvas size, access some of the editing tools, open and close various windows, and more. The menu bar consists of 11 items: File, Edit, Image, Layer, Select, Filter, Analysis, 3D, View, Window, and Help.

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Also referred to as 'color palette' the term 'palette' describes the entire range of colors that can be rendered by a digital device such as a camera LCD or a computer monitor. ... Palettes can be generated automatically to match user requirements when color matching during post-processing.

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In this tutorial, we'll learn more about the tools and the Toolbar in Photoshop. TheToolbar (also known as the Toolbox or the Tools panel) is where Photoshop holds the many tools we have to work with. There are tools for making selections, for cropping an image, for editing and retouching, and many more.

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The Application bar across the top contains a workspace switcher, menus (Windows only), and other application controls

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In photography and cinematography, a telephoto lens is a specific type of a long-focus lens in which the physical length of the lens is shorter than the focal length

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In film and photography, a prime lens is a fixed focal length photographic lens, typically with a maximum aperture from f2.8 to f1.2. The term can also mean the primary lens in a combination lens system. Confusion between these two meanings can occur if context doesn't make the interpretation clear

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Crop factor is the ratio of a camera sensor's size to a 35mm film frame. Use it to calculate effective focal lengths and compare lenses between DSLRs. Crop factor is a term that describes the difference between your camera's sensor size and a traditional 35mm film frame.

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Advanced Photo System type-C is an image sensor format approximately equivalent in size to the Advanced Photo System film negative in its C format, of 25.1×16.7 mm, an aspect ratio of 3:2.

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A full-frame camera uses a sensor that's the same size as a singleframe of traditional 35mm film, measuring 36 x 24mm. ... Thismeans a full-frame sensor has more than 2.5 times the surface area of an APS-C sensor.

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Camera resolution is measured in megapixels(meaning millions of pixels); both image ﬁle resolution and monitor resolution are measured in either pixels per inch (ppi) or pixel dimensions (such as 1024 by 768 pixels); and printer resolution is measured in dots per inch

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The whole idea of panning photography is to shoot a photo of a moving subject while panning your camera along with the subject. One thing you need to make sure is that the speed at which you are panning the camera should match with the speed at which the subject is passing by your frame.

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Light Painting Photography is the Art Form of using handheld lights to paint and/or draw in a scene while the shutter of a camera is left open during a long exposure photograph.

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Time-lapse photography is a technique whereby the frequency at which film frames are captured is much more spread out than the frequency used to view the sequence. When played at normal speed, time appears to be moving faster and thus lapsing.

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Long-exposure, time-exposure, or slow-shutter photography involves using a long-duration shutter speed to sharply capture the stationary elements of images while blurring, smearing, or obscuring the moving elements.

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Post processing is process of editing the data captured by camera while taking the photo to enhance the image.

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The term Sepia, when used in the context of photography refers to a monochrome image rendered in brown tones rather than the greyscale tones used in a traditional black and white image. Sepia images were originally produced by adding a pigment to a positive print while exposing an image captured on film.

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A highlight is a bright spot in a photograph. Normally it is assumed to be one of the brightest points in the image. Highlights are normally created by a bright or intense illumination or by various forms of diffusion or reflection. Highlights are created by any bright light source.

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When talking about photographs and photography there are three areas of 'tone' within the total range of color in an image, The Highlights contain the brightest tones, the Shadows contain the darkest, and the midtones contain everything in between.

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Shadows are not simply a dark mass that borders the light. Rather, shadows are an entity as alive as the light. It is the shadows that shape the light, draw attention to the light, and integrate with the light to produce striking photographic opportunities.

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Custom: This is where you get to tell your camera what is white in the lighting setting that you are in. You get to override what the camera thinks, determining what white is white in the image. This setting will then adjust all the colors to read accurately

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When the flash is on most cameras automatically switch to flash white balance.

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Fluorescent – This mode is used for getting brighter and warmer shots while compensating for the cool shade of fluorescent light.

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Tungsten – This mode is used for light under a little bulb like tungsten, and it is often used while shooting indoors. The tungsten setting of the digital camera cools down the color temperature in photos. ... This mode helps pick the rightWhite Balance under low light conditions.

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WHITE BALANCE. White balance (WB) is the process of removing unrealistic color casts, so that objects which appear white in person are rendered white in your photo.

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The tungsten setting of the digital camera cools down the color temperature in photos. Fluorescent – This mode is used for getting brighter and warmer shots while compensating for the cool shade of fluorescent light. ... This mode helps pick the right White Balance under low light conditions.

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White balance (WB) is the process of removing unrealistic color casts, so that objects which appear white in person are rendered white in your photo. Proper camera white balance has to take into account the "color temperature" of a light source, which refers to the relative warmth or coolness of white light.

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White balance (WB) is the process of removing unrealistic color casts, so that objects which appear white in person are rendered white in your photo. Proper camera white balance has to take into account the "color temperature" of a light source, which refers to the relative warmth or coolness of white light.

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The focal length of an optical system is a measure of how strongly the system converges or diverges light; it is the inverse of the system's optical power. A positive focal length indicates that a system converges light, while a negative focal length indicates that the system diverges light

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For many cameras, depth of field is the distance between the nearest and the farthest objects that are in acceptably sharp focus in an image. The depth of field can be calculated based on focal length, distance to subject, the acceptable circle of confusion size, and aperture

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In photography, bokeh is the aesthetic quality of the blur produced in the out-of-focus parts of an image produced by a lens. Bokeh has been defined as "the way the lens renders out-of-focus points of light"

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In optics, an aperture is a hole or an opening through which light travels. More specifically, the aperture and focal length of an optical system determine the cone angle of a bundle of rays that come to a focus in the image plane. An optical system typically has many openings or structures that limit the ray bundles

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An f-stop is a camera setting that specifies the aperture of the lens on a particular photograph. It is represented using f-numbers. The letter “f” stands for focal length of the lens.

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Burst mode, also called continuous shooting mode, sports mode or continuous high speed mode, is a shooting mode in still cameras. In burst mode, several photographs are captured in quick succession by either pressing the shutter button or holding it down

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Exposure compensation is a technique for adjusting the exposure indicated by a photographic exposure meter, in consideration of factors that may cause the indicated exposure to result in a less-than-optimal image

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Normally, the vertical bar under the scale, known as the exposure level indicator, predicts a photo'sexposure, relative to the standard exposure, taken with the current meter reading and using the current exposure settings. In autoexposure modes, the exposure level indicator stays pegged in the middle.

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In photography, bracketing is the general technique of taking several shots of the same subject using different camera settings. ... Autobracketing is a feature of many modern cameras. When set, it will automatically take several bracketed shots, rather than the photographeraltering the settings by hand between each shot.

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Autofocus points are what the camera uses tofocus on a subject. You'll probably first notice them when you press the shutter halfway. Many cameras will emit a beep and some of the AF points will light up—often in a red or green color—in the viewfinder or on the display screen.

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Aperture priority, often abbreviated A or Av on a camera mode dial, is a setting on some cameras that allows the user to set a specific aperture value while the camera selects a shutter speed to match it that will result in proper exposure based on the lighting conditions as measured by the camera's light meter.

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Shutter priority (usually denoted as S on the mode dial), also called time value (abbreviated as Tv), refers to a setting on some cameras that allows the user to choose a specific shutter speed while the camera adjusts the aperture to ensure correct exposure.

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Program mode (the "P" on the mode dial of most DSLRs) means that the camera still sets the exposure for you. It chooses the correct aperture and shutter speed for the light available, so your shot is correctly exposed. Program mode also unlocks other functions that give you more creative control over your images.

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Manual mode on a camera allows the photographer to determine the exposure of an image by letting them select an aperture value and a shutter speed value.

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Automatic mode is a mode in a digital camera where the camera's software fully controls all aspects of the photograph, from the shutter speed to the aperture setting to the focus. The photographer has no specific control over the settings for a particular photograph.

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Tagged Image File Format, abbreviated TIFF or TIF, is a computer file format for storing raster graphics images, popular among graphic artists, the publishing industry, and photographers.

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A .PSD file is a layered image file used in Adobe PhotoShop. PSD, which stands forPhotoshop Document, is the default format that Photoshop uses for saving data.PSD is a proprietary file that allows the user to work with the images' individual layers even after the file has been saved.

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A camera RAW image is an unprocessed photograph captured with a digital camera. It contains the raw image data captured by the camera's sensor (or CCD), saved in proprietary file format specific to the camera manufacturer.

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With digital photography, images are stored as a digital file. ... RAW files are lossless. To reduce file size, the camera can discard part of the data not easily perceptible to the human eye. A JPEG is a lossy file. A TIFF file is, in principle, a flexible format that can be lossless or lossy.

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Silhouette photography is a wonderful way to convey drama, mystery, emotion and mood in a picture. A silhouette is defined as a view of an object or a scene consisting of the outline and a featureless interior, with the silhouetted object usually being black

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While the term chiaroscuro originates from the Renaissance period and is often associated with painting or drawing, it has evolved into the photographic world and now often simply means strong and bold contrasts between light and dark areas in a photograph.

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Ambient Light traditionally refers to any form of light that the photographer did not add to their image, and can include both "natural" ambient sunlight, or "artificial"ambient light such as a nearby street light, lamp, or similar.

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Diffusing light means to soften it by reducing glare and harsh shadows.

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Backlighting, defined in the simplest of ways, refers to the main source of light behind the photography subject.

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Photography ethics are subjective, contextual, and fluid, meaning that every person's ethics will be different, because ethics are based on a person's life experience and values

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For your brand: Use a TM after your brand name to assert your rights to thetrademark. Names, titles, short phrases, and slogans are not copyrightable. You may have protection under the federal trademark laws.v

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Plagiarism of images is really no different than plagiarism of words, music, or any original work.

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Constructive criticism is the process of offering valid and well-reasoned opinions about the work of others, usually involving both positive and negative comments, in a friendly manner rather than an oppositional one

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Subjective photography emphasizes consideration of the photo that goes beyond the actual subject, inviting the viewer to interpret and reflect on the visual experience it produces

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Objective photography is an impersonal image not influenced by feelings, interpretations or prejudice.

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negative space is the space between and around the objects in the frame.

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Positive space refers to the objects in the frame.

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The leading lines photography definition is a simple composition line concept. The viewer's eyes are naturally drawn along vertical lines, parallel lines, diagonal lines and even strong horizontal lines. Some of the main subjects in images, such as these, are paths, rails, buildings and streets.

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It is a step up from using the Rule of Thirds that will add more power and meaning to your images. With the Rule of Thirds, we divide the frame in two horizontal lines intersecting with two vertical lines.

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The rule of thirds is a "rule of thumb" or guideline which applies to the process of composing visual images such as designs, films, paintings, and photographs.