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Just a heads up - 30 minutes long but VERY useful!

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AS and A-level Sociology

7191, 7192

Because of the impact of Coronavirus (COVID-19) there are some changes to how AS and A-level Sociology will be assessed in 2022. Find out more.

Find all the information, support and resources you need to deliver our specification.

Teaching from: | September 2015
Exams from: | 2016 (AS), 2017 (A-level)
QAN code: | 601/3995/X, 601/3994/8

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Because of the impact of Coronavirus (COVID-19) there are some changes to how AS and A-level Sociology will be assessed in 2022. Find out more.

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To access this, all you have to do is create an account!!

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Find past papers and mark schemes, do practice questions so no surprises on exam day!

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Don't see your level/subject or board? We are adding to our past paper bank all the time - check again soon.

12 results for A Level Sociology, AQA

Level | Subject | Board | Date | Title | Mark scheme
A Level | Sociology (7191 7192) | AQA | Summer 2018 | Paper 1 (A-level): Question paper June 2018 | Mark Scheme
A Level | Sociology (7191 7192) | AQA | Summer 2018 | Paper 1 (AS): Question paper June 2018 | Mark Scheme
A Level | Sociology (7191 7192) | AQA | Summer 2018 | Paper 2 (A-level): Question paper June 2018 | Mark Scheme
A Level | Sociology (7191 7192) | AQA | Summer 2018 | Paper 2 (AS): Question paper June 2018 | Mark Scheme
A Level | Sociology (7191 7192) | AQA | Summer 2018 | Paper 3 (A-level): Question paper June 2018 | Mark Scheme
A Level | Sociology (7191 7192) | AQA | Summer 2017 | Paper 1 (A-level): Question paper June 2017 | Mark Scheme
A Level | Sociology (7191 7192) | AQA | Summer 2017 | Paper 1 (AS): Question paper June 2017 | Mark Scheme
A Level | Sociology (7191 7192) | AQA | Summer 2017 | Paper 2 (A-level): Question paper June 2017 | Mark Scheme
A Level | Sociology (7191 7192) | AQA | Summer 2017 | Paper 2 (AS): Question paper June 2017 | Mark Scheme
A Level | Sociology (7191 7192) | AQA | Summer 2017 | Paper 3 (A-level): Question paper June 2017 | Mark Scheme
A Level | Sociology (7191 7192) | AQA | Summer 2016 | Paper 1 (AS): Question paper June 2016 | Mark Scheme
A Level | Sociology (7191 7192) | AQA | Summer 2016 | Paper 2 (AS): Question paper June 2016 | Mark Scheme

Paper 1 (A-level): Question paper June 2018

AQA, Summer 2018

Mark Scheme

Paper 1 (AS): Question paper June 2018

AQA, Summer 2018

Mark Scheme

Paper 2 (A-level): Question paper June 2018

AQA, Summer 2018

Mark Scheme

Paper 2 (AS): Question paper June 2018

AQA, Summer 2018

Mark Scheme

Paper 3 (A-level): Question paper June 2018

AQA, Summer 2018

Mark Scheme

Paper 1 (A-level): Question paper June 2017

AQA, Summer 2017

Mark Scheme

Paper 1 (AS): Question paper June 2017

AQA, Summer 2017

Mark Scheme

Paper 2 (A-level): Question paper June 2017

AQA, Summer 2017

Mark Scheme

Paper 2 (AS): Question paper June 2017

AQA, Summer 2017

Mark Scheme

Paper 3 (A-level): Question paper June 2017

AQA, Summer 2017

Mark Scheme

Paper 1 (AS): Question paper June 2016

AQA, Summer 2016

Mark Scheme

Paper 2 (AS): Question paper June 2016

AQA, Summer 2016

Mark Scheme

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Past GCSE and A Level exam papers and mark schemes at Get Revising

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Brought to you by Student Academic Success Your learning success is our priority! We are here to support you through one-on-one consultations, learning resources and engaging workshops that address all your learning and language needs.

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An interesting documentary to watch

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"The Murder of Laci Peterson" explores the infamous Scott Peterson trial, the case that destroyed a family, gripped a nation and defined an era, as a vehicle for understanding America's criminal justice system and the ways in which outside influences can affect that system.

The mystery of Laci Peterson's disappearance on Christmas Eve 2002 captivated the nation. Eight months pregnant, she vanished without a trace. Her body and that of her unborn child, Conner, appeared four months later on the shores of the San Francisco Bay causing a media frenzy on both a local and national level. To this day, no one knows exactly when, where or how she died, only that her husband Scott Peterson was convicted of murder and sentenced to death, despite the absence of DNA evidence or eyewitness testimony. Scott Peterson's conviction was less a tribute to the efficacy of the legal system than it was a case study for the overwhelming power of modern media to deliver the facts of news in a way that creates irresistible tabloid fodder.

As the 15th Anniversary of Laci Peterson's disappearance approaches, "The Murder of Laci Peterson" takes a fresh, new look at the case, reexamining the circumstantial evidence and assessing the media's influence on the case and its outcome. This documentary series will include unprecedented access to Scott Peterson and his family as they speak directly and candidly about Scott's conviction. In addition, the series will include interviews with an expansive and impressive list of key eyewitnesses, experts, lawyers, cops, journalists, detectives (professional and amateur), including Nancy Grace, Gloria Allred, Amber Frey, Detectives Jon Buehler and Ed Steele, journalists Ken Auletta and Maureen Orth, reporters Gloria Gomez and Garth Stapley, Scott Peterson's trial co-counsel Pat Harris, his appellate attorney Cliff Gardner, attorney and CNN and ABC contributor Chris Pixley and local reporter turned CNN correspondent Ted Rowlands among many others.

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Watch The Murder of Laci Peterson Full Episodes, Video & More | A&E

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"The Murder of Laci Peterson" explores the infamous Scott Peterson trial, the case that destroyed a family, gripped a nation and defined an era, as a vehicle for understanding America's criminal justice system and the ways in which outside influences can affect that system.

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Crime and deviance including methods

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Sociological theories

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Latest Post

1) Positivist sociology

Posted by Sam Cook ⋅ May 13, 2012

Comte argued that sociology should be based upon the same methods as natural science. He said that if we can find “facts” about society we could then identify a cause and effect relationships and laws in society. Durkheim said that social facts, institutions, beliefs and values of society, should be treated the same way as … Continue reading →

2 Comments A2 - Social Perspectives

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Flash cards to help with your revision. 

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Flash cards to help with your revision. 

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Includes unit overviews too.

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Hello There!

You’re reading this because I’ve been messing around updating Sociology Central and, not to put too fine a point on things, the page or file that was once there is now somewhere else (probably).

You can go to the Home Page by clicking this link

Sociology Central Home

Or you can wait a few seconds to be automatically redirected.

Once there you can search for the page / file you need.

Sorry for the inconvenience,

Chris.

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You're reading this because I've been messing around updating Sociology Central and, not to put too fine a point on things, the page or file that was once there is now somewhere else (probably). You can go to the Home Page by clicking this link Sociology Central Home Or you can wait a few seconds to be automatically redirected.

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Create an account for free to access loads of different materials to help you.

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A-level Sociology revision guides and question banks covering History of the Sociology of Education, Labelling Theory, Poverty and all core a-level Sociology topics.

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Home » A-level

Conjugal Relationships

Crime and the Effects of Crime

Divorce

Domestic Violence

Family Ideology

Functionalism

Functions of Education

History

History of the Sociology of Education

Inequalities

Introduction

Introduction to Deviance

Key Problems

Labelling Theory

Methods

Origins of State Education

Political Power

Poverty

Science

Secularisation

The Role of Religion

Theoretical Standpoints

Voting

Wealth

Welfare

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A-level Sociology revision guides and question banks covering History of the Sociology of Education, Labelling Theory, Poverty and all core a-level Sociology topics.

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These will become useful to achieve higher marks in your essays.

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This reading list would help you with sociology as a whole for the foundations of it.

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The McDonaldisation of Society

George Ritzer

The Spirit Level

Wilkinson and Pickett

Criminology: The Basics

Sandra Walklate

Living Dolls

Natasha Walter

The Fall of Public Man

Richard Sennett

Modern Social Theory: An Introduction

Austin Harrington

Criminology: The Essentials

James Treadwell

Media Studies

Dan Laughey

A Beginner's Guide to Social Theory

Shaun Best

Teach Yourself Postmodernism

Glenn Ward

Sociology: Issues and Debates

Steve Taylor

Criminology: A Sociological Introduction

Carrabine, Cox, Lee, Plummer and South

Sociology

Anthony Giddens

On Liberty

Shami Chakrabarti

Cry Freedom

Let Him Have It

In The Name of the Father

Ghandi

Rogue Trader

The Lady

Network

The Truman Show

Pleasantville

Quiz Show

What is Sociology?

The British Sociological Association

Podology: Sociology Podcasts

GCSE and A Level Revision | S-cool

Sociology Central

Sociology Online UK The Sociology resource for students

Hodder Education - Sociology Review extras

Sociology on YouTube

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Sociology A Level Reading List - Hurtwood House

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Get ahead of the game with Hurtwood House's A Level Sociology course reading list.

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Need a teacher's perspective on your essay?

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Use the following to improve your essays to the highest standard.

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This website includes EVERYTHING from the whole course, all you have to do is make an account!!

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Smart revision tools proven to boost your grades Get started Homework and exam help Find homework and exam help for your study level GCSE ▸ A Level & IB ▸ University ▸ Take the stress out of homework and exams. Tell us what you're studying and get a personalised study plan in under 5 minutes.

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Rosa Parks is a good example of social change (topic 2)

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Rosa Parks - Civil Rights Activist | Mini Bio | BIO

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Religion, renewal and choice revision cards

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Religion, renewal and choice revision cards

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Includes contextual information too!

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This is one out of two, you can always watch the second one too.

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No More Boys and Girls  Can Our Kids Go Gender Free? 1 Episode 2017

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Can print this out and add to it etc.. would be really useful.

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What about your situation?

As an A2 student right now, you will have at least three A2 specimen papers, two AS papers, as well as an actual A Level Sociology paper, with mark schemes. Not only that, you have a much more detailed and comprehensive (A2) examiners report than I had, as well as two AS examiners reports. Use them

Current students should also be trawling the online webpages of the old AQA Sociology specification and reading the exam reports - they are the greatest asset you will have

Although the exam papers themselves from the old specification have a different question structure, I took each one and edited them all on a word document into the current format of questions. In so doing, not only are you creating more practice questions for yourself, but also getting to know your exam papers inside out, meaning there can be no surprises on exam day

Make links all the time between the four different modules you are sitting, including Theory and Methods; this way you are developing your synoptic skills, which form a key part of the new specification

Create your own mark schemes for the sample exam questions provided in textbooks; this way you are getting to know the very resource that the examiner will be using to mark your actual paper in the summer!

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Second Year Sociology Students: Listen Up! (2)

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What about your situation? As an A2 student right now, you will have at least three A2 specimen papers, two AS papers, as well as an actual A Level Sociology paper, with mark schemes. Not only that, you have a much more detailed and comprehensive (A2) examiners report than I had, as well as two AS examiners reports.

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What is Marxism? (Karl Marx + Super Mario Bros.) – 8-Bit Philosophy

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Lecture from Bedford Uni on female crime

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Lecture from Bedford Uni on female crime

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9) Ethnic groups differences in achievement in education

Achievement within education is very varied across cultures, with some such as Chinese and Indian students performing above the average, and African-Caribbean and Pakistani students performing well below average. There are many factors which can reduce a child from an ethnic backgrounds attainment: Social class and material factors – Minority ethnic children are more likely to … Continue reading →

8) Underachievement of boys in Education

Educational achievements for both genders have increased over the years, however boys are being outperformed by girls. There are several reasons for this female dominance: The Women’s movement – Women’s movements have raised expectations and self-esteem of women considerably. Now women feel they can be more ambitious so are performing  better at school Growing ambition … Continue reading →

7) Explaining social class differences in education and achievement

The working class consistently perform far worse in exams than the higher class pupils, this could be for many reasons as shown above  Sociologists have identified 3 groups into which all these factors affecting education can be placed: Material Factors Cultural Factors Factors within school Material Factors Material factors explain how social and economic situations … Continue reading →

6) Feminist Perspective

Feminists’ say that education emasculates women, rather than the working class as marxists say. This is because of gender inequalities within school which lead to inequalities in society. Feminists say this happens in several ways: Gender stereotypes – reading schemes show gender differences, for example: girls are shown as more caring and are followers, whilst boys are … Continue reading →

5) Assessing Functionalist and Marxist Perspectives

Similarities between Marxist and Functionalist Perspectives: Both think schools help legitimize social inequality Both are “macro” theories, so they look at the effect of education in the context of the rest of society, it can determine the rest of society with beliefs, values and skills. Both see education serving the needs of the workplace Both see education … Continue reading →

4) Marxist Perspective

Marxist believe that the main purpose of education is to retain the social inequality within a capitalist society. French Marxist Althusser saw education as the man Ideological State apparatus. He said it is used to: Pass on ruling class ideology Select people for the different social classes, and equips them with attitudes and behaviour that … Continue reading →

3) Functionalist Perspective

Functionalists see education as having 4 major roles: 1) Passing on societies beliefs and culture – Education is a functional prerequisite of society. Its passes on key values and beliefs via socialization, through both the national curriculum and the hidden curriculum. This helps creat social solidarity, it unites society in its morals and values. Criticism: Marxists … Continue reading →

2) Education from 1988 onwards

1988 Education reform act This was an important policy, it made 6 key changes: Ofsted Inspections Tests at 7, 11 and 14 (SATs) Local management of school budget – reduced the control of schools and handed it over to local authorities Opting Out – schools that were maintained by grants City technical schools A national curriculum … Continue reading →

1) Education in Britain untill 1988

The 1944 Education Act set up 3 types of secondary schools, this division is known as the Tripartite system. The 3 types were: Grammar – For more “intelligent” students who passed the 11+ test Technical – To teach skills useful in labour, for those who failed the 11+ test. Modern – For all students who failed … Continue reading →

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A little slideshow that breaks it all down for you

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A PPT to help guide you through writing an essay based on MIC

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Another word document with the whole of the education unit, in detail on.

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This video is part 1 of 2, feel free tol watch the second one too!

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The Hidden Curriculum | Part 1 of 2: Norms, Values and Procedures

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A/A* SOCIOLOGY A LEVEL ADVICE & TIPS (BAD B**CH EDITION) | IBZ MO

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Overview

Prezzi overview

Revision

Revision resources

What are families and households?

What is the family?

Different types of families

What is a household?

Families and households video

Study questions for learning and understanding

Competing perspectives of the family

Revision note images

The family according to functionalists

The family according to Marxists

The family according to feminists

Marxist feminists

Radical feminists

The family according to the New Right

Key supporting studies

Study questions for learning and understanding – 2

Power and the family

Revision note images

Power in action

Stephen Lukes: Power and the family

Studies in gender power – who does the housework part 1

Who does the housework part 2

Changing family structures across time

Revision note images

Pre-industrial family

Classic extended family

Isolated nuclear family

Symmetrical family or privatised nuclear family

Changing functions of the family

Family diversity Power and the family

Housework – gender power

Some supporting studies

Study questions for learning and understanding – 4

Study questions for learning and understanding – 5

Demographic influences on the family

Demographics and the family

Reasons for demographic change

Fertility and average family size

Study questions for learning and understanding – 3

Marriage and divorce

Revision note images

Civil Partnerships

Mum and Dad are Splitting-Up

Marriage Divorce

Effects of divorce on children

A film highlighting the effects of divorce on children

Remarriage – blending families

Cohabitation Singlehood

Study questions for learning and understanding 6

Childhood

Revision note images

What is childhood?

The family and its children

Roles, relationships and diversity

Ideology and the family

Opening-up the cereal packet family

Social trends and the family

Remarriage – blending families

Lone parent families

Same sex families

Ethnicity

Marriage in decline = cohabitation

Singlehood

Some supporting studies

Dark side of family life

Abuse within the home

Politics, social policy and the family

Social policy and the family (quick view)

Politics and the family

Social policy and the family

Social policy and the New Right

Fragmented families

Criticisms of New Right thinking

Social policy and its futures

Postmodernism and the family

Understanding postmodernism

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Sociology of Family and Households Overview

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Overview Prezzi overview Revision Revision resources What are families and households? What is the family? Different types of families What is a household? Families and households video Study questions for learning and understanding Competing perspectives of the family Revision note images The family according to functionalists The family according to Marxists The family according to...

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1) These slides are just my own way of making notes . 2) Some slides are rushed and there are some mistakes .

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Don't you worry..

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Revision tips and techniques for both AS and A2 Sociology!

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What is a Reconstituted Family?

A reconstituted family is a family that consists of a mother and her children from one family and a father and his children from another family joining together through marriage.

What is meant by the term 'industrialisation'?

When the industry changed from being one of agriculture to one where factories, shops, markets and healthcare was provided. This is the process of Structural Differentiation.

What does cohabitation mean?

Cohabitation is where people live together without being married, it is also seen as a 'trial' marriage.

The definintion of the 'Warm Bath Theory'

The Warm Bath Theory is...
After a long, stressful and tiring day at work, going home to your family or household is said to relax you like a warm bath would.

Who came up with the 'Warm Bath Theory'?

Parsons was the one who believed that the warm bath theory was an important major function of the family (stress reliever).

What is Primary Socialisation?

Primary socialisation is where the family teaches the children the values and norms of society and the behaviour that is acceptable and unacceptable.

What is meant by an Instrumental Leader?

The instrumental leader within the family is the male as he goes to work to earn money and provide for his family.

Who identifield the Instrumental and Expressive Leader?

Parsons identifield the Instrumental and Expressive Leader.

What is meant by an Expressive Leader?

The expressive leader within a family is the women as she looks after the house and children offering support and guidance.

Who are the two Functionalists?

- George Murdock
- Talcott Parsons

What are the four main functions of the family, according to Murdock?

- Reproduction
- Sexual
- Educational
- Economic

What are the four effects of industrialisation according to Parson's?

- Geographically Mobile
- Isolated Families
- Gendered social roles
- Structural Differentiation

Because of industries like factories and shops being built it led to people not relying on their extended kin therefore moving away to follow job opportunities, causing the family to change from being extended to nuclear.

Families becoming geographically mobile led to people becoming isolated from their relatives.

Parsons claimed that the nuclear family provided the husband and wife with clear social roles. The Instrumental and Expressive Leader.

Structural Differentiation

Structural Differentiation is the loss of functions for the pre-industrial family through to industrialisation due to structures such as healthcare and education systems taking over said family functions.

Based on the Ideas of Karl Marx.
Marxism is a view that critises functionalism. Marxism is the view that the nuclear family is beneficial to capatilism and the ruling class.

What are the Marxist theories?

- That we have a two class society that consists of the proletariat = working class and the bourgeoisie = ruling class.
- We live in a capatilist society that is all about money and profit.
- A working class family has working class children and a ruling class family has ruling class children.

What are three functions that Marxist's believe the nuclear family performs?

- Ideological Functions
- Inheritance of Property
- Unit of Consumption

Marx believes the family is bad as it shares a set of beliefs to its children that states that they should always listen to people higher than them. They do this by persuading them that living in a capatilist society is fair and cant be changed.

When someone that is of the ruling class dies then there family will recieve their money and property resulting in it being kept in the family instead of being given back to society.

Structural Differentiation

Structural Differentiation is the loss of functions for the pre-industrial family through to industrialisation due to structures such as healthcare and education systems taking over said family functions.

This is basically about how the family is a unit of consumption, how people buy things that they need and what they dont need benifits the profits that the ruling class recieves.

Who critisizes Marxism and what do they believe?

- Feminists argue that its not just on social class and capatilism but morely based on gender inequalities, where males are dominant within the family.
- Functionalists argue that Marxists do not see that the family is good because it offers mutual support and intimacy.

Based on the Ideas of Karl Marx.
Marxism is a view that critises functionalism. Marxism is the view that the nuclear family is beneficial to capatilism and the ruling class.

What is meant by 'Patriarchy'?

Feminists believe that we live in a society that is based upon male dominantion over women as they are seen as more powerful.

What are the Marxist theories?

- That we have a two class society that consists of the proletariat = working class and the bourgeoisie = ruling class.
- We live in a capatilist society that is all about money and profit.
- A working class family has working class children and a ruling class family has ruling class children.

What does Structuralism mean?

Structuralism is the idea that society is shaped and structured around the family and education system.

What are three functions that Marxist's believe the nuclear family performs?

- Ideological Functions
- Inheritance of Property
- Unit of Consumption

Marx believes the family is bad as it shares a set of beliefs to its children that states that they should always listen to people higher than them. They do this by persuading them that living in a capatilist society is fair and cant be changed.

When someone that is of the ruling class dies then there family will recieve their money and property resulting in it being kept in the family instead of being given back to society.

This is basically about how the family is a unit of consumption, how people buy things that they need and what they dont need benifits the profits that the ruling class recieves.

Who critisizes Marxism and what do they believe?

- Feminists argue that its not just on social class and capatilism but morely based on gender inequalities, where males are dominant within the family.
- Functionalists argue that Marxists do not see that the family is good because it offers mutual support and intimacy.

What is meant by 'Patriarchy'?

Feminists believe that we live in a society that is based upon male dominantion over women as they are seen as more powerful.

What does Structuralism mean?

Structuralism is the idea that society is shaped and structured around the family and education system.

Structural Differentiation

Structural Differentiation is the loss of functions for the pre-industrial family through to industrialisation due to structures such as healthcare and education systems taking over said family functions.

Based on the Ideas of Karl Marx.
Marxism is a view that critises functionalism. Marxism is the view that the nuclear family is beneficial to capatilism and the ruling class.

Structural Differentiation

Structural Differentiation is the loss of functions for the pre-industrial family through to industrialisation due to structures such as healthcare and education systems taking over said family functions.

What are the Marxist theories?

- That we have a two class society that consists of the proletariat = working class and the bourgeoisie = ruling class.
- We live in a capatilist society that is all about money and profit.
- A working class family has working class children and a ruling class family has ruling class children.

Based on the Ideas of Karl Marx.
Marxism is a view that critises functionalism. Marxism is the view that the nuclear family is beneficial to capatilism and the ruling class.

What are three functions that Marxist's believe the nuclear family performs?

- Ideological Functions
- Inheritance of Property
- Unit of Consumption

What are the Marxist theories?

- That we have a two class society that consists of the proletariat = working class and the bourgeoisie = ruling class.
- We live in a capatilist society that is all about money and profit.
- A working class family has working class children and a ruling class family has ruling class children.

Marx believes the family is bad as it shares a set of beliefs to its children that states that they should always listen to people higher than them. They do this by persuading them that living in a capatilist society is fair and cant be changed.

What are three functions that Marxist's believe the nuclear family performs?

- Ideological Functions
- Inheritance of Property
- Unit of Consumption

When someone that is of the ruling class dies then there family will recieve their money and property resulting in it being kept in the family instead of being given back to society.

Marx believes the family is bad as it shares a set of beliefs to its children that states that they should always listen to people higher than them. They do this by persuading them that living in a capatilist society is fair and cant be changed.

Structural Differentiation

Structural Differentiation is the loss of functions for the pre-industrial family through to industrialisation due to structures such as healthcare and education systems taking over said family functions.

This is basically about how the family is a unit of consumption, how people buy things that they need and what they dont need benifits the profits that the ruling class recieves.

Based on the Ideas of Karl Marx.
Marxism is a view that critises functionalism. Marxism is the view that the nuclear family is beneficial to capatilism and the ruling class.

When someone that is of the ruling class dies then there family will recieve their money and property resulting in it being kept in the family instead of being given back to society.

Who critisizes Marxism and what do they believe?

- Feminists argue that its not just on social class and capatilism but morely based on gender inequalities, where males are dominant within the family.
- Functionalists argue that Marxists do not see that the family is good because it offers mutual support and intimacy.

This is basically about how the family is a unit of consumption, how people buy things that they need and what they dont need benifits the profits that the ruling class recieves.

What are the Marxist theories?

- That we have a two class society that consists of the proletariat = working class and the bourgeoisie = ruling class.
- We live in a capatilist society that is all about money and profit.
- A working class family has working class children and a ruling class family has ruling class children.

What is meant by 'Patriarchy'?

Feminists believe that we live in a society that is based upon male dominantion over women as they are seen as more powerful.

What are three functions that Marxist's believe the nuclear family performs?

- Ideological Functions
- Inheritance of Property
- Unit of Consumption

Who critisizes Marxism and what do they believe?

- Feminists argue that its not just on social class and capatilism but morely based on gender inequalities, where males are dominant within the family.
- Functionalists argue that Marxists do not see that the family is good because it offers mutual support and intimacy.

What does Structuralism mean?

Structuralism is the idea that society is shaped and structured around the family and education system.

Marx believes the family is bad as it shares a set of beliefs to its children that states that they should always listen to people higher than them. They do this by persuading them that living in a capatilist society is fair and cant be changed.

What is meant by 'Patriarchy'?

Feminists believe that we live in a society that is based upon male dominantion over women as they are seen as more powerful.

When someone that is of the ruling class dies then there family will recieve their money and property resulting in it being kept in the family instead of being given back to society.

What does Structuralism mean?

Structuralism is the idea that society is shaped and structured around the family and education system.

This is basically about how the family is a unit of consumption, how people buy things that they need and what they dont need benifits the profits that the ruling class recieves.

Who critisizes Marxism and what do they believe?

- Feminists argue that its not just on social class and capatilism but morely based on gender inequalities, where males are dominant within the family.
- Functionalists argue that Marxists do not see that the family is good because it offers mutual support and intimacy.

What is meant by 'Patriarchy'?

Feminists believe that we live in a society that is based upon male dominantion over women as they are seen as more powerful.

What does Structuralism mean?

Structuralism is the idea that society is shaped and structured around the family and education system.

Structural Differentiation

Structural Differentiation is the loss of functions for the pre-industrial family through to industrialisation due to structures such as healthcare and education systems taking over said family functions.

Based on the Ideas of Karl Marx.
Marxism is a view that critises functionalism. Marxism is the view that the nuclear family is beneficial to capatilism and the ruling class.

What are the Marxist theories?

- That we have a two class society that consists of the proletariat = working class and the bourgeoisie = ruling class.
- We live in a capatilist society that is all about money and profit.
- A working class family has working class children and a ruling class family has ruling class children.

What are three functions that Marxist's believe the nuclear family performs?

- Ideological Functions
- Inheritance of Property
- Unit of Consumption

Marx believes the family is bad as it shares a set of beliefs to its children that states that they should always listen to people higher than them. They do this by persuading them that living in a capatilist society is fair and cant be changed.

When someone that is of the ruling class dies then there family will recieve their money and property resulting in it being kept in the family instead of being given back to society.

This is basically about how the family is a unit of consumption, how people buy things that they need and what they dont need benifits the profits that the ruling class recieves.

Who critisizes Marxism and what do they believe?

- Feminists argue that its not just on social class and capatilism but morely based on gender inequalities, where males are dominant within the family.
- Functionalists argue that Marxists do not see that the family is good because it offers mutual support and intimacy.

What is meant by 'Patriarchy'?

Feminists believe that we live in a society that is based upon male dominantion over women as they are seen as more powerful.

What does Structuralism mean?

Structuralism is the idea that society is shaped and structured around the family and education system.

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AS Sociology - SCLY1 - Families and Households Flashcards - Cram.com

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Study Flashcards On AS Sociology - SCLY1 - Families and Households at Cram.com. Quickly memorize the terms, phrases and much more. Cram.com makes it easy to get the grade you want!

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Useful information about the Italian Marxist writer, Antonio Gramsci.

Antonio Gramsci was born in Italy in 1891 and was the co-founder of the Italian Communist Party. He was imprisoned in 1928 for 20 years whilst serving as the party's leader by Italy's prime minister at the time, Benito Mussolini.

Whilst in prison, Gramsci kept himself busy and with the help of his sister he produced a number of works. However, his work wasn't published until after he had died (at only age 46) in what are known as the 'Prison Notebooks'. Whilst Karl Marx claimed that the bourgeoisie (ruling class) control the economic basein society and create the superstructure that enable them to control the proletariat (working class), Gramsci argued that control occurs through 'ideological illusions' produced by the ruling class.

The ruling class cannot control people through coercion alone, there must also be ideological control. Gramsci called this complex process 'hegemony', which simply put, is a means of class domination through persuading people that the ruling class's ideas are just common sense.

Gramsci argued that hegemony is an invisible mechanism and the ruling class's ideas permeate the whole of society, i.e., they are unquestioned and become normalised through constant exposure particularly for the working class.

However, Gramsci did not believe that hegemony goes unchallenged. Gramsci called this 'counter-hegemony', whereby in some societies (such as in the West) ruling class ideology is questioned. For example, this could occur after a recession, which leads to high levels of unemployment. Gramsci argued that the ruling class face constant challenges in capitalist societies due to the economic system itself but he challenges the economic determinism of traditional Marxism.

Gramsci and his work is generally covered within Theory and Methods and Beliefs in Society in Year 2, but his ideas could be used to provide an analysis of economic events such as the 2008 world financial crash and links to political regimes. Much like Marx, Gramsci 's work has as much relevance today as he did during the time of writing

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Useful information about the Italian Marxist writer, Antonio Gramsci. Antonio Gramsci was born in Italy in 1891 and was the co-founder of the Italian Communist Party. He was imprisoned in 1928 for 20 years whilst serving as the party's leader by Italy's prime minister at the time, Benito Mussolini.