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Scientific name : Caladium bicolor

Characteristic : Calla-type flowers, if present, are usually hidden. Plants typically grow in clumps to 1-2.5' tall. Arrowhead-shaped leaves (to 1.5' long) are various shades of green mottled and blotched with pink, red, white or combinations thereof often with distinctively colored veins.

Notes:  For garden uses, lends a bright colors and a tropical look to beds, borders and containers. Houseplant

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Scientific name : Tabebuia rosea
Characterisics :  Deciduous tree, medium to big. Leaves oppositely arranged, palmately compound with 5 leaflets on each stalk. Leaflets 5 - 22 cm by 2 - 11 cm, oblong to elliptic in shape, ends pointed. Flowers are trumpet - shaped, 5 - 8 cm long, large and showy, 5 - petaled. Flowering induced by dry spell, in April and August in Singapore. Blooms last several days then wilt. Fruits split when matured, halves fall away and seeds attached to central wall. Seeds have winged features, dispersed by wind.Planted along road sides or in parks. Provide shade. Flowers are spectacular, form a pink carpet on the ground around the tree when it falls. Propagated by seeds or cuttings. Genus name derived from native Brazilian name 'tabebuia' or 'taiaveruia' whicle species epithet 'rosea' means rose coloured.

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Scientific name : Cerbera odollam
Characteristics : A medium-sized tree, up to 12m tall, with a rounded, bushy crown. The trunk often knobbly and buttressed, with rough greyish bark. Have a foliage that glossy green, narrowly obovate to elliptic, with a short drip-tip. Dying leaves often turn orange before falling off the tree. Prominent white flowers with five petals, typical of Apocynaceae family. Flowers have a yellow "eye" in the centre, and are fragrant.

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Scientific name : Bouganvillea
Characteristics : The vine species grow anywhere from 1-12 m tall, scrambling over other plants with their spiky thorns. The thorns are tipped with a black, waxy substance. They are evergreen where rainfall occurs all year, or deciduous if there is a dry season. The leaves are alternate, simple ovate-acuminate, 4–13 cm long and 2–6 cm broad. The actual flower of the plant is small and generally white, but each cluster of three flowers is surrounded by three or six bracts with the bright colours associated with the plant, including pink, magenta, purple, red, orange, white, or yellow. Bougainvillea glabra is sometimes referred to as "paper flower" because the bracts are thin and papery. The fruit is a narrow five-lobed achene.

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Scientific name : Mansoa alliacea

Characteristic :
Growth :

The climbers reach heights of 3 to 4 metres.

Leaves :

Mansoa alliacea is evergreen. The dark-green, simple leaves are opposite. They are elliptic, entire and petiolate.

Flowers and Fruits :

Mansoa alliacea produces cluster of light-purple tubular flowers from September to October.

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Scientific name : Alocasia macrorrhizos
Characteristic : Growth Form: A glabrous herbaceous plant, growing up to 5 m tall.
Foliage: Arranged in rosettes, ascending; leaf blades are flattened, pointing upwards, measures 25 - 50 cm by 20 - 35 cm, green in colour, slightly glossy, arrow-shaped, apex acute, base hastate, margin wavy, petiole measuring 60 - 100 cm long.
Stems: Acaulescent, has a short corm, produces sap and has an elongated caudex as it grows.
Flowers: Inflorescences, enfolded by bracts; peduncles are 20 - 45 cm long, spathe white - yellowish green with 15 - 35 cm long, lower part folds into a green tube; spadix 11 - 32 cm long, pistil 3 -4 cm long and 1.5 cm thick.
Fruits: Fleshy berry, globose or ovoid in shape, turns red when matures.

Notes:   Landscape uses such as parks and garden, pond / Lake / River

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Scientific name : Clitorea ternatea
Characteristic :
The most striking feature about this plant is the color of its flowers, a vivid deep blue; solitary, with light yellow markings. They are about 4 cm (1.6 in) long by 3 cm (1.2 in) wide. Some varieties yield white flowers.

The fruits are 5–7 cm (2.0–2.8 in) long, flat pods with six to ten seeds in each pod. They are edible when tender.

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Scientific name : Schizolobium parahyba
Characteristic :  The Tower Tree is a beautiful fern tree. This plant shape is open and tiered. The tree has enormous double-compound leaves that sometimes pass 6-7 ft in length.  Briefly sheds its leaves before flowering. Yellow flowers are borne in hairy, dense spikes. The fruit is a legume, obovate, leathery, dark brown, 10-15 cm long, with a seed, elliptical, bright and very hard.
Notes :  The seeds are used traditionally as beads and buttons.

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Scientific name : Sabal palmetto
Characteristic : They are borne on a prominately-arching midrib and may be 3 to 9 feet (1-3 m) long. Cabbage palmetto flower are perfect, showy, and creamy to yellowish white. They are borne in arching or drooping clusters. The fruit is a black, fleshy, drupe that contains a single brown spherical seed

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Scientific name : Cymbidium bicolor

Characteristic :  Pseudobulbs are laterally compressed with thick long leaves, up to 45cm long and 1.5cm wide. Each pendulous inflorescence not more than 25cm long, carries several fragrant flowers. Individual flowers measure 2.5 to 3cm in diameter. All floral parts are dark purple brown with a cream yellow margin.

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Scientific name : Thunbergia grandiflora
Characteristic : is a perennial, vigorous, climbing plant that can grow up to 15 m in height when supported by a host tree. The younger stems are green, hairy and quadrangular, turn brown and round shape when older.  The oppositely arranged leaves are borne on hairy stalks (pubescent petioles) 4-12 cm long. They are variable in shape, may be in heart- shape, triangular or roughly egg-shaped. The flower are in trumpet-shape, large and showy. The fruit is in capsule with a rounded base.

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Scientific name : Bucida buceras
Characteristic : small leaves, the barks grow like spring potato.
Note : can be used as bonsai

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Scientific name : Caesalpinia pulcherrima
Characteristic : The typical size is 5-8'. The stem branches and petioles are armed with sharp spines and the leaves are fernlike and twice compound, with many small, oval leaflets.

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Scientific name : Jacaranda mimosifolia
Characteristic :  The tree grows to a height of up to 20 m (66 ft). Its bark is thin and grey-brown in colour, smooth when the tree is young though it eventually becomes finely scaly.  The flowers are up to 5 cm (2.0 in) long, and are grouped in 30 cm (12 in) panicles.

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Scientific name : Casuarina equisetifolia
Characteristic : It is a tree with a rather open canopy, up to 40 m tall.  The true leaves are reduced to tiny scales held in whorls, surrounding grey-green needle-like twigs. . Flowers are unisexual/monoecious, inconspicuous, female in small axillary clusters, male in small terminal spikes.

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Scientific name : Calathea loeseneri
Characteristic : Star- shaped flower (7.5 cm wide). Consist white to pinkish, lance-shaped bracts that look like petals and inconspicuous, small, white flowers. It can grow large up to 1.5 m tall. Has underground horizontal stems known as ryzhomes. Large, oval-shaped leaves are light green with white to light green midrib. They are held erect by a long petiole (leaf stalk).

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Scientific name : Hibiscus mutabilis
Characteristic : Normally takes larger, multi-stemmed shrub up to 2.4 m tall. Large and double flowers are 10-15 cm wide.
It turn white or pink in the morning, and drastically become red in the evening. Large bright green leaves are 5 - 7 in (13 - 18 cm), hairy on the undersides and deeply lobed.

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Scientific name : Crossandra infundibuliformis.
Characteristic : The height can up from 1-8 ft, the width is up from 2-4 ft. The flower contain three color that is orange, red and yellow. Meanwhile the foliage color is blue or green. This plant can grows in fall bloom, spring bloom and winter bloom.
Notes : Attracts bird, good for containers and low maintenance.

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Scientific name : Allmanda cathartica
Characteristic :  Growth as woody evergreen vine that can up to 6 m in height.  The leaves can grow up to 16 cm long and 6 cm wide, whorls along the stems and are leathery  and oblong-lanceolate in shape. It have woody and twinning stem.

The yellow, funnel shaped flower borne in axillary cymes. While the shape of fruit is in the form of prickly capsules.
Notes : commonly sees along the roadside.

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Scientific name : Tabernaemontana divaricata
Characteristic : This plant have a small shrub with a broad surface and can grow up to 2 m tall. The foliage is dark green, glossy leaves are oval with a wavy leaf margin. Color is white, and 5 petals flower shaped like a pinwheels, also twisted to the left in counterclockwise direction. The fruit is an inconspicuous dry and hard pod.
Notes : Used in medicine.

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Scientific name : Cyrtostachys renda
Characteristic :  A clumping palm, up to 12 m tall, with characteristically bright red leaf sheaths (each about 60 cm long) around the stems. Cultivated as an ornamental palm for its attractive bright red stems and leaf stalks. Leaves are 1.5 m long and 0.6 m wide, have bright red stalks and mid-ribs and are pinnate and alternately-arranged. Each leaf consists of leaflets that are boat-shaped, slightly grey on the underside and about 45 cm long and 4 cm wide. Its branched flowering shoot is first green before turning to red, with two large spathes. Its branched flowering shoot is first green before turning to red, with two large spathes

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Scientific name : Chuniophoenix hainanensis
Characteristic : Is a very ornamental small and beautiful forest palm, unarmed, clustering with many stocky stems. It is a a pleonanthic, hermaphroditic or polygamodioecious.  Stems clustered, 4-5 m tall (but often less in cultivation) and 4-6(-10) cm in diameter, bare with deciduous leaf sheaths. The leaves up to 120 cm across, palmate. Flowers mostly solitary bisexual in small groups (simple cincinni) each subtended by a small, tubular bracts. Petals purple.

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Scientific name : Adonidia merrillii
Characteristic : A palm with a single, erect trunk. Mximun height is 5- 15 m tall. Trunk is grey with numerous circular leaf scars that are evenly spaced from top to bottom. The foliage is large, pinnately compound leaves are arched upwards but the leaflets droop downwards. The leafbases form a smooth, light green crownshaft that occurs above the trunk, but below the leaf blades. Flowers are arranged in groups of three (two male flowers and one female flower) in long, branched inflorescences known as panicles (0.6 m long). Large bunches of ovoid fruits are classified as drupes (3 cm long, 1.5 cm wide).

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Scientific name : Asplenium nidus

Characteristic : Epiphytic fern having a stout and erect rhizome, bearing a rosette of leaves at the top. Have large roots with many persistent brown root hairs.
Leaf stalks are stout and almost black, can be as long as 5 cm, leaf length can be up to 150 cm or more and up to 20 cm wide. It narrows gradually, tapering both towards the pointed tip and towards the base.
Notes : The sori are narrow, and occur on every vein of the top half of the frond. Spores are light brown, transparent when fresh and opaque when old.

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Scientific name : Rhapis excelsa

Characteristic :  Leaf segments are single or few in young plants and increase to a dozen or more in mature plants; segments are divided to the petiole. Leaf-ends are saw-toothed unlike most other palms, occurring on slender petioles ranging from 20 to 60 cm in length. New foliage emerges from a fibrous sheath which remains attached to the base.

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Scientific name : Bambusoideae
Characteristic : Bamboos are typically fast-growing perennials, with some species growing as much as 30 cm (1 foot) per day. The woody ringed stems, known as culms, are typically hollow between the rings (nodes) and grow in branching clusters from a thick rhizome (underground stem). Bamboo culms can attain heights ranging from 10-15 cm (about 4- 6 inches) in the smallest species to more than 40 m (about 130 ft) in the largest. While the narrow leaves on young culms usually arise directly from the stem rings, mature culms often sprout horizontal leaf-bearing branches. Most bamboos flower and produce seeds only after 12–120 years’ growth, and then only once in their lifetime; reproduction is largely vegetative. Some species spread aggressively and can form a dense undergrowth that excludes other plants.

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Scientific name : Zephyranthes candida
Characteristic : A shrub with grassy-like foliage and grows from 15-30 cm in height. Leaves are simple, entire, linear, parallel and deciduous. Usually starts blooming with beautiful white flowers after a rainfall. Flowers have six petals, which grows on stems, and are as tall as the foliage.

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Scientific name : Aglaonema commutatum
Characteristic : This is a herbaceous plant up to 1.2 m tall. Smooth leaves are narrowly triangular, gradually tapering to a long, soft tip.  They are green to dark green with large, silvery splotches that are arranged in an alternating banded pattern.

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Scientific name :  Platycerium coronarium
Characteristic : Growth Form: Large epiphytic fern (up to 3m long by 1.5m across when fully grown), with short and fleshy branched rhizome hidden in basin formed by upper fronds.

Habitat : Found perched on upper branches of mature trees (especially those with wide spreading crowns and sparser foliage) in lowland rainforests, mangrove forests and along roadsides.

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Scientific name : Nephrolepis exaltata
Characteristic : Sub-erect fern, with slightly drooping fronds, able to grow up to 60-90 cm tall and 0.5-1 m wide. The foliage are dagger-shaped fronds which are entire to slightly toothed, measuring about 50-150 cm long and 5-10 cm wide, pinnae arrangement alternate and each pinna measures about 3-8 cm long. Reproductive Parts (non-flowering plant): Sori round and arranged in 2 rows near the margins of the pinnae.

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Scientific name : Dracaena reflexa
Characteristic : The flower color is yellowish-green . Its height up to 6-15 ft (1.8-4.6 m) tall. These plant are rarely flower. The stems are silvery brown and painted with a scars form fallen leaves. These leaves are glossy that arch over and grow up to 1 ft long and a couple of inches or so wide.
Notes : It is a very low maintenance, hardy tropical plant.

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Scientific name : Ixora coccine
Characteristic : Vibrant red flowers grow in clusters on a rounded compact shrub. Tropical plant with glossy, vivid green foliage.  Each flower is very small and tubular, with four petals. It comes in a variety of brilliant colors like scarlet, orange, yellow and red. The style is forked at the tip, and protrudes slightly out of the corolla tube. The fruit is a berry containing 1-2 seeds.

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Scientific name : Zamioculcas zamiifolia
Characteristic :It is a herbaceous plant growing around 1 m tall.  Has a bold, tropical look with glossy, green leaflets arranged along upright stems.  The flower is a spathe type with a spadix that is not easily seen. The leaves are a fleshy type which are only a couple of inches in length and an inch or so wide.

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Scientific name :  Adenium obesum
Characteristic : Succulent shrub with a swollen base known as a caudex. Its showy, trumpet-shaped flowers that appear in festive shades of pink, white, purple, and red. It has a thick, swollen truck (that holds water during times of drought) and shiny, dark green leaves.
Notes :  In Africa, tribal peoples apply the toxic milky latex of this species to arrows.

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Scientific name : Allamanda  violacea
Characteristic : Is a large flowered evergreen hybrid variety that can grows up from  1.5 – 3 m high. The flower are purplish pink to violet, 5 cm to 6.5 cm wide with a yellowish tube. Leaves are deep green, simple, glossy, velvety, showy, aromatic, pointed edges. Stems covered with bristle-like hairs.
Notes : Poisonous

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Scientific name : Shorea macrophylla

Characteristic : The Engkabang trees are mostly found near the banks of the Rajang River. The trees producing these fruits are 50 metres tall and four metres in girth. The trees bear fruits every four to five years.

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Scientific name : Samanea saman
Characteristic :  Growth Form: Medium-sized leguminous tree, usually up to 30m tall in urban-scapes, may reach 60m in native range. Crown symmetrically umbrella-shaped, wide-spreading (up to as much as 80m across for mature specimens in open spaces), branching at relatively low height from tree base.
Flowers: Produced as dense powderpuff cluster with numerous filamentous stamens, pink above and white below, slightly fragrant, attractive to bees.

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Scientific name : Cinnamomum verum
Characteristic : Growth Form: Evergreen tree, able to grow up to about 8 - 17 m tall in its natural habitat.
Stems: Dark green adult leaves, ovate to elliptic, opposite arrangement, texture rather stiff, distinct 3 yellow veins from the base to the tip, leaf measuring about 5 - 18 cm long and 3 - 10 cm wide, young leaves tend to be reddish.
Flowers: Cream to white flowers borne on axillary and terminal panicle inflorescence, each flower about 3 mm wide, unpleasant smell.

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Scientific name : Mimusops elengi L.
Characteristic : Foliage: The leaves are thick, oblong, simple, and spirally arranged, between 5-12cm long and 3-6cm wide.
Flowers: The flowers are very small, about 1.2cm wide, creamy-white, star-shaped and borne in small clusters on the leaf axils. They are bisexual, with 8 white petals, each with two side lobes, joined into a star-like corolla with 24 points and they fall off as a ring. There are 8 fertile stamens, alternating with 8 staminodes.

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Scientific name : Zamia furfuracea

Characteristic : Growth Form: It is a cycad, with underground stem which slowly becomes aboveground with age.
Foliage: Leaves are green, 45 – 190 cm long and 10 – 30 cm wide, comprises of 8 – 18 pairs of leaflets and armed with small spines along the petiole and rachis. Leaflets are leathery, obovate to oblanceolate shaped, margin slightly toothed and covered in yellowish brown hairs

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Scientific name : Podocarpus

Characteristic  :Majority of the species are tall trees reading up to 40-60 m or more in height . Leaves alternate, linear to ovate 5-10 cm long, usually with a single mid vein and rarely with parallel veins. Fruit are purple, fleshy fruits are oval to round (1.3-2.5 cm long).
Notes : It grows best in full sun in slightly acidic, well-drained soils. It does not tolerate wet soils.

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Scientific name :  Clerodendrum thomsoniae
Characteristic : Is an evergreen liana growing to 4 m (13 ft) tall.  Flower consist of 5 dark red, ovate calyces and 4 white, obovate petals and 5 white, long stamens. The calyces form a pyramidal shape with the tips hanging downwards.  Smooth, dark green glossy leaves are elliptic with entire leaf margin. Fruits are drupe-like, black. Seeds oblong.

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Scientific name : Carmona retusa

Characteristic : This is medium-sized shrub to small tree, able to grow up to 1-3 m tall. Small white flowers (8-10 mm wide), sepals 4-5 and lanceolate in shape (3 -4 mm long), calyx lobes 4 - 5 (3-4 mm long). The deep green leaves are dainty and lustrous. They are covered with tiny hairs.  Fruit is a drupe, globose in shape, measuring 4 - 5 mm wide, red to brownish orange when ripen.

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Scientific name :  Acalypha

Characteristic : A semi-evergreen shrub that comes with colorful blends of copper, green, pink, yellow, orange and cream. Have a heart or oval shape. Can grow up to 6 -10 ft in height and a width of 4-8 ft.
Notes :  Also use for medicinal

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Scientific name : Buddleja

Characteristic : Deciduous shrub up to 15 ft tall with arching branches. Flower colors is typically light purple with orange centers, four-petaled, bell-shaped, and  grow at branch ends. Young stems are green, older stems have peeling, gray-brown bark. Leaves are usually 4-10 inches long and 1 -3 inches wide. Seed capsules split in two to release small, winged seeds

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Scientific name : Euphorbia milli

Characteristic : Typically grows up to 3-6 ft tall (90-180 cm) and spread up to 18-36 in wide (45-90 cm)Contain milky sap, multi branches. Stems obscurely 3 to 5 angled, greyish-brown, covered with many prominent grey spines. The flower usually red, pink, rarely white or yellow. Leaves are small, green, oval, alternately arranged, depending on the species either evergreen or deciduous.

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Scientific name : Caesalpinia pulcherrima

Characteristic : Shrub or small tree from ground hugging up to about 3 m tall , branches with small, furry but sharp thorns. The leaves bi-pinnate with small, oval leaflets about 2 cm long. The flower is orange, yellow and red combination with red long stamens. Fruit is hard brownish legume, 8-12 cm long, thin and flat.
Notes : poisonous

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Scientific name : Graptophyllum pictum
Characteristic : Herbaceous shrub with erect growth habit. The background color of the leaves varies from dark green to a metallic chocolate brown. Hairless, glossy leaves have an uneven, wrinkled leaf texture. Woody stem is light brown and cracked vertically. The flower is reddish purple-red, tubular and located near the stem tips in clusters (4 cm long, 1 cm wide).

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Scientific name : Dracaena surculosa Lindl.

Characteristic : Foliage: Leaves are smooth and leathery, about 7 - 12cm long, elliptical or ovate, with a mucronate apex. Young leaves are green with attractive yellow or golden variegation patterns, usually spots or blotches. They are arranged spirally at the growing tip of the stems. As the stem grows, the leaves mature and the yellow variegation fades to cream or white, and the internodes lengthen. Pairs of leaves may appear to be in opposite arrangement, while clusters of 3-4 leaves appear as whorls.
Flowers: Flowers are white, inconspicuous, about 1.5cm long, borne in a terminal globular cluster on a downward drooping peduncle which is about 8 to 15cm long.

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Scientific name :  Cananga odorata
Characteristic :  The flower is drooping, long-stalked, with six narrow, greenish-yellow (rarely pink) petals, rather like a sea star in appearance, and yields a highly fragrant essential oil

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Scientific name : Tristellateia australasiae

Characteristic :  Growth Form: It is a liana, up to 10 m tall or more.
Foliage: Its opposite, stalked leaves have somewhat papery leaf blades that are oblong-egg-shaped, and 6-12 by 4-7 cm.
Flowers: Its bright yellow-petalled flowers are 2-2.5 cm wide, borne on flowering shoots that are 10-30 cm long.

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Scientific name : Excoecaria cochinchinensis
Characteristic : Growth Form: Evergreen shrub, able to grow to 1 - 2 m tall.
Foliage: Leaves lanceolate in shaped, opposite arrangement, measuring about 7 - 10 cm long, green on the top and maroon underneath.
Flowers: Small green flowers in axillary or terminal racemes.

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Scientific name : Allamanda blanchetii

Characteristic : Growth Form: Evergreen climbing shrub that grows to 1.5 – 3 m high.
Foliage: Green elliptic leaves, about 10 cm – 20 cm wide, are arranged in whorls of four. Leaves are hairy with acuminate apex and entire leaf margin.
Stems: Stems covered with bristle-like hairs.
Flowers: Terminally borne flowers are purplish pink to violet, 5 cm to 6.5 cm wide with a yellowish tube.

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Scientific name : Catharanthus roseus
Characteristic : Growth Form: Semi-woody shrub, short-lived perennial which is sometimes grown as annual, able to grow up to 0.5 - 0.8 m tall.
Foliage: Leaves glossy dark green, oval in shape, opposite arrangement, measuring about 2.5 - 3.5 cm long.
Stems: Bruised or cut stems secrete milky-white sap.
Flowers: Tubular flowers red to light pink, with 5 flattened petal-like lobes

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Scientific name : Heliconia rostrata

Characteristic :
Flower Color: Yellow. The more conspicuous floral bracts are brilliant scarlet-red to pink and edged with yellow and green.
The inconspicuous, yellow flowers emerge from claw-shaped bracts on magnificent, up to 3 feet (0.9 m) long, pendent, zigzagged inflorescences.

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Scientific name : Dieffenbachia
Characteristic :
has a unique type of flower; a spathe and spadix make up the inflorescence (imperfect bloom). The spathe is green and often resembles an unfolding leaf. It persists for a long period of time. The spadix is erect, off-white in color, and is often hidden. The male flowers are near the tip of the spadix and the female flowers occur at the base.

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Scientific name :
Aglaonema commutatum

Characteristic : Growth Form: Herbaceous plant up to 1.2 m tall.
Foliage: Smooth leaves are narrowly triangular, gradually tapering to a long, soft tip.  They are green to dark green with large, silvery splotches that are arranged in an alternating banded pattern.

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Scientific name : Jatropha intergerrima

Characteristic : Growth Form: Evergreen woody shrub or small tree, able to grow up to about 4.5 m tall and with a spread of 2 - 3 m wide.
Foliage: Green leaves, oblong to obovate in shape and sometimes three-lobed,  simple and alternate arrangement, measuring about 10 - 20 cm long.
Flowers: Separate male and female flowers on the same plant, red in colour and measuring about 2.5 cm across, usually in clusters.

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Scientific name : Pereskia bleo
Characteristic : Growth Form: Perennial shrub up to 4m tall.
Foliage: Unlike other members of the cactus family (Family Cactaceae) which lack leaves or have tiny leaves which quickly fall off, this species has large leaves which remain on the plant. Green leaves are elliptic with wavy leaf margin. Leaf surface appears wrinkled with leaf blade bulging between veins.
Stems: The woody stems are heavily armed with dense clusters of black, needle-like spines.
Flowers: Orange-red, rose-like flowers are composed of about 10 obovate to oval petals. Bisexual flowers have a compact column of white stamens and styles in the centre.

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Scientific name :  Strophanthus gratus
Characteristic :  Growth Form: A woody vine which can reach a height of 25m, it can also be grown as a sarmentose shrub.
Foliage: The leaves are simple and glabrous.
Stems: The branches are dark coloured, glabrous and lenticillate.
Flowers: The flowers are borne on terminal cymes. The bisexual flowers have 5-lobed light pink petals and are fragrant.

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Scientific name :  Orthosiphon aristatus
Characteristic :Growth Form: Perennial herb up to 1 m tall.
Foliage: Dark green, smooth leaves are lighter green on the bottom with a toothed leaf margin (5 cm long, 2.5 cm wide).
Stems: Purplish stems are 4-sided and smooth.
Flowers: White, 2-lipped flowers are hairy with 5 cm-long, whisker-like stamens (male part producing the pollen). Flowers are arranged in a conical-shaped inflorescence (6-10 cm long).

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Scientific name :  Lantana camara
Characteristic :
Color:

White or Yellow turning orange, red or pink

Height:

1-5 ft.

Foliage:

Spiny, square stems; leaves simple, opposite or whorled, toothed, fragrant when crushed.

Flower:

1 to 2 in. tubular four parted white, red, pink, or yellow flowers in a flat-topped cluster on a long stalk. Flowers are fragrant; 0.3 in. orange or red fleshy berry-like drupe turns metallic blue or purple-black.

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Scientific name : Hydrangea macrophylla
Characteristic : Most plants in the hydrangeaceae family have large, simple, green leaves that are positioned in an opposite arrangement, which means that two leaves arise from one node on opposite sides of each stem.
Hydrangea flowers also typically have four to five petals. The flowers vary in color, with shades of blue, purple, pink, white and red. Some species of bigleaf hydrangeas (Hydrangea macrophylla) change color depending on the soil they’re growing in

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Scientific name : Sphagneticola trilobata
Characteristic : Its a herbaceous creeping perennial shrub, up to 70cm height, forms dense mounded mats over ground. Leaves glossy green, paler green below, with simple coarse white hairs, serrated margins, sometimes with a pair of lateral lobes. The stems rounded, rooting at nodes, stolons up to 2m in length or more. The flower are borne on solitary or branched inflorescences, ray florets yellow (8-13 per head), central disc florets yellow and tubular, flowers freely produced throughout the year in warm tropics.

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Scientific name : Wrightia religiosa

Characteristic : Growth Form: Shrub having an approximately flat top and grows up to 2 m tall.
Foliage: Thin, smooth leaves are light green, oval and have smooth edges (entire leaf margin). They are arranged in pairs (opposite) and lack petioles (sessile).
Flowers: Intensely fragrant, white flowers are composed of 5 obovate petals arranged in a star-like pattern. The black tipped stamens are fused together at the tip in a column. The flowers are arranged in small clusters in the leaf axils. This species flowers frequently throughout the year.

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Scientific name : Murraya paniculata
Characteristic : Growth Form: A fine textured, medium-sized shrub of about 2.5- 3.5 m tall.
Foliage: Leaves are evergreen, alternate, pinnate and about 2 - 3 cm long.
Stems: Multi-stemmed, but can be trained to also grow with a short, single stem.
Flowers: Flowers are white, year-round flowering and have a pleasant fragrance.

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Scientific name :  Dendrobium crumenatum
Characteristic : Growth Form: A sympodial, epiphytic, lowland orchid.
Foliage: The leaves are coriaceous, deciduous and lanceolate to elliptical in shape while being slightly notched at the leaf apex.
Stems: The multiple stems can grow up to 30cm in length which are basally enlarged, end off at slender tips and are covered with scarious sheaths 2 to 3cm long. The stems have a pendulous growth habit.
Flowers: The white flowers are fragrant with a yellow tinted throat and have a short lifespan, the flowers last less than a day.

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Scientific name : Plumeria
Characteristic : In the tropics some varieties can grow to a height of over 30 ft It is a shrubby or small plant with a vase-shaped canopy. Its leaves are strap-like, clustered at the end of branches.
The flowers are very fragrant, white with a small yellow center.

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Scientific name : Swietenia macrophylla
Characteristic :  Foliage: Leaves are asymmetric, simple pinnate compound, with 4-6 leaflets. Young leaves are pink or red, and gradually change to dark green when mature. Mature leaves are up to 20cm long.
Flowers: The tree produces small, fragrant, white flowers, which are held in inflorescences called panicles.
Fruits: When ripe, the fruits of the tree are dry hard woody capsules measuring up to 40 cm in length.

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Scientific name : Andira inermis
Characteristic : It is a slow growing medium to large-sized evergreen tree up to 25 m tall. The leaves are dark green in colour, large, pinnately-compound with oval leaflets and wavy margins. The flowers are small, pea-shaped, pinkish purple, clustered in large and dense 10 – 15 cm long terminal panicles. The fruit is round, hard, ripen from green to dark brown

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Scientific name : Mesua ferrea
Characteristic :  An evergreen tree that often planted as an ornamental for its fragrant white flowers that yield a perfume. It is a small to medium-sized evergreen tree up to 13 m tall, often buttressed at the base with a trunk up to 90 cm in diameter. It has simple, narrow, oblong, dark green leaves 7-15 cm long, with a whitish underside; the emerging young leaves are red to yellowish pink and drooping.  The flowers are 4-7.5 cm diameter, with four white petals and a center of numerous yellow stamens.
Notes : The flowers have many uses - they are used to make an incense and also used to stuff pillows in some countries

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Scientific name : Saraca Thaipingensis
Characteristic : Evergreen, medium, wide-spreading tree of between 7 to 20 m tall.The leaves are even-pinnate compound, with up to 8 pairs of large oblong leaflets. Young leaves purplish, maturing to cream-colored with purplish-red leaf edge and rachis, then green. Flowers  occur in dense clusters each of which is up to 40 cm broad and arises from trunk, stems or branches. Each flower is small, about 2 cm in diameter, initially pale yellow, turning deep yellow with a crimson eye-spot.

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Scientific name : Hopea odorata Roxb

Characteristic : Growth Form: A medium-sized to large evergreen tree with a conical-shaped crown. It usually reaches a height of 25-30 m, but sometimes attains 40 m. The girth can be up to 4.5 m.
Foliage: Alternate leaves are oblong to ovate-lanceolate with entire leaf margin, measuring about 7 - 14 by 3 - 7 cm, both surfaces glabrous, petiole measuring about 1.5 - 2 cm long. Prominent axillary domatia at the lower abaxial of leaf.

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Scientific name : Laburnum

Characteristic : They have yellow pea-flowers in pendulous leafless racemes 10–40 cm (4–15.5 in) long in spring.

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Scientific name : Peltophorum pterocarpum
Characteristic : Growth Form: A deciduous tree with a girth of up to 1m and grows to 15-25m tall. It is fast growing.
Crown: Tree form, umbrella-shaped with an open crown density.
Foliage: Leaves are bipinnate, 30-60cm long, with 16-20 pinnae. Each pinna has 20-40 oval leaflets, each 0.8-2.5cm long and 0.4-1.0cm long. Flowers are a bright yellow and grow in clusters on upright stalks.

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Scientific name : Lagerstroemia speciosa

Characteristic : Foliage: SImple, opposite, broadly ovate to oblong, somewhat leathery, with prominent abaxial veins. Young leaves emerge glossy red, turning to pinkish, light orange, light green and then finally green. Old leaves wither to orange-red before being shed. Tree is drought-deciduous, shedding leaves over a few days or gradually over a few months, depending on severity of dry period.
Flowers: Conspicuous, 5-7cm across; 6 petals, papery-wrinkled and crepe-like, pinkish-purple, fading white and shed 2-3 days later; central disc of stamens numerous, light yellow; pollinated by large bees.

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Scientific name :  Polyalthia longifolia

Characteristic :
Plant Shape :
Weeping / Pendulous, Columnar
Maximum Height :
15 m to 20 m

Note : For Garden uses , General, Roadside Tree / Palm, Hedge / Screening

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Scientific name :  Callistemon citrinus

Characteristic :  Callistemon citrinus, commonly called scarlet bottlebrush, lemon bottlebrush or red bottlebrush, is native to Australia. It is a large evergreen upright tropical shrub that will grow to 10-15’ tall in its native habitat.
Flowers feature numerous bushy bright red stamens in rounded to cylindrical spikes (to 4” long) that resemble bottlebrushes.

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Scientific name : Juniperus
Characteristic : An evergreen conifer shrub growing up to 20 m tall; branches ascending with branchlets straight or slightly curved. Conical form. The leaves are green, needle-like juvenile foliage are narrow, awl-shaped, about 8 mm long, in pairs or in three. The flowers are solitary, terminal.

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Scientific name : Agave angustifolia
Characteristic : The short woody stems of this species are usually less than 0.5 m tall and are mostly hidden by the leaves. Massive green flowering stems are eventually produced, which have alternately arranged bract-like leaves.

The massive flower clusters (1-2 m long) are borne at the top of a very robust flowering stem.

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Scientific name : Xanthostemon Chrysantus
Characteristics  : It is a spectacular, medium to large rainforest tree. The foliage have  a dense, spreading crown of handsome, dark green, glossy foliage and contrasting reddish new growth. The bark is rough and scaly. The flower is showy, dense clusters of golden yellow, fluffy flowers appear at the ends of the branches during summer, autumn and winter. Blooms attract nectar feeding birds. Plant flower at an early age.
Notes : Screening or specimen plant.

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Scientific name : Adenanthera pavonina
Characteristics :  Is a very fast-growing deciduous tree with a spreading crown of light, feathery foliage. It can reach a height of 6 - 20 metres with a bole up to 45cm in diameter. Older trees often have small buttresses, and multiple-stem trees can be quite common. The tree is usually only leafless for a few days each year. The tree is widely cultivated in the tropics for a wide range of uses. A very ornamental plant with fragrant, creamy flowers, it is often grown as a specimen and as a street tree. It is also grown as a timber crop, for its edible and medicinal uses, as a nurse crop for slower-growing species and as a shade tree for coffee and nutmeg.

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Scientific name : Eusideroxylon zwageri
Characteristics : Is a slow growing (0.5 cm per year) tall evergreen tree with a straight bole. The trunk has many small, rounded buttresses that give the base an elephant-foot like appearance. The trees leaves are dark green, simple, leathery, elliptical to ovate, 14–18 cm long and 5–11 cm wide and are alternate, rarely whorled or opposite, without stipules and petiolate.  The leaf blade is and occasionally with domatia in axils of main lateral veins.

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Scientific name : Senna siamea
Characteristis :  Medium-sized tree with a dense, rounded crown that becomes spreading and irregular at maturity. The foliage alternate leaves are pinnately compound with up to 24 pairs of oblong leaflets. Flowers are arranged in inflorescences known as racemes. It located at branch tips or in leaf axils. Trees begin to flower at 2 - 3 years of age.  Fruits are long, flattened pods with numerous ellipsoid seeds.

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Scientific name : Dillenia indica L.
Characteristics : It is a more or less deciduous tree, up to 30 m tall and 1.2 m in diameter.
The trunk its peeling and flaky bark is reddish brown in colour.
Th foliage its alternate, stalked leaves have toothed leaf blades that are 10-35 by 5-13 cm, with many parallel secondary veins.
Its flowers are 15-20 cm wide, with yellowish-green sepals, and white petals, opening at night and fading by noon. Its fruit is a round aggregate fruit, with persistent fleshy sepals, 10-15 cm in diameter.

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Scientific name : Fagrea Fragrans
Characteristics : Is a large evergreen tree in the family Gentianaceae. It is native to
Southeast Asia. Its trunk is dark brown, with deeply fissured bark, looking somewhat like a bittergourd. It grows in an irregular shape from 10 to 25m high. Its leaves are light green and oval in shape. Its yellowish flowers have a distinct fragrance and the fruits of the tree are bitter tasting red berries, which are eaten by birds and fruit bats.

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Scientific name : Fycus sycomorus
Characteristics : It grows to 20 m tall and has a considerable spread, with a dense round crown of spreading branches. The leaves are heart-shaped with a round apex, 14 cm long by 10 cm wide, and arranged spirally around the twig. They are dark green above and lighter with prominent yellow veins below, and both surfaces are rough to the touch. The petiole is 0.5–3 cm long and pubescent. The fruit is a large edible fig, 2–3 cm in diameter, ripening from buff-green to yellow or red. They are borne in thick clusters on long branchlets or the leaf axil. Flowering and fruiting occurs year-round, peaking from July to December. The bark is green-yellow to orange and exfoliates in papery strips to reveal the yellow inner bark. Like all other figs, it contains a latex.

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Scientific name : Bucida spinosa
Characteristics : Shrub or small tree, up to 7m height. Leaves small (0.6-2cm long x 0.5cm wide), glossy dark green above, lighter green below, young leaves reddish; leathery, produced in whorls at nodes, clustered at branch tips, semi-deciduous. Flowers tiny (0.5cm across), creamy white, in clusters. Fruits small clustered drupes (0.5cm), ovoid, angled, ripen from green to tan to brown in 2 months.Stiff spines found along stems and at base of leaves. Crown may be layered / tiered when plant is young, but becomes oval to round, denser and flattened out with age. Crown exhibits lacy silhouette due to horizontally-zigzag branching pattern.Slow-growing. Prefers frequent fertilization. Grown as bonsai (thereby known as Ming Tree in America), and suitable as specimen plants in containers.

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Scientific name :

Schizolobium parahyba

Characteristics : The mature tree typically has a straight trunk, up to 40 meters tall and 80 cm wide, that branches out only near the top. The bark is smooth and gray-green except by the scars left by fallen leaves. The leaves are bipinnate a metre or more in length, with a green stem and 30–50 opposite pinnae, each with 40–60 leaflets 2–3 cm long; they are clustered near the end of the branches, and fall off completely in the dry season.

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Scientific name : Duranta erecta L.
Characteristics : It is a large, evergreen shrub with multiple stems and hanging branches. It has a sprawling growth habit. The leaves are ovate with serrate to entire leaf margin (2.5 - 7.5 cm long). The flower are light purple, tubular flowers are 5-lobed (1.3 cm wide). Flowers are arranged in terminal or lateral clusters known as racemes (15 cm long). Fruits are golden, round to slightly elongated berries (1.3 cm wide). They occur in large, hanging clusters.

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Scientific name : Ophiopogon japonicus
Characteristics : It is a low-growing, clump-forming herbaceous plant up to 10 cm tall.
The foliage is narrow, linear leaves are dark green and glossy.
The flowers are white, bell-shaped flowers are arranged in spike-like inflorescences known as racemes.

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Scientific  name : Wrightia religiosa
Characteristics : This shrub having an approximately flat top and grows up to 2 m tall.
The foliage is thin, smooth leaves are light green, oval and have smooth edges (entire leaf margin). They are arranged in pairs (opposite) and lack petioles (sessile). The flower are intensely fragrant, white flowers are composed of 5 obovate petals arranged in a star-like pattern. The black tipped stamens are fused together at the tip in a column. The flowers are arranged in small clusters in the leaf axils. This species flowers frequently throughout the year.

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Scientific name : Kalanchoe pinnata
Characteristics : This is a herbaceous succulent shrub, up to 1.8m height.
The leaves is smooth, glossy, fleshy, with brownish crenate margins, from which plant produces new plantlets. Lower leaves simple, upper leaves compound with 3-7 leaflets held on long petioles.
Its flower attractive, bell-shaped, pendulous, held in large stalked panicles. The fruits are membranous follicles covered by persistent flower parts, with numerous seed.

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Scientific name : Syzygium myrtifolium
Characteristics  : It is a tree with a dense bushy crown, up to 20 m tall. The foliage its opposite, stalked leaves have leaf blades that are elliptic to lanceolate, about 7.5 cm long and 2.5 cm wide. Young leaves emerge reddish, turning red-brown then green. Its powderpuff-like flowers are cream to white in colour, borne on a branched inflorescence, up to 4 cm long.
The fruit s spherical to ellipsoid fruits are dark purple or black berries, about 9 mm wide.

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Scientific name : Cordyline fruticosa
Characteristics : It is upright growing shrub, able to grow up to 3-5 m tall. Have a lance-shaped leaves, dark purple with streaks of pink, measuring about 80 cm long. White to lavender small flowers borne in a panicle inflorescence measuring about 30 cm long. Fruit is a red berry.

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Scientific name : Bismarckia nobilis
Characteristics : Its a solitary palm, 6-12m tall and up to 5m across under cultivation.
Its trunk is single, grey, 30-45 cm thick, topped by crownshaft of persistent frond-sheath bases.
The foliage strikingly silver due to surface-bloom of silver-grey wax, fan-shaped, stiff and large (over 3m across when mature).
The flower plant is dioecious (separate male and female plants). Female plants produce inflorescences of small creamy-white flowers. The fruit is ovoid drupes, single-seeded, produced in large clusters on female palms

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Scientific name : Sansevieria trifasciata
Characteristics : Its an evergreen perennial plant forming dense stands, spreading by way of its creeping rhizome, which is sometimes above ground, sometimes underground. Its stiff leaves grow vertically from a basal rosette. Mature leaves are dark green with light gray-green cross-banding and usually range from 70–90 cm (28–35 in) long and 5–6 cm (2.0–2.4 in) wide, though it can reach heights above 2 m (6 ft) in optimal conditions.

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Scientific name : Monstera deliciosa
Characteristics : It is a large root climber. Leaves leathery, mid to dark green, 30 - 90cm wide, blades dissected and with perforations. Petioles flattened, to 1m long. The flower inflorescence to 25 (30)cm long, spathe white. Compound fruit to 30(40)cm long by 9 cm wide. Fruits hexagonal cells to 1 cm wide, tightly fitted together, edges loosening when ripe.

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Scientific name : Areca catechu
Characteristics : A single-stemmed, tropical palm with broad, glossy green, feather-shaped leaves that protrude from a green crownshaft and has a narrow, upright habit. The trunk are stem solitary, slender, prominently marked with annulated scars of fallen fronds, diameter 40 cm. The foliage fronds arching, semi-erect, pinnately-compound with 30-50 leaflets, curving inward with age with a few lowest leaflets often hanging, up to 2 m long.  Inflorescence multiple-branching, creamy-white, fragrant, emerging from the lowest leaf bases, up to 0.7 m long. Fruits ovoid, orange to scarlet when ripe with fleshy and fibrous layer, single-seeded, 5 to 10 cm long. Seeds brown, ovoid but flattened at one end.

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Scientific name : Licuala grandis
Characteristics : The foliage has very distinctive pleated, circular and undivided leaves with notched tips. The flower is bisexual(male and female on the same flower) inflorescent emerges from among the leaves.
The green fruits turn red when ripe. rounded and marble-like. Bears single seed inside.