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Sonny Boy Williamson was a seminal figure in the transformation of Delta country blues into Chicago urban blues. By 1940 he was recording with a drummer and his music was distinctive for its heavy, relentless beat, called by some "jump blues".

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Indie- an indie pop group, record label, or film company.
Esther Bigeou was an American vaudeville and blues singer. Billed as "The Girl with the Million Dollar Smile", she was one of the classic female blues singers popular in the 1920s. She was a part of an indie as the industry sought new talent into the recording studios, blues bars, and night clubs.

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Performers from the 'old' Blues formed a major part of the blacks migrating from the South- Mississippi and Arkansas being examples of Southern cities- to the Northern cities, like Chicago and New York, and Western cities, like San Francisco and El Pueblo de Nuestra Señora la Reina de los Ángeles del Río de Porciúncula (or just Los Angeles).

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The term Urban Blues came about between World War II and after. It was referred by a small music industries called indies who were in search for a newer genre of music to compete against pre-war music industry giants. And it was a success.

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-more sophisticated
-lighter texture
-migrated from West Coast where they fused their style with that of blues performers from Kansas cities and the Southwest

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Blues is mostly music adopted by Blue's singers and altered for their use. in 1932 Blue's music began to be included in the Library of Congress, beginning with Huddie "Leadbelly" Ledbetter. Many folklorists and Blues artist were added later.

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Blues performers adopted songs by revising the lyrics, changing the accompaniment and the tile. By modifying blues, the music became rock ´n´ roll and other music.

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-influenced the development of rock groups
-¨big bill¨ bronzy was the first to take the blues to europe
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Lowell Fulson , ¨Ivory" Joe Hunter, and Araron ¨T-Bone¨ Walker blues musicians developed during the Texan blues artist migration to the West coast and the Southwest.

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Delta blues is one of the earliest-known styles of blues music. It originated in the Mississippi Delta, a region of the United States stretching from Memphis, Tennessee, in the north to Vicksburg, Mississippi, in the south and from Helena, Arkansas, in the west to the Yazoo River in the east.

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The Library of Congress  sent out Folklorists to create recordings of blues and jazz music. Huddie "Leadbelly" Ledbetter became the first blues singer to record in the Library of Congress. Afterwards this influenced more blues singers to join, such as Willie Brown, Son House and many more.

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By: Tionna Solomon

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Alligator Records, founded in 1971 by Bruce Iglauer. holding urban blues artist such as, Tommy Castro, Curtis Salgado, Janiva Magness, Marcia Ball

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Willie "Rice" Miller (harmonica player)
Robert "Junior" Lockwood (guitarist)
James "Peck" Curtis
David "Honeyboy" Williams
"Little" Walter Jacobs
Muddy Waters

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jess

generally from west africa
notable artist - ali farka

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Delmark Records, founded in 1958 by Bob Koester is one of the longest standing blues record labels. Delmark is a champion of the Chicago blues scene

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The use of amplified guitars, harmonicas and a blues band.
Blues band consists of drums, piano and winds to the traditional blues accompaniment.

Winds- Ex. Trumpets, Trombones, Saxophone.

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Muddy Waters arrived to the city in 1943 and by 1948 he began recording with his electric blues band. He attracted the most talented men in the city; some that formed their own bands.

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Dixon was the architect of the "Chicago Blues". He infused the old downhome blues with elements of jazz, pop, spirituals, and gospel, producing a new modern sound. As a composer, he wrote songs for important blues singers such as Muddy Waters, Otis Rush, Little Walter, Bo Diddley, and Rolling Stones.

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By: Joelis Paula

Bessie Smith was born on April 15, 1894, and grew up in poverty Chattanooga, TN. Her first public appearance was when she was nine and was discovered by Ma Rainey, a great blues singer, who trained her. Smith then traveled throughout the South singing and was soon discovered by Clarence Williams, a representative from Columbia Records who signed her in 1923. Smith proceeds to making over 160 recordings and selling over 2 million copies. She focused on jazz with blues themes (defeats of love, poverty, oppression). Later in the decade her fame began to diminish as the choice of popular music was changing and her alcoholism affected her reputation. The "Empress of the Blues" died from injuries in a car crash in 1937.

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Smith, Bessie -- Britannica Online Encyclopedia