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Proposition: a statement or assertion that expresses a judgment or opinion.

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Proposition: a statement or assertion that expresses a judgment or opinion.

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Historical Context: An example of a proposition is the idea that the death penalty is a good way to stop crime. An example of a proposition is a suggestion for a change in the terms of company bylaws. An example of a proposition is a suggested expansion of a business.

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Third parties: a person or group besides the two primarily involved in a situation, especially a dispute.

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Third parties: a person or group besides the two primarily involved in a situation, especially a dispute.

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Historical Context: Third party (United States) Third party is a term used in the United States for American political parties other than the Republican and Democratic parties.

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Canvass: an act or process of attempting to secure votes or ascertain opinions.

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Canvass: an act or process of attempting to secure votes or ascertain opinions.

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Historical Context: Founded in 2008

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Straight ticket: voting or straight-party voting is the practice of voting for every candidate that a political party has on a general election ballot.

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Straight ticket: voting or straight-party voting is the practice of voting for every candidate that a political party has on a general election ballot.

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Historical Context:  to select "vote straight-ticket Democrat" and "vote straight-ticket Republican" that voters can check instead of voting for each race; states that do so include Alabama, Indiana,Kentucky, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Texas, Utah.

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Suffrage: the right to vote in political elections.

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Suffrage: the right to vote in political elections.

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Historical Context: Women's suffrage in the United States of America, the legal right of women to vote, was established over the course of several decades, first in various states and localities, sometimes on a limited basis, and then nationally in 1920.

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Interest groups: an organization of people who share a common interest and work together to protect and promote that interest by influencing the government

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Interest groups: an organization of people who share a common interest and work together to protect and promote that interest by influencing the government

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Historical Context: According to Madison, competing interest groups are necessary to good government because they not only give people a means of contributing to the democratic process but also prevent any one minority from imposing its will on the majority.

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Constituent: being a voting member of a community or organization and having the power to appoint or elect.

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Constituent: being a voting member of a community or organization and having the power to appoint or elect.

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Historical Context: Provincial assembly elections were held early in 1946. Constituent Assembly members were elected indirectly by members of the newly elected provincial assemblies, and initially included representatives for those provinces that formed part of Pakistan (some of which are now in Bangladesh).

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Referendums: a general vote by the electorate on a single political question that has been referred to them for a direct decision.

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Referendums: a general vote by the electorate on a single political question that has been referred to them for a direct decision.

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Historical Context: The 1967 referendum. On 27 May 1967, Australians voted in favor of changes to the Australian Constitution to improve the services available to Indigenous Australians. The changes focused on two sections of the Constitution, which discriminated against Aborigines.

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Initiatives: the ability to assess and initiate things independently.

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Initiatives: the ability to assess and initiate things independently.

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Historical Context:  The first state to adopt the initiative was South Dakota in 1898.

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Petitions: A formal written request, typically one signed by many people, appealing to authority with respect to a particular cause.

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Petitions: A formal written request, typically one signed by many people, appealing to authority with respect to a particular cause.

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Historical Context: To cross the first threshold and be searchable within WhiteHouse gov't, a petition must reach 150 signatures within 30 days. To cross the second threshold and require a response, a petition must reach 100,000 signatures within 30 days.

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Public opinion: Views prevalent among the general public.

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Public opinion: Views prevalent among the general public.

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Historical Context: Public opinion, an aggregate of the individual views, attitudes, and beliefs about a particular topic, expressed by a significant proportion of a community. ... Key defined public opinion in 1961 as “opinions held by private persons which governments find it prudent to heed.”

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Media: The main means of mass communication (broadcasting, publishing, and the Internet), regarded collectively.

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Media: The main means of mass communication (broadcasting, publishing, and the Internet), regarded collectively.

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Historical Context: The phrase "the media" began to be used in the 1920s. The notion of "mass media" was generally restricted to print media up until the post-Second World War, when radio, television and video were introduced.

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Lobbyists:a person who takes part in an organized attempt to influence legislators.

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Lobbyists:a person who takes part in an organized attempt to influence legislators.

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Historical Context: 1792: William Hull, one of the country's first lobbyists, is hired by the Virginia veterans of the Continental Army to lobby for additional compensation. 1850s: Gunmaker Samuel Colt, seeking to extend a patent, has lobbyists pass out pistols as gifts to lawmakers and to one member's 12-year-old son.

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Platform: a raised level surface on which people or things can stand.

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Platform: a raised level surface on which people or things can stand.

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Historical Context: The Omaha Platform, adopted by the founding convention of the party on July 4, 1892, set out the basic tenets of the Populist movement. The movement had emerged out of the cooperative crusade organized by the Farmer's Alliance in the1880s.

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Planks: any one of the stated principles or objectives comprising the political platform of a party campaigning for election 

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Planks: any one of the stated principles or objectives comprising the political platform of a party campaigning for election 

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Historical Context: Max Karl Ernst Ludwig Planck, FRS (/plɑːŋk/; 23 April 1858 – 4 October 1947) was a German theoretical physicist whose discovery of energy quanta won him the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1918.

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Precincts: a district of a city or town as defined for police purposes

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Precincts: a district of a city or town as defined for police purposes

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Historical Context: The number of voters in precincts varies considerably throughout the US. According to the federal US Election Assistance Commission, there were 174,252 precincts and 113,754 polling places in the 2004 US presidential election, with an average of approximately 800 voters per precinct.

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Two party system: a party system where two major political parties dominate the government

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Two party system: a party system where two major political parties dominate the government

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Historical Context: The development of Hamilton's Federalists and Jefferson's Democratic- Republican party set the course for the two party system in American politics. ... Proponents of the political parties believe that they provide a unified and cohesive voice so that a specific slate of issues can be heard.

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Anti-federalist:  a movement that opposed the creation of a stronger U.S. federal government and which later opposed the ratification of the 1787 Constitution.

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Anti-federalist:  a movement that opposed the creation of a stronger U.S. federal government and which later opposed the ratification of the 1787 Constitution.

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Historical Context: Notable Anti-Federalist Patrick Henry, Samuel Adams, George Mason, Richard Henry Lee, Robert Yates, James Monroe. Amos Singletary.

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Federalists: a person who advocates or supports a system of government in which several states unite under a central authority.

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Federalists: a person who advocates or supports a system of government in which several states unite under a central authority.

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Historical Context: Hamilton and his associates, typically urban bankers and businessmen, then formedthe Federalist Party to promote their shared political ideas. Federalists believed in a centralized national government with strong fiscal roots. In addition, the Federalistsfelt that the Constitution was open for interpretation.

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Conservative: holding to traditional attitudes and values and cautious about change or innovation, typically in relation to politics or religion.

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Conservative: holding to traditional attitudes and values and cautious about change or innovation, typically in relation to politics or religion.

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Historical Context: The modern conservative school of thought can be traced to the 18th century British philosopher Edmund Burke and his 1790 work Reflections on the Revolution in France. ... Society is 'organic,' or real, rather than just an abstraction created by the musings of philosophers.

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Liberal: open to new behavior or opinions and willing to discard traditional values.

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Liberal: open to new behavior or opinions and willing to discard traditional values.

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Historical Context: Liberalism started to spread rapidly especially after the French Revolution. The 19th century saw liberal governments established in nations across Europe, South America and North America.

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Republican: a person advocating or supporting republican government.

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Republican: a person advocating or supporting republican government.

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Historical Context: By February 1854, anti-slavery Whigs had begun meeting in the upper midwestern states to discuss the formation of a new party. One such meeting, in Wisconsin on March 20, 1854, is generally remembered as the founding meeting of the Republican party.

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Democrat: an advocate or supporter of democracy.

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Democrat: an advocate or supporter of democracy.

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Historical Context: The Democratic Party is the oldest political party in the United States and among the oldest political parties in the world. It traces its roots to 1792, when followers of Thomas Jefferson adopted the name Republican to emphasize their anti-monarchical views.