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A group of Uyghurs in traditional clothing

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Uyghur man in traditional clothing, playing a tambur, a traditional Uyghur instrument

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Population in China: 3556
Language used: Tatar, Russian, Mandarin
Place settlement: China Xinjiang
Clothing: made from leather, woolen or camel cloth
- Men: traditional clothing consists of trousers, a shirt, a long and wide belt, a vest, a jacket, a long coat, a hat or fez, and leather boots, wear headdresses
- Women: most important piece of female clothing is a headdress, braid their hair in 2 braids, wear beautiful triangle amulets

Religion: Islam
History:
- from the Tang Dynasty (618-907), when the Tatar tribe was ruled by the nomadic Turkic Khanate in northern China. As this state fell into decline, the Tatars grew in strength, and their name was used to refer to several tribes in the north after the Tang Dynasty. Their homeland was later annexed by Mongols, and when the Mongols pushed west, many Central Asians and Europeans called them Tatars
- in the mid-13th century, Batu, the grandson of Genghis Khan, established the Golden Horde Khanate in Central Asia. It began to decline in the 15th century, and the Kashan Khanate began to rise on the middle reaches of the Volga River and in areas along the Kama River. The rulers of the Kashan Khanate, to boast their strength, began calling themselves Tatars, the sons of the Mongols.
- Tatar gradually became the recognised name for the inhabitants of Kashan Khanate. Today's Tatar ethnic group was formed through a mixture of the Baojiaer people, Kipchacks and Mongolians over a long period.
Traditions and Culture:
- Ramadan Festival
-> Eid al-Fitr, Feast of Breaking the Fast'
-> also called Lesser Eid or Eid
-> The religious holidayis celebrated by Muslims worldwide because it marks the end of the month-long dawn-to-sunset fasting of Ramadan.
- Corban Festival
-> an important festival for Muslims
-> also calledZaishengjiewhile or Zhongxiaojie(festival of faith and obedience)
-> Muslims gather at major mosques and other public places and have grand ceremonies and celebrations. They prepare livestock beforehand, the livestock should be healthy camels, oxen or sheep, and the choice depends on one's financial condition. The meat will be separated into three parts. One part is for the family itself, one for relatives and friends and the rest part for charity
- Saban Festival
-> summer festival that dates back to the Volga Bulgarian epoch. Sabantuy was a festival of farmers in rural areas, but it later became a national holiday and now is widely celebrated in the cities. In 2012, Kazan Sabantuy was celebrated on June 23

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Population in China: over 10million
Language used:
Mandarin Chinese, Manchu, Russian
Place settlement: manchuria
Clothing:
Both men's and women's outer wear included a full length robe with a jacket or a vest. Short coats and trousers were to be worn underneath the robes. Men often wore hats no matter the season, and women wore a traditional headdress on formal occasions.
Religion: Manchu shamanism, Buddhism, Chinese folk religion and Roman Catholicism
History:
-descended from the Jurchen people who earlier established the Jin dynasty (1115–1234) in China
-population grew from about 1 million in 1750 to 5 million in 1850 and to 14 million in 1900, largely because of the immigration of Chinese farmers
-By the late 16th century, Nurhachi, an outstanding leader of the Jurchens in Jianzhou, unified the various tribes of the Jurchens, with the Jurchens as the core, and absorbed other ethnic groups, such as the Ewenki, Oroqen, Xibe, Hezhe, Daur, etc.  A national community with ancestors as the main body.
-After Nurhaci's death, his ninth son, Huang Taiji, became emperor in 1635, and set the October 13th of the lunar calendar as the Golden Festival. Later, Jin was changed to Daqing, and the Jurchen tribe was changed to Manzhu or Manchu tribe.  word still not appearing
-It was not until the birth of New China in 1949 that it was officially called Manchu.
-In 2000, the Manchu population in Beijing was 250,000, only less than the Han nationality, ranking second in the city.  At that time, Beijing Manchus accounted for only 2% of the country's Manchu population.Beijing is the second hometown of the Manchus.
Traditions and Culture:
-dragon boat festival(purpose of keeping off disasters and pests instead of memorizing Qu Yuan )
-Banjin festival (Manchus celebrated the Banjin festival on the 13th day the 10th lunar month, a memorial day for the birth and naming of the Manchu ethnic minority)
-spring festival(people will paste Spring Couplets, paper cuts, and portraits of Door Go, and wear pouches)
-Though the Manchus once had their own language, a Tungusic language that used the Mongolian script
-The qipao dress, for instance, was a Manchu fashion that was made sexy during the 1920s

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Population in China: 11millions
Language used: Hmong
Place settlement: Wuling Mountains
Clothing: Miaofu- Maintaining the traditional craftsmanship of Chinese folk weaving, embroidery, picking and dyeing.
->Man: There are five to eleven cloth buttons on the placket, with buttonholes on the left placket and buttons on the right placket. The front of the jacket is straight and the back is curved; the left and right armpits are split. The textures of men's jackets are generally home-woven, khaki, woven Gongni and Shilin cloth. The colors are mostly blue, navy blue, and blue to match it; the bottoms are generally home-woven trousers with large trousers. Young and middle-aged people often wear tunic suits, and some young people like suits.
->Women: Women's casual tops generally fall into two categories: right-sided tops and collarless chest cross tops. The structure of the top with the right quilt is roughly the same as the top with the left gusset in the men's tops, but the direction is opposite. The collarless cross-dress on the chest is called "Edbad" (Edbad, which means male clothing, that is, men's clothing). The texture of Miao women's clothing is generally home-woven cloth, corduroy, velvet, weaving Gongni, Shilin cloth, etc. The colors are generally blue, blue and other colors.

Religion: primitive religion
History:
-Miao people originated from Chi You
-According to the Tang dynasty myth, the Miao who descended from the Jiuli tribe led by Chiyou were defeated at the Battle of Zhuolu by the military coalition of Huang Di and Yan Di, leaders of the Huaxia tribe as the two tribes struggled for supremacy of the Yellow River valley
-During the founding of the People's Republic of China, the Miao played an important role in its birth when they helped Mao Zedong to escape the Kuomintang in the Long March with supplies and guides through their territory
Traditions and Culture:
-Living by the Mountains and Rivers
-Traditional Farming Preserved
-Clothing that Integrates Both Nature and Culture
-Miao New Year
->Celebrated at different times of year in different regions
->usually in the period from the ninth to the eleventh month of the Chinese lunar calendar(lasting 5 to 15 days)
->Lusheng performances: often held in the 'Lusheng Hall', first by a little boy, followed by other players together. Young girls and boys wearing new and magnificent Miao costumes, bedecked in silver ornamentation, dance to the music. Miao girls entertain guests from afar with homemade rice wine
-Visiting the neighbouring villages: strengthen understanding, friendship, and cooperation between different villages
-Worshiping ancestors: mainly attended to by elders of the villages, and they offer fresh fruit and meat to their ancestors to express respect and remembrance

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Population in China: 12.8 million
Language used: Uyghur ئۇيغۇر تىلى
Place settlement: the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region in Northwest China
Clothing: the chapan (long coat that is worn over the clothes during the winter months)and the doppa
Religion: Predominantly Sunni Islam, historically Buddhism, Muslim
History:
- Modern etymological explanations for the name Uyghur range from derivation from the verb "follow, accommodate oneself" and adjective "non-rebellious" (i.e., from Turkic uy/uð-) to the verb meaning "wake, rouse or stir"
- the people whom old Russian travelers called "Sart" (a name they used for sedentary, Turkish-speaking Central Asians in general), while Western travelers called them Turki, in recognition of their language
- the group formed after the collapse of the Uyghur Khaganate in 840, when the local residents of the Tarim Basin and its surrounding areas were merged with migrants from the khaganate.
- The Uyghurs are recognized by the Chinese government as a regional minority and the titular people of Xinjiang
Traditions and Culture:
- Tarim mummies: remains of an ancient people inhabiting the region, but research into the genetics of ancient Tarim mummies and their links with modern Uyghurs remains problematic, both to Chinese government officials concerned with ethnic separatism and to Uyghur activists concerned the research could affect their indigenous claim
- different names calling: they called themselves Sarts in front of Kazakhs and Kyrgyz while they called themselves "Chantou" if asked about their identity after first identifying as a Muslim.The term "Chantou" (纏頭; Ch'an-t'ou, meaning "Rag head" or "Turban Head") was used to refer to the Turkic Muslims of Xinjiang, including by Hui (Tungan) people. These groups of peoples often identify themselves by their originating oasis instead of an ethnicity

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Population in China: 8,659
Language used: Oroqen
Place settlement: northern Chinese provinces of Heilongjiang and Inner Mongolia
Clothing: animal fur and skins for clothing
Religion: Shamanism, Buddhism
History:
- Mainly hunters in the past, now many of them have given up hunting and adhered to laws that aimed to protect wildlife in the PRC. The government has provided modern dwellings for those who have left behind the traditional way of life. The Oroqen are represented in the People's Congress by their own delegate and are a recognized ethnic minority.
- The endonym oroqen means "people who keep reindeer, reindeer herder(s)."
- originally lived in the vast area south of the Outer Khingan Mountains and north of Heilongjiang
- once formed part of the ancient people known as the Shiwei
- During the Japanese occupation of Manchuria, the Oroqen suffered a significant population decline until only 1,000 remained.
Culture:
- Marriage: exogamous, only marriages among members of different clans being permitted.
Traditional dwelling: sierranju 斜仁柱:
- covered in the summer with birch bark and in the winter with deer furs
- conical forms and are made out of 20 to 30 pine sticks
- about six meters in diameter and five meters in height
-  In the centre a fire is placed that serves as a kitchen, as well as a source of lighting
"birch bark" culture:
- Birch bark is an important raw material in the traditional culture alongside the furs to serves for the preparation of containers of all types, from the manufacture of cradles to boats

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Refer link: www.china.org.cn/english/features/EthnicGroups/136953.htm
Population in China: 241,198
Language used: Tu and Han
Place settlement: Gansu and Qinghai, Northwestern part of China
Clothing: wear shirts with delicately designed embroidered collars whose colors are bright and well blended
- Men: dress in cloth robes, putting on high-collared fur gowns with waist belts in winter, felt hats with brocade brims
- Women: jackets are tilted in the front with sleeves made up of five different kinds of cloth, sometimes slip on a sleeveless garment done in black, indicating formal attire
Religion: Lamaism

History:
- claim to be "Mongguer" (Mongolians) or "Chahan Mongguer" (White Mongolians) gives expression to the close relations that existed between the early Tus and the Mongolian ethnic
- In September 1949 the Tu people ushered in their liberation with great jubilation. With the help of the central government in Beijing, they did away with the reactionary social system and set up an administration of their own
Traditions and Culture:
- Herders and Farmers Economically: livestock breeders, especially of goats and sheep (due to the abundance of water and grass in the fertile mountainous area that they inhabited)
- well known among the locals for their expertise in animal husbandry: According to historical documents, they began to familiarize themselves with farming at least from the early period of the Ming Dynasty
- “Biangbiang Dance” Traditional Folk dance to pray for fortune

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Population in China: 430,000
Language used: Mandarin, Sui
Place settlement: China Guizhou and Guangxi, Vietnam
Clothing: advocate navy blue and black
- Men: wear blue cloth to wrap their heads
- Women: wear blue cloth trousers, like to wear bibs with quinoa patterns, and there are lace decorations around the mouths of their trousers.
Religion: Animism, Buddhism, Taoism
History:
- descended from the ancient Baiyue, or “Hundred Yue,” a varied group of indigenous peoples living in southern China before the Han Dynasty
- are believed to be related to the ancient Luoyue, or Lạc Việt, who spread out across southern Guangxi and northern Vietnam during the Bronze Age
- live primarily along the Long and Duliu rivers. Additionally, water plays a part in Sui customs, beliefs, and language.
- the Sui language has over ten words for “fish"
- practiced slash-and-burn agriculture
- more efficient farming equipment during the Ming Dynasty, however, the Sui were able to greatly increase their harvest and, in turn, their economic standing
Traditions and Culture:
- Duan festival
-> similar to Chinese New Year
-> offer sacrifices to their ancestors, watch horse races, sing, dance, and eat fish
-> occurs after the transplanting of rice seedlings on the tenth month of the Sui calendar. Mao Day is celebrated in the Libo Country villages of Shuili, Yaoqing, Shuirao, Shuipu, and Yongkang. Antiphonal-style choirs sing traditional Sui love songs during this festival. However, by tradition married women are not allowed to perform in the choirs
-> horse racing game during Duan Festival celebrations

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Naadam- a traditional festival held throughout the country during midsummer

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Population in China: 6,290,204
Language used: Mongolian language
Place settlement: Mongolian Plateau, Inner-Mongolia
Clothing:
Deel-The deel looks like a large overcoat when not worn. Instead of buttoning together in the middle, the sides are pulled against the wearer's body, the right flap close to the body with the left covering. On the right side of the wearer are typically 5 or 6 clasps to hold the top flap in place. There is one clasp below the armpit, three at the shoulder, and either one or two at the neckline.
Religion: Buddhists
History:
-In various times Mongolic peoples have been equated with the Scythians, the Magog, and the Tungusic peoples.
-The Mongols are formed by many nomadic peoples in ancient times.
-A nomadic confederation occupying eastern Mongolia and Manchuria. The Donghu neighboured the Xiongnu, whose identity is still debated today.
-Chinese histories trace only Mongolic tribes and kingdoms (Xianbei and Wuhuan peoples) from them, although some historical texts claim a mixed Xiongnu-Donghu ancestry for some tribes (e.g. the Khitan).

Traditions and Culture:
-Golden Eagle Festival
->held in October
->organized by the Mongolian Eagle Hunters’ Association
->attracts large number of tourists and photographers
->**the Eagle Hunters’ clothing, horse ornaments, archery
-Gobi Desert Camel Festival
->2-day events and competitions
->6 and 7 March, annually
->one of the biggest celebrations and festivals the Gobi desert nomads prepare and excitedly wait
->a significant influence on the value of the camels
-Naadam
->11-13/7
->traditional festival celebrated in Mongolia, Inner Mongolia and Tuva Republic
->the most widely watched festival among Mongols
->3 games: Wrestling, Horse racing, Archery

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Population in China: 6.3 million
Language used: tibetic languages, Chinese languages
Place settlement: tibet
Clothing: Tibetan rope
-characterized by big garment front, long sleeves, loose waist, and a large lapel
-rimmed with pulu, silk or other leather laces at the collar, cuff, front edge and lower hem
While the men stick to a white shirt, the women wear brightly colored clothes with turned down collars. The long sleeves are commonly tied together. But in big gathering or parties, they will let the sleeves fly when wearing Tibetan rope, just like a beautiful butterfly.
Religion: Buddhism
History: -the Tibetan people originated from the union of a monkey and a female demon.
7th-9th century   Namri Songtsen and descendants began to unify Tibetan-inhabited areas and conquer neighbouring territories, in competition with China.

1244 - Mongols conquer Tibet. Tibet enjoys considerable autonomy under Yuan Dynasty.

1949 - Mao Zedong proclaims the founding of the People's Republic of China and threatens Tibet with "liberation".
Late 1970s - End of Cultural Revolution leads to some easing of repression, though large-scale relocation of Han Chinese into Tibet continues.
2008 March - Anti-China protests escalate into the worst violence Tibet has seen in 20 years, five months before Beijing hosts the Olympic Games.
2014 June - The Tibetan government-in-exile launches a fresh drive to persuade people across the world to support its campaign for more autonomy for people living inside the region.
Traditions and Culture:
-tsampa (Flour milled from roasted barley )

-Tibetan music often involves chanting in Tibetan or Sanskrit as an integral part of the religion. These chants are complex, often recitations of sacred texts or in celebration of various festivals.
-The Tibetan folk opera known as (Ache) Lhamo "(sister) goddess", is a combination of dances, chants and songs. The repertoire is drawn from Buddhist stories and Tibetan history.
-Tibetan festivals such as Losar, Shoton, the Bathing Festival and many more are deeply rooted in indigenous religion, and also contain foreign influences
-Tibetan Domestic animals(yak, mastiff, lhasa apso)

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Tibetan mastiff

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Celebrating bathing festival

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Manchu clothing

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Banjin festival