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What is Postmodernism? (See links below for "What is Modernism?" and "What is Postmodernity?")

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What is Postmodernism? (See links below for "What is Modernism?" and "What is Postmodernity?")

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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1VjMzRcEW90

Carlos Alcedo

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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GYov7UhFj3o

Carlos Alcedo

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1. Multiple perspectives: Many modernist writers wrote in the first person perspective with multiple characters to emphasize the subjectivity of each character, and add depth to the story by presenting a variety of viewpoints.

2. Free verse: Many modernist poets rejected the traditional structure of poetry and opted for free verse, which lacks a consistent rhyme scheme, metrical pattern, or musical form.

3. Literary devices: Many modernist writers rely on literary devices like symbolism and imagery to help the reader understand the writing, and to create a stronger connection between the text and the reader.

4. Experimentation: Modernist literature employed a number of different experimental writing techniques that broke the conventional rules of storytelling. Some of those techniques include blended imagery and themes, absurdism, nonlinear narratives, and stream of consciousness—which is a free flowing inner monologue.

5. Individualism: Modernist literature typically focuses on the individual, rather than society as a whole. Stories follow characters as they adapt to a changing world, often dealing with difficult circumstances and challenges.

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1. Embrace of randomness. Postmodern works reject the idea of absolute meaning and instead embrace randomness and disorder. Postmodern novels often employ unreliable narrators to further muddy the waters with extreme subjectivity and prevent readers from finding meaning during the story.

2. Playfulness. While modernist writers mourned the loss of order, postmodern writers revel in it, often using tools like black humor, wordplay, irony, and other techniques of playfulness to dizzy readers and muddle the story.

3. Fragmentation. Postmodernist literature took modernism’s fragmentation and expanded on it, moving literary works more toward collage-style forms, temporal distortion, and significant jumps in character and place.

4. Metafiction. Postmodern literature emphasized meaninglessness and play. Postmodern writers began to experiment with more meta elements in their novels and short stories, drawing attention to their work’s artifice and reminding readers that the author isn’t an authority figure.

5. Intertextuality. As a form of collage-style writing, many postmodern authors wrote their work overtly in dialogue with other texts. The techniques they employed included pastiche (or imitating other authors’ styles) and the combination of high and low culture (writing that tackles subjects that were previously considered inappropriate for literature).

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Author Ernest Hemingway is one of the most famous authors in American literature, known for his novels and short stories that make economical use of adjectives, and matter-of-fact observations. His short stories “Indian Camp” (1924) and “Hills Like White Elephants” (1927) both exemplify Hemingway’s modernist style.

Carlos Alcedo

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Beckett’s “theatre of the absurd” emphasized the disintegration of narrative. In the play Waiting for Godot (1953), Beckett creates an entire existential narrative featuring two characters who contemplate their day as they wait for the ambiguous Godot to appear. However, he never arrives, and his identity is not revealed.
Postmodernism Author

Carlos Alcedo

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This 1922 long poem features (as it must) in our pick of Eliot’s best poems, and it’s one of the landmark works of modernist literature – perhaps the most important poem in all of modernism.
In the poem, T. S. Eliot draws on personal experience (his first marriage, his knowledge of London, his convalescence following some sort of nervous breakdown) but transmutes it into something universal and, in his word, ‘impersonal’ – a poem that spoke for an entire genere.

Carlos Alcedo

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Thomas Pynchon’s Gravity’s Rainbow (1973) is the poster child of postmodern literature, using a complex, fragmented structure to cover various subjects such as culture, science, social science, profanity, and literary propriety. The Crying of Lot 49 (1965) employs a significant amount of silly wordplay, often within contexts of seriousness.

Carlos Alcedo

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After learning about these periods of literature, I am left with the idea of the great writings of English literature with their advanced techniques to capture the readers' attentions. Postmodernism brings us a change to everything stylized and advanced as a response to the new generations where the common stories does not attract our attention.