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Britannica School

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Welcome to Britannica School, a safe, up-to-date, and age-appropriate information resource for Elementary, Middle, and High School.

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Podcast: Play in new window | Embed

Be Woke Presents Black History in Two Minutes (or so)

Black women and their commitment to freedom and equality has often been minimized in history books. However, with black women standing at the front of each decade, the intersectionality of gender, sexual orientation, and class has become a point of grave importance. Working through the Civil Rights era and beyond, black women were instrumental in increasing awareness on a diverse pool of relevant issues.

In the 1970s, black women forced the nation to understand the duality of being a woman and black. Angela Davis, Alice Walker, and Toni Morrison pushed a narrative that required people to understand gender thought the context of race.

In this series of Black History In Two Minutes or So hosted by Henry Louis Gates Jr., with additional commentary from Brittney Cooper of Rutgers University, we'll dive deeper into how black feminism paved the way for modern movements and the black experience as we know it.

Black History in Two Minutes (or so) is a 2x Webby Award winning series.

If you haven't already, please review us on Apple Podcasts! It's a helpful way to for new listeners to discover what we are doing here: Podcast.Apple.com/Black-History-in-Two-Minutes/

Archival Materials Courtesy of:
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Getty Images
The Combahee River Collective
Holt McDougal
Random House

Executive Producers:
Robert F. Smith
Henry Louis Gates Jr.
Dyllan McGee
Deon Taylor

Produced by:
William Ventura
Romilla Karnick

Music By:
Oovra Music

Follow Black History in Two Minutes on Facebook

Follow Black History in Two Minutes on Instagram

Subscribe to Black History in Two Minutes Youtube Channel

'Black History in Two Minutes' is also available on Apple and Google podcasts.

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Black Feminism | Black History in Two Minutes (or so)

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Black women and their commitment to freedom and equality has often been minimized in history books. However, with black women standing at the front of each decade, the intersectionality of gender, sexual orientation, and class has become a point of grave importance.

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National Museum of African American History and Culture

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In October 1966, Huey P. Newton and Bobby Seale founded The Black Panther Party for Self-Defense and drafted the Ten Point Platform and Program. Their rallying cry was and is, "All power to the people!" Read More

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The year 1968 marked a turning point in the African American freedom movement. The struggle for African American liberation took on new dimensions, recognizing that simply ending Jim Crow segregation would not achieve equality and justice.

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Electrified by the rhetoric of Malcolm X, founding members Huey P. Newton and Bobby Seale created an organization aimed at protecting the Black community from racism and violence. And thus, the Black Panther Party for Self-Defense was founded in Oakland, Calif., in October of 1966.

While history tends to focus on the violence of this group, their influence was more in-depth. From social programs, to community outreach, there was a genuine interest in the practical advancement for African-Americans, while serving and protecting the community from police brutality.

Hosted by Henry Louis Gates Jr. - with additional commentary Hasan Jeffries and Kathleen Cleaver - we look at how the Black Panther movement uplifted the black community in ways often untold.

Archival Materials Courtesy of:
Alamy Images
Black Panther stock footage courtesy of Third World Newsreel
Getty Images

Executive Producers:
Robert F. Smith
Henry Louis Gates Jr.
Dyllan McGee
Deon Taylor

Music By:
Oovra Music

Be Woke presents is brought to you by Robert F. Smith and Deon Taylor.

Follow Black History in Two Minutes on Facebook
https://www.facebook.com/blackhistoryintwominutes/

Follow Black History in Two Minutes on Instagram
https://www.instagram.com/blackhistoryintwominutes/

Subscribe to Black History in Two Minutes Youtube Channel
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCYYNgeK89XFPu-7qUm8edqg

'Black History in Two Minutes' is also available on Apple and Google podcasts.

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The Birth of the Black Panthers - BLACK HISTORY IN TWO MINUTES

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Electrified by the rhetoric of Malcolm X, founding members Huey P. Newton and Bobby Seale created an organization aimed at protecting the Black community from racism and violence. And thus, the Black Panther Party for Self-Defense was founded in Oakland, Calif., in October of 1966.

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What we don’t learn about the Black Panther Party — but should

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What we don’t learn about the Black Panther Party — but should

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Newsela Article

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Newsela | What we don't learn about the Black Panther Party - but should

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Textbooks inaccurately cover the Black Panther Party

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"Mother dear, may I go downtown

And march the streets of Birmingham

In a Freedom March today?"

"No, baby, no, you may not go,

For the dogs are fierce and wild,

And clubs and hoses, guns and jails

Aren't good for a little child."

"But, mother, I won't be alone.

Other children will go with me,

And march the streets of Birmingham

To make our country free."

"No, baby, no, you may not go,

For I fear those guns will fire.

But you may go to church instead

And sing in the children's choir."

She has combed and brushed her night-dark hair,

And bathed rose petal sweet,

And drawn white gloves on her small brown hands,

And white shoes on her feet.

The mother smiled to know her child

But that smile was the last smile

To come upon her face.

For when she heard the explosion,

Her eyes grew wet and wild.

She raced through the streets of Birmingham

Calling for her child.

She clawed through bits of glass and brick,

Then lifted out a shoe.

"O, here's the shoe my baby wore,

But, baby, where are you?"

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Ballad of Birmingham by Dudley Randall | Poetry Foundation

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Britannica School

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Welcome to Britannica School , a safe, up-to-date, and age-appropriate information resource for Elementary, Middle, and High School.

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Britannica School

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Enter the Access ID and Passcode provided by your school to access Britannica School.

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Written in the 1920s

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A poet, novelist, fiction writer, and playwright, Langston Hughes is known for his insightful, colorful portrayals of black life in America from the twenties through the sixties and was important in shaping the artistic contributions of the Harlem Renaissance.

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In this poem from 1969 Giovanni imagines being a singer.

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I, too, sing America.

I am the darker brother.
They send me to eat in the kitchen
When company comes,
But I laugh,
And eat well,
And grow strong.

Tomorrow,
I'll be at the table
When company comes.
Nobody'll dare
Say to me,
"Eat in the kitchen,"
Then.

Besides,
They'll see how beautiful I am
And be ashamed-

I, too, am America.

From The Collected Poems of Langston Hughes, published by Knopf and Vintage Books. Copyright © 1994 by the Estate of Langston Hughes. All rights reserved. Used by permission of Harold Ober Associates Incorporated.

About Langston Hughes

"I, Too" is from The Collected Poems of Langston Hughes, published by Knopf and Vintage Books. Copyright © 1994 by the Estate of Langston Hughes. All rights reserved. Used by permission of Harold Ober Associates Incorporated.

A poet, novelist, fiction writer, and playwright, Langston Hughes is known for his insightful, colorful portrayals of black life in America from the twenties through the sixties and was important in shaping the artistic contributions of the Harlem Renaissance.

About Langston Hughes

Droning a drowsy syncopated tune,
Rocking back and forth to a mellow croon,
I heard a Negro play.
Down on Lenox Avenue the other night
By the pale dull pallor of an old gas light
He did a lazy sway . . .
He did a lazy sway . . .
To the tune o' those Weary Blues.

The instructor said,

Go home and write
a page tonight.
And let that page come out of you-
Then, it will be true.

I've known rivers:
I've known rivers ancient as the world and older than the
flow of human blood in human veins.

My soul has grown deep like the rivers.

I dreamed that I was a rose
That grew beside a lonely way,
Close by a path none ever chose,
And there I lingered day by day.
Beneath the sunshine and the show'r
I grew and waited there apart,
Gathering perfume hour by hour,
And storing it within my heart,

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1960

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Studio portrait of a young couple, he seated, she with hand on his shoulder.

Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture, Photographs and Prints Division, The New York Public Library. [Studio portrait of a young couple, he seated, she with hand on his shoulder.] New York Public Library Digital Collections.

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teach this poem: "the bean-eaters" by gwendolyn brooks

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Teach This Poem: "The Bean-Eaters" by Gwendolyn Brooks

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Produced for K-12 educators, Teach This Poem features one poem a week from our online poetry collection, accompanied by interdisciplinary resources and activities designed to help teachers quickly and easily bring poetry into the classroom.

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Nikki-Rosa by Nikki Giovanni | Poetry Foundation

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childhood remembrances are always a drag

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TrueFlix

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the sixties: how music shaped a decade - cnn video

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From Jimi Hendrix to Merle Haggard, music shaped the way the world reacted to the events of the 1960s.

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Story highlights

Can you imagine pregnancy being a fireable offense? How about job security hinging on your weight or the softness of your hands? What if you couldn't open a bank account or establish a line of credit unless you had a husband to cosign for you? What if you had the grades to attend a school like Princeton, but your gender kept you on the other side of those hallowed, ivy-covered halls?

It was not so long ago that this was the reality for women. If you're 45 or older, you were born into this world.

When President John F. Kennedy established the Commission on the Status of Women in 1961, he appointed Eleanor Roosevelt as chairwoman. In a televised 1962 discussion with Roosevelt, Kennedy stated, "We want to be sure that women are used as effectively as they can to provide a better life for our people, in addition to meeting their primary responsibility, which is in the home."

This was a mixed message, effectively telling women, "Go! Learn! Flourish! Do! ... but also, have babies and put your husband's needs before your own."

But you can thank the nation's real-life Peggy Olsons for beginning to roar at this time. Have a look back at five surprising things women could not do in the 1960s:

1. Get a credit card: In the 1960s, a bank could refuse to issue a credit card to an unmarried woman; even if she was married, her husband was required to cosign. As recently as the 1970s, credit cards in many cases were issued with only a husband's signature. It was not until the Equal Credit Opportunity Act of 1974 that it became illegal to refuse a credit card to a woman based on her gender.

2. Serve on a jury: It varied by state (Utah deemed women fit for jury duty way back in 1879), but the main reason women were kept out of jury pools was that they were considered the center of the home, which was their primary responsibility as caregivers. They were also thought to be too fragile to hear the grisly details of crimes and too sympathetic by nature to be able to remain objective about those accused of offenses. In 1961, the Supreme Court unanimously upheld a Florida law that exempted women from serving on juries. It wasn't until 1973 that women could serve on juries in all 50 states.

Longing for the carefree parenting style of yesterday?

3. Go on the birth control pill: Issues like reproductive freedom and a woman's right to decide when and whether to have children were only just beginning to be openly discussed in the 1960s. In 1957, the FDA approved of the birth control pill but only for "severe menstrual distress." In 1960, the pill was approved for use as a contraceptive. Even so, the pill was illegal in some states and could be prescribed only to married women for purposes of family planning, and not all pharmacies stocked it. Some of those opposed said oral contraceptives were immoral, promoted prostitution and were tantamount to abortion. It wasn't until several years later that birth control was approved for use by all women, regardless of marital status. In short, birth control meant a woman could complete her education, enter the work force and plan her own life.

What 'The Pill' did

4. Get an Ivy League education:

Yale and Princeton didn't accept female students until 1969. Harvard didn't admit women until 1977 (when it merged with the all-female Radcliffe College). With the exception of the University of Pennsylvania, which began accepting women on a case-by-case basis in 1876, and Cornell, which admitted its first female student in 1870 (also offering admission under special circumstances), women couldn't attend Ivy League schools until 1969 at the earliest. Brown (which merged with women's college Pembroke), Dartmouth and Columbia did not offer admission to women until 1971, 1972 and 1981, respectively. Other case-specific instances allowed some women to take certain classes at Ivy League institutions (such as Barnard women taking classes at Columbia), but by and large, women in the '60s who harbored Ivy League dreams had to put them on hold.

5. Experience equality in the workplace: Kennedy's Commission on the Status of Women produced a report in 1963 that revealed, among other things, that women earned 59 cents for every dollar that men earned and were kept out of the more lucrative professional positions. When the 1964 Civil Rights Act was going through Congress, an amendment made it illegal to discriminate on the basis of gender as well as race. When the amendment was not taken seriously regarding women in the workplace, the National Organization of Women was founded to enforce full equality for women in truly equal partnership with men.

For example, NOW challenged several of the now-defunct airline Pan Am's rules, including the following: Stewardesses had to meet a certain height requirement, maintain a set weight, resign if they got married, maintain soft hands and face mandatory retirement at age 32. That all ended when Title VII of the Civil Rights Act prohibited such instances of discrimination.

It wasn't just NOW fighting for women's rights.

When journalist and activist Gloria Steinem went undercover as a Playboy Bunny one year before the Civil Rights Act, she exposed the exploitative environment for women at the Playboy Club. Steinem reported their wages and detailed the sexual demands of the male clientele. When Steinem's expose was published, Playboy founder Hugh Hefner changed the working conditions of those women for the better.

BONUS: Talk openly about sex: Helen Gurley Brown's "Sex and the Single Girl" presented the notion that it was OK - even enjoyable - for a woman to live on her own, have her own money, have sexual relationships before marriage or even - wait for it - never marry at all!

It wasn't until publication of Betty Friedan's "The Feminine Mystique" that women's dissatisfaction with life and frustration over lack of opportunities came to light.

"A woman today has been made to feel freakish and alone and guilty if, simply, she wants to be more than her husband's wife," said Friedan.

Today, far fewer people give credence to the notion of a woman existing for the sole purpose of being the husband's helpmate.

Just this week, sales soared when LEGO released a playset featuring three female scientists.

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5 things women couldn't do in the 1960s | CNN

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Can you imagine pregnancy being a fireable offense? How about job security hinging on your weight or the softness of your hands? What if you couldn't open a bank account or establish a line of credit unless you had a husband to cosign for you?

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Peace March. Thousands Oppose Vietnam War,  1967/04/18

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Peace March. Thousands Oppose Vietnam War,  1967/04/18

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This newsreel from 1967 has very dramatic music!

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Peace March. Thousands Oppose Vietnam War, 1967/04/18 : Free Download, Borrow, and Streaming : Internet Archive

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Antiwar demonstrators protest in Central Park, march to UN building, included students and hippies and priests and nuns, burn draft cards, shouted...

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A statement from President Lyndon Johnson, 1965

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close window

Why We are in Viet-Nam

The President's News Conference of July 28, 1965

My fellow Americans:

Not long ago I received a letter from a woman in the Midwest. She wrote:

Dear Mr. President:

In my humble way I am writing to you about the crisis in Viet-Nam. I have a son who is now in Viet-Nam. My husband served in World War II. Our country was at war, but now, this time, it is just something that I don't understand. Why?

Well, I have tried to answer that question dozens of times and more in practically every State in this Union. I have discussed it fully in Baltimore in April, in Washington in May, in San Francisco in June. Let me again, now, discuss it here in the East Room of the White House.

Why must young Americans, born into a land exultant with hope and with golden promise, toil and suffer and sometimes die in such a remote and distant place?

The answer, like the war itself, is not an easy one, but it echoes clearly from the painful lessons of half a century. Three times in my lifetime, in two World Wars and in Korea, Americans have gone to far lands to fight for freedom. We have learned at a terrible and a brutal cost that retreat does not bring safety and weakness does not bring peace.

It is this lesson that has brought us to Viet-Nam. This is a different kind of war. There are no marching armies or solemn declarations. Some citizens of South Viet-Nam at times, with understandable grievances, have joined in the attack on their own government.

But we must not let this mask the central fact that this is really war. It is guided by North Viet-Nam and it is spurred by Communist China. Its goal is to conquer the South, to defeat American power, and to extend the Asiatic dominion of communism.

There are great stakes in the balance.

Most of the non Communist nations of Asia cannot, by themselves and alone, resist the growing might and the grasping ambition of Asian communism. Our power, therefore, is a very vital shield. If we are driven from the field in Viet-Nam, then no nation can ever again have the same confidence in American promise, or in American protection.

In each land the forces of independence would be considerably weakened, and an Asia so threatened by Communist domination would certainly imperil the security of the United States itself.

We did not choose to be the guardians at the gate, but there is no one else.

Nor would surrender in Viet-Nam bring peace, because we learned from Hitler at Munich that success only feeds the appetite of aggression. The battle would be renewed in one country and then another country, bringing with it perhaps even larger and crueler conflict, as we have learned from the lessons of history.

Moreover, we are in Viet-Nam to fulfill one of the most solemn pledges of the American Nation. Three Presidents--President Eisenhower, President Kennedy, and your present President--over 11 years have committed themselves and have promised to help defend this small and valiant nation.

Strengthened by that promise, the people of South Viet-Nam have fought for many long years. Thousands of them have died. Thousands more have been crippled and scarred by war. We just cannot now dishonor our word, or abandon our commitment, or leave those who believed us and who trusted us to the terror and repression and murder that would follow.

This then, my fellow Americans, is why we are in Viet-Nam.

Source:

Lyndon B. Johnson, " The President's News Conference of July 28, 1965," No. 388, Public Papers of the Presidents of the United States: Lyndon B. Johnson, 1965, Book 1 ( Washington, D.C.: GPO, 1966), pp. 794 - 795.

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close window Why We are in Viet-Nam The President's News Conference of July 28, 1965 My fellow Americans: Not long ago I received a letter from a woman in the Midwest. She wrote: Dear Mr. President: In my humble way I am writing to you about the crisis in Viet-Nam.

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National Vietnam War Memorial Virtual Wall

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National Vietnam War Memorial Virtual Wall

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The wall lists the name of all the 58,300 US soldiers who died in the Vietnam War.

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The Vietnam Veterans Memorial Wall in Washington DC honors those who died in the Vietnam War. Their relatives and friends leave letters, poems, and photographs at the Vietnam Veterans Memorial and on this web site. We bring the Vietnam Veterans Memorial to your home to help remember the sacrifices of the fallen and their families.

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Vietnam Veterans Memorial Wall - The Virtual Wall (TM)

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The Vietnam Veterans Memorial Wall in Washington DC honors those who died in the Vietnam War. Their relatives and friends leave letters, poems, and photographs at the Vietnam Veterans Memorial and on this web site. We bring the Vietnam Veterans Memorial to your home to help remember the sacrifices of the fallen and their families.

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Newsela Article

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Activism is people joining together to fight for change.

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Newsela Article

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Protest music makes more attentive listeners, raises spirits, and gives an identity and visibility to activism.

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The Equal Rights Amendment That Almost Was

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The Equal Rights Amendment That Almost Was

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Newsela Articel

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Newsela | The Equal Rights Amendment That Almost Was

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The many black women who helped to build the civil rights movement

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The many black women who helped to build the civil rights movement

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Newsela Article

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Newsela | Heroes of the civil rights movement were not all men

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The important role of black women in the civil rights movement was often overlooked.

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Newsela Article

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Shirley Chisholm's historic run for president

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Shirley Chisholm's historic run for president

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Newsela Article

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Newsela is an Instructional Content Platform that supercharges reading engagement and learning in every subject.

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National Geographic Kids

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Born on November 30, 1924, Shirley Chisholm was the first African-American woman to serve in the United States Congress. An early education expert from New York City, Chisholm began working with local political organizations and in 1964 won a seat on the New York state legislature, representing her Brooklyn neighborhood. Four years later, she was elected to the U.S. House of Representatives.

Chisholm was outspoken and brave. Instead of accepting her seat on the Agriculture Committee-even though she represented people from a city-she complained to leaders until they reassigned her to an education committee. When she was blocked from television debates after she decided to run for president (the first African-American woman to do so), she sued. She fought for equal rights for women, minorities, immigrants, and the poor.

Serving seven terms (14 years) in Congress, Chisholm helped open up opportunities for people like President Barack Obama and Senator Elizabeth Warren. But she said she didn't want to be remembered as the first woman or African American to do something. She wanted to be remembered as someone who "had guts." She died on January 1, 2005.

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Born on November 30, 1924, Shirley Chisholm was the first African-American woman to serve in the United States Congress. An early education expert from New York City, Chisholm began working with local political organizations and in 1964 won a seat on the New York state legislature, representing her Brooklyn neighborhood.

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won't you celebrate with me by Lucille Clifton

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won't you celebrate with me by Lucille Clifton

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1991

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Lift Every Voice and Sing by James Weldon Johnson

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Lift Every Voice and Sing by James Weldon Johnson

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1917

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(A Prayer from God's Trombones)

O Lord, we come this morning
Knee-bowed and body-bent
Before Thy throne of grace.
O Lord-this morning-
Bow our hearts beneath our knees,
And our knees in some lonesome valley.
We come this morning-
Like empty pitchers to a full fountain,
With no merits of our own.
O Lord-open up a window of heaven,
And lean out far over the battlements of glory,
And listen this morning.

Lord, have mercy on proud and dying sinners-
Sinners hanging over the mouth of hell,
Who seem to love their distance well.
Lord-ride by this morning-
Mount Your milk-white horse,
And ride-a this morning-
And in Your ride, ride by old hell,
Ride by the dingy gates of hell,
And stop poor sinners in their headlong plunge.

And now, O Lord, this man of God,
Who breaks the bread of life this morning-
Shadow him in the hollow of Thy hand,
And keep him out of the gunshot of the devil.
Take him, Lord-this morning-
Wash him with hyssop inside and out,
Hang him up and drain him dry of sin.
Pin his ear to the wisdom-post,
And make his words sledge hammers of truth-
Beating on the iron heart of sin.
Lord God, this morning-
Put his eye to the telescope of eternity,
And let him look upon the paper walls of time.
Lord, turpentine his imagination,
Put perpetual motion in his arms,
Fill him full of the dynamite of Thy power,
Anoint him all over with the oil of Thy salvation,
And set his tongue on fire.

And now, O Lord-
When I've done drunk my last cup of sorrow-
When I've been called everything but a child of God-
When I'm done traveling up the rough side of the mountain-
O-Mary's Baby-
When I start down the steep and slippery steps of death-
When this old world begins to rock beneath my feet-
Lower me to my dusty grave in peace
To wait for that great gittin'-up morning-Amen.

O brothers mine, take care! Take care!
The great white witch rides out to-night.
Trust not your prowess nor your strength,
Your only safety lies in flight;
For in her glance there is a snare,
And in her smile there is a blight.

The great white witch you have not seen?
Then, younger brothers mine, forsooth,
Like nursery children you have looked
For ancient hag and snaggle-tooth;
But no, not so; the witch appears
In all the glowing charms of youth.

Her lips are like carnations, red,
Her face like new-born lilies, fair,
Her eyes like ocean waters, blue,
She moves with subtle grace and air,
And all about her head there floats
The golden glory of her hair.

But though she always thus appears
In form of youth and mood of mirth,
Unnumbered centuries are hers,
The infant planets saw her birth;
The child of throbbing Life is she,
Twin sister to the greedy earth.

And back behind those smiling lips,
And down within those laughing eyes,
And underneath the soft caress
Of hand and voice and purring sighs,
The shadow of the panther lurks,
The spirit of the vampire lies.

For I have seen the great white witch,
And she has led me to her lair,
And I have kissed her red, red lips
And cruel face so white and fair;
Around me she has twined her arms,
And bound me with her yellow hair.

I felt those red lips burn and sear
My body like a living coal;
Obeyed the power of those eyes
As the needle trembles to the pole;
And did not care although I felt
The strength go ebbing from my soul.

Oh! she has seen your strong young limbs,
And heard your laughter loud and gay,
And in your voices she has caught
The echo of a far-off day,
When man was closer to the earth;
And she has marked you for her prey.

She feels the old Antaean strength
In you, the great dynamic beat
Of primal passions, and she sees
In you the last besieged retreat
Of love relentless, lusty, fierce,
Love pain-ecstatic, cruel-sweet.

O, brothers mine, take care! Take care!
The great white witch rides out to-night.
O, younger brothers mine, beware!
Look not upon her beauty bright;
For in her glance there is a snare,
And in her smile there is a blight.

Sometimes the mist overhangs my path,
And blackening clouds about me cling;
But, oh, I have a magic way
To turn the gloom to cheerful day-
I softly sing.

And if the way grows darker still,
Shadowed by Sorrow's somber wing,
With glad defiance in my throat,
I pierce the darkness with a note,
And sing, and sing.

I brood not over the broken past,
Nor dread whatever time may bring;
No nights are dark, no days are long,
While in my heart there swells a song,
And I can sing.

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(A Prayer from God's Trombones) O Lord, we come this morning Knee-bowed and body-bent Before Thy throne of grace. O Lord-this morning- Bow our hearts beneath our knees, And our knees in some lonesome valley. We come this morning- Like empty pitchers to a full fountain, With no merits of our own.

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1977

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These Poems These poems they are things that I do in the dark reaching for you whoever you are and are you ready? These words they are stones in the water running away These skeletal lines they are...

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Be nobody's darling;
Be an outcast.
Take the contradictions
Of your life
And wrap around
You like a shawl,
To parry stones
To keep you warm.
Watch the people succumb
To madness
With ample cheer;
Let them look askance at you
And you askance reply.
Be an outcast;
Be pleased to walk alone
(Uncool)
Or line the crowded
River beds
With other impetuous
Fools.

Make a merry gathering
On the bank
Where thousands perished
For brave hurt words
They said.

But be nobody's darling;
Be an outcast.
Qualified to live
Among your dead.

Last updated July 15, 2015

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be nobody's darling by alice walker

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Be nobody's darling; Be an outcast. Take the contradictions Of your life And wrap around You like a shawl, To parry stones To keep you warm. Watch the people succumb To madness With ample cheer; Let them look askance at you And you askance reply.

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eBook by multiple authors

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Tinker v. Des Moines : the right to protest in schools

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Tinker v. Des Moines : the right to protest in schools

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eBook by Marcia Amidon Lústed

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eBook by Rebecca Rissman

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A Woman in the House (and Senate) : how women came to Washington and changed the nation

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A Woman in the House (and Senate) : how women came to Washington and changed the nation

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eBook. Articles on various women of the 1960s begin on page 56.

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eBook by Duchess Harris

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We Rise, We Resist, We Raise  Our Voices

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We Rise, We Resist, We Raise  Our Voices

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eBook by Cheryl Willis Hudson,

Wade Hudson.

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eBook by Jim Haskins

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eBook by Duchess Harris

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eBook by Emma Carlson Berne

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Magazine article about songs of the 1960s

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Important User Information: Remote access to EBSCO's databases is permitted to patrons of subscribing institutions accessing from remote locations for personal, non-commercial use. However, remote access to EBSCO's databases from non-subscribing institutions is not allowed if the purpose of the use is for commercial gain through cost reduction or avoidance for a non-subscribing institution.

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Important User Information: Remote access to EBSCO's databases is permitted to patrons of subscribing institutions accessing from remote locations for personal, non-commercial use. However, remote access to EBSCO's databases from non-subscribing institutions is not allowed if the purpose of the use is for commercial gain through cost reduction or avoidance for a non-subscribing institution.

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Video-performance from 1974. Song released 1969

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Sly & The Family Stone "Stand!" LIVE on U.S. TV 7/74

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Released 1964

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Sam Cooke - A Change Is Gonna Come (1964) HQ

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James Brown-Say It Loud, I'm Black And I'm Proud / If I Ruled The World (1968)

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James Brown-Say It Loud, I'm Black And I'm Proud / If I Ruled The World (1968)

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James Brown - Say It Loud, I'm Black And I'm Proud / If I Ruled The World (1968)

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Ed Sullivan Show - 1968.

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Stevie Wonder - For Once In My Life [Ed Sullivan Show - 1968]

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Pete Seeger & Judy Collins – Turn, Turn, Turn (1966)

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Pete Seeger & Judy Collins – Turn, Turn, Turn (1966)

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Anti-war folk singers

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Pete Seeger & Judy Collins – Turn, Turn, Turn (1966)

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1967

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Aretha Franklin - Respect [1967] (Aretha's Original Version)

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1966-very well known Vietnam War protest song

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Buffalo Springfield - For What It's Worth (Official Audio)

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Top of the Pops 1965

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I Got You Babe - Sonny and Cher Top of the Pops 1965

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1965

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1971 but addresses many issues

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Released 1968

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1969

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Fortunate Son - CCR (added UH-1 Huey Effect)

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1970

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Ike and Tina Turner-Land of 1,000 Dances

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Ike and Tina Turner-Land of 1,000 Dances

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1969

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Ike & Tina Turner   Land Of 1000 Dances Very Good  quality   No mpg4 resolution Live, 1969