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A Forensic Scientist examining broken glass at a crime scene  GClark

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Type of packaging they use for
glass evidence
JSilva

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This is a picture of someone who was murdered. This was one of a famous case for glass evidence.  Jsilva

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The way you can collect a shard of glass that could be the murder weapon is by putting on some gloves so you don't contaminate the evidence and carefully pick it up and put it in a evidence bag so it can be tested at the lab Aiden Warren.

# data[].attributes.subject
The way you can collect a shard of glass that could be the murder weapon is by putting on some gloves so you don't contaminate the evidence and carefully pick it up and put it in a evidence bag so it can be tested at the lab Aiden Warren.

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This little boy was murdered with a shard of glass brutally before his mothers eyes Aiden Warren. 

# data[].attributes.subject
This little boy was murdered with a shard of glass brutally before his mothers eyes Aiden Warren. 

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A Saudi little boy, while on a pilgrimage to the holy city of Medina with his Shia mother, has been barbarously killed for unknown reasons, fueling speculations that he could have been a sectarian and hate crime victim, media reports say.

According to what circulated on social media, Zakariya Bader al-Jabir - said to be six or seven years old - was savagely murdered by a taxi driver in front of his mother late last month.

The New Arab website says his mother's recitation of salutations for the family of Prophet Mohammed (PBUH) outraged the taxi driver who, according to "witnesses", broke the window of his car, before grabbing the "seven-year-old" boy by the back of his shirt and slitting his throat in front of his mother.

The Muslim Vibe website's account is also similar to that of the New Arab. It says the mother and the child had taken a taxi on their way to al-Masjid al-Nabawi Mosque in the middle of the day, when the driver "pulled over the car, got out, and forced the boy out of the car near a coffee shop in the al-Tilal neighborhood."

"The taxi driver then broke a glass bottle to obtain a shard of glass, which he then used to cut the throat of the child and stab him," the report said.

The Muslim Vibe has quoted onlookers as saying a policeman who happened to be stationed nearby had also attempted to stop the man from attacking the child but was unsuccessful in saving the boy. The policeman restrained the man until police backup was called.

But there is no concrete evidence of any of this; the boy was killed, but the motivation behind the attack remains unknown, and no details of the alleged killer have emerged.

A human rights NGO, Shia Rights Watch, narrates the story of the "six-year-old" boy in another way:

"The mother and her son took cab to visit the shrine of Prophet Muhammad in Medina. An unknown man approached them and asked the mother if she is Shia when they arrived at the shrine, the woman said yes. Minutes after this conversation a car stopped by the woman and pulled the child away from her and attacked him with a broken piece of glass," the report said, quoting activists as saying.

The Saudi Gazette website also quotes informed sources as saying that the assailant was a 35-year-old man sitting in a coffee shop in al-Tilal neighborhood and went out when he saw the young boy walking in front of him in the company of his mother.

"The sources said the killer quickly grabbed the boy from the hands of his mother, broke a bottle he found near the coffee shop and stabbed him. The boy had ordered a meal from a nearby restaurant and was going to collect it when the man saw him," the report said.

"The sources said the mother was a heart patient working in Jeddah and she had come to Madina with her son to pray at the Prophet Muhammad's Mosque."

The Shia community of Saudi Arabia later gathered in mourning and showed solidarity with the parents. The community also reported this incident was "a result of ongoing violations and lack of protection by the Saudi authority toward its Shia population," the Shia Rights Watch reported.

Videos went viral earlier this week, purportedly showing the dead body of the little boy in a mosque, where Shia cleric Sheikh Amri is mourning his death and making a speech to a group of people gathering around the body. The cleric tries to console the father and then leads the funeral prayer of the boy.

"This young child reminds us of Karbala. Zakariya is also the victim of Harmala. May Allah grant him paradise with the infant of Imam Hussein (AS)," the cleric is heard saying in one video, referring to the story of the martyrdom of third Shia Imam, Hussein ibn Ali, and his family members, including his infant Ali-Asghar, in Karbala.

While Saudi Arabia has been quick to claim mental health issues on the part of the taxi driver as an explanation for why the boy was murdered, locals have claimed this was an act of sectarianism because the boy was from a Shia Muslim background, and point to the fact that many crimes against the Shia minority of Saudi Arabia have been committed before.

On the contrary to claims of mental health problem, which were apparently alleged by a person claiming to be Zakariya's uncle, social media users say the person was a fake one, and his claim was false.

No official statement has been issued by either the police department or the Saudi government as of now over the potential link to sectarianism in this investigation, and this highlights the need for a transparent probe into the heinous crime.

The Saudi Shia community has been under military crackdown by their government and many Shia activists are in prisons and on death row.

The Saudi regime has cracked down on its Shia citizens, particularly in the Eastern Province, which has been the scene of peaceful demonstrations since February 2011.

Protesters have been demanding reforms, freedom of expression, the release of political prisoners, and an end to economic and religious discrimination against the oil-rich region.

The protests have been met with a heavy-handed crackdown by the regime. Regime forces have increased security measures across the province.

Over the past years, Riyadh has also redefined its anti-terrorism laws to target activism.

Back in January 2016, the Muslim world was infuriated when prominent Shia cleric Sheikh Nimr Baqir al-Nimr, an outspoken critic of Riyadh, was executed by Saudi authorities. Nimr had been arrested in Qatif, Eastern province, in 2012.

Reports and views published in the Media Wire section have been retrieved from other news agencies and websites, and do not necessarily reflect the opinion of the Iran Front Page (IFP) news website. The IFP may change the headlines of the reports in a bid to make them compatible with its own style of covering Iran News, and does not make any changes to the content. The source and URL of all reports and news stories are mentioned at the bottom of each article.

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6-Year-Old Boy Brutally Killed in Medina before Mother's Eyes

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A Saudi little boy, while on a pilgrimage to the holy city of Medina with his Shia mother, has been barbarously killed for unknown reasons, fueling speculations that he could have been a sectarian and hate crime victim, media reports say.

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This glass seems to be broken from someone trying to carjacking a car Aiden Warren. 

# data[].attributes.subject
This glass seems to be broken from someone trying to carjacking a car Aiden Warren. 

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When collecting a known comparison sample, take samples directly from the source of broken glass, if possible. Take comparison samples from the ground only when there is no glass remaining at the source. Select a comparison sample from each possible source (ie: different window panes). Package samples separately from one another as described below, labeling them appropriately.- Jsilva

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When collecting a known comparison sample, take samples directly from the source of broken glass, if possible. Take comparison samples from the ground only when there is no glass remaining at the source. Select a comparison sample from each possible source (ie: different window panes). Collect a comparison sample no smaller than a quarter and no larger than a sheet of paper. Package samples separately from one another as described below, labeling them appropriately.

Glass fragments may contain fingerprints and therefore should be handled as little as possible and with gloved hands, handling the edges of the glass if possible.

​

If the glass will also be examined for ignitable liquid residue (for example, if it is part of a Molotov cocktail), please consult the laboratory for the proper collection procedure. Items should not be air-dried or packaged in an air-permeable container if they will be examined for ignitable liquid residue.

Fracture matching may be possible. Comparison of elemental and optical qualities of glass between known and questioned samples can be done to determine if they could have originated from the same source.

Glass window panes can be reconstructed in an attempt to determine the direction of force applied to cause the break or the order in which consecutive breaks were made (ie: which break was made first).

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
When collecting a known comparison sample, take samples directly from the source of broken glass, if possible. Take comparison samples from the ground only when there is no glass remaining at the source. Select a comparison sample from each possible source (ie: different window panes).

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Although it can't determine the source of an unknown piece of glass, the database can assess the relative frequency that two glass samples from different sources would have the same dna- Jsilva

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A detective working a missing persons case undoubtedly knows how to make the most of databases such as the Combined DNA Index System (CODIS) and the Integrated Automated Fingerprint Identification System (IAFIS), but does he or she know how to investigate a paint chip, a tire track, an ink sampling, or a piece of glass?

Many government and private forensic databases can help both law enforcement investigators and the scientists who support their work in the lab. To help spread the word about the existence of these tools, the National Institute of Justice (NIJ) funded West Virginia University to gather the following basic information.[1]

Integrated Ballistic Identification System: IBIS

Maintained by the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives' National Integrated Ballistic Information Network, this forensic database contains bullet and cartridge casings that have been retrieved from crime scenes and test-fires of guns found at a crime scene or on a suspect. One limitation of this database is that there must be a suspected gun to make a comparison. Because the database contains information on bullets and casings-and not on specific guns-a test-fire bullet from a gun must be compared to a bullet found at a crime scene, for example, to determine whether a bullet came from a specific gun. Any image of a casing or bullets must be sufficiently clean-that is, be clear, show characteristics, and have little glare-for a comparison to be valid.

How does IBIS work? Technicians use forensic imaging technology to enter bullet and casing evidence into IBIS. New images are correlated against data, and technicians are alerted to possible matches. At that point, a firearms examiner uses a comparison microscope to perform a manual examination. For more information, see www.atf.gov.

Paint Data Query: PDQ

Maintained by the Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP), PDQ contains the chemical compositions of paint from most domestic and foreign car manufacturers and the majority of vehicles marketed in North America after 1973. The PDQ software is free to agencies that supply a minimum of 60 paint samples per year. The database information comes from the street (more than 60 percent from body shops and junkyards) and from manufacturers. In 1998, RCMP entered into agreements with the German Forensic Institute and the Japanese National Police Agency, which resulted in 1,500 samples being added to the database each year. Not all manufacturers, however, are willing to divulge the chemical composition of paint used on their vehicles. If a particular sample has not been entered into the database from the street, it would not be possible to obtain a match.

How does PDQ work? Each paint layer-an automotive paint job usually consists of four-is examined to determine the spectra and chemical composition. The chemical components and proportions are coded into the database. These known samples are compared against a paint sample from a crime scene or a suspect's vehicle to search the make, model, and year of manufacture of a vehicle involved in a hit-and-run or other criminal activity. For more information, see www.rcmp-grc.gc.ca.

National Automotive Paint File

This Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) database contains more than 40,000 samples of automotive paint from manufacturers.

How does the database work? Paint chips from cars can be compared to samples in the database. Undercoats help to narrow down possible manufacturers. For more information, contact the FBI's Laboratory Division at 202-324-3000.

Glass Evidence Reference Database

This database contains more than 700 glass samples from manufacturers, distributors, and vehicle junkyards. It is housed by the Technical Support Working Group, an interagency group that includes the U.S. Department of State and the U.S. Department of Defense. Although it cannot determine the source of an unknown piece of glass, the database can assess the relative frequency that two glass samples from different sources would have the same elemental profile.

How does the database work? Two plasma mass spectrometers are used to perform an elemental analysis of glass. For more information, e-mail [email protected] .

TreadMark™

The number of shoe prints at a crime scene can be so large that the process of impression recovery becomes very time-consuming. TreadMark™ is a commercial product that uses four parameters-pattern, size, damage, and wear-to identify individual outsole impressions. These are then compared with shoe print data from two sources: suspects in custody and crime scenes. A match could yield the name, date of birth, criminal record number, places of interest, and similar offenses for possible suspects.

How does TreadMark™ work? Impressions from a crime scene are obtained using the current recovery methods of photograph, gel lift, dust lift, and adhesive lift. These are input directly into the analytical system by high-resolution digital imaging. The same procedure is used with an impression of a suspect's shoe print: It is photographed using a high-resolution digital camera, and these impressions (along with the offender's details) are input into the analytical system, where the operator can measure, analyze, and compare crime-scene and suspect images. Both image sources can be searched within themselves and against each other, allowing such images to be transmitted to other users.

SoleMate

This commercial database contains information-manufacturer, date of market release, an image or offset print of the sole, and pictorial images of the uppers-for more than 12,000 sports, work, and casual shoes. Sold on DVD, the product is updated and distributed to subscribers every 3 months. One limitation is that different manufacturers often use the same sole unit. Therefore, it may be difficult to determine the exact make and model of a shoe. The software links such records, however, so that all footwear that might match a crime-scene print can be considered.

How does SoleMate work? The pattern of an unidentified shoe print is assigned a set of codes to isolate basic features, such as circles, diamonds, zigzags, curves, and blocks. Options, with variations, are presented pictorially, which allows an investigator to code features that best match the shoe print. These codes form the database search, with results presented in descending order of pattern correlation.

Forensic Information System for Handwriting: FISH

Maintained by the U.S. Secret Service, this database enables document examiners to scan and digitize text writings such as threatening correspondence.

How does FISH work? A document examiner scans and digitizes an extended body of handwriting, which is then plotted as arithmatic and geometric values. Searches are made on images in the database, producing a list of probable "hits." The questioned writings, along with the closest hits, are then submitted to the Document Examination Section for confirmation.

International Ink Library

The collection-maintained jointly by the U.S. Secret Service and the Internal Revenue Service-includes more than 9,500 inks, dating from the 1920s. Every year, pen and ink manufacturers are asked to submit their new ink formulations, which are chemically tested and added to the reference collection. Open-market purchases of pens and inks ensure that the library is as comprehensive as possible.

How does the library work? Samples are chemically analyzed and compared with library specimens. This may identify the type and brand of writing instrument, which can be used to determine the earliest possible date that a document could have been produced. If the sample matches an ink on file, a notation is made in the database. The U.S. Secret Service generally provides assistance to law enforcement on a case-by-case basis. For more information, contact 202-406-5708.

Ident-A-Drug

The Therapeutic Research Center, a private company, publishes a computer program and book to help identify drugs in tablet or capsule form. To make an identification, sufficient information about the unknown drug must be available.

How does Ident-A-Drug work? Data used for comparison purposes contain codes that are imprinted on tablets and capsules, information on color and shape, the national drug code (NDC #), and drug class. Schedule information is shown if the drug is a narcotic or in one of the U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration schedules. For more information, see www.therapeuticresearch.com.

PharmInfoNet

This free Internet database contains information on prescription drugs, including uses, marketing and availability, and common side effects.

How does PharmInfoNet work? To perform a search, the generic or brand name of the drug must be known, which may not be possible if only a portion of the drug exists or the drug is not marked with a name.

RxList

Another free Internet database of prescription drugs is RxList.com.

How does RxList work? As with PharmInfoNet, the name of the drug must be known. Information in the database may not be current because new drugs are created regularly and new side effects are discovered. Search results include patient summaries; side effects and interactions; and links to public health, policy, and economic information. For more information, see www.rxlist.com.

Ignitable Liquids Reference Collection: ILRC

Maintained by the National Center for Forensic Science, this database and associated liquid repository allows a laboratory to isolate an ignitable liquid of interest for inclusion in an inhouse reference collection. Designed for screening purposes only, it parallels-but does not replace-American Standard Testing Materials requirements for an inhouse reference collection. A laboratory does not need to adopt the ILRC classification system to use this database.

How does ILRC work? Users enter the name of the liquid into the searchable database. The database can also be organized by classification of the liquid for quick reference. Users can then purchase samples of the liquid. Commercial samples are obtained directly from manufacturers and distributors. The products are then repackaged for distribution using the product name and sent to forensic science laboratories. For more information, see www.ncfs.org.

ChemFinder

This free Internet-based database contains information from manufacturers on chemicals, including chemical structures, physical properties, and hyperlinks.

How does ChemFinder work? Searches are conducted using a chemical name, Chemical Abstract Service (CAS) registry number, molecular formula, or weight. For more information, call 800-315-7300 or see http://www.cambridgesoft.com/databases/login/?serviceid=128.

Integrated Automated Fingerprint Identification System: IAFIS

This FBI-maintained database contains:

Fingerprints acquired after arrest at the city, county, State, and Federal levels.

Fingerprints acquired through background checks for employment, licensing, and other noncriminal justice purposes (if authorized by State or Federal law).

Latent prints found at crime scenes.

Although IAFIS offers electronic search and storage capabilities, it has some limitations. The database contains the fingerprints of only a small percentage of the population. Moreover, to make a comparison, the latent print must be of sufficient quality to identify certain individual characteristics. For example, the cores and deltas must be present in the print to determine the orientation of the print.

How does IAFIS work? The database receives data electronically, in hard copy, or in machine readable data format. IAFIS accepts, stores, and distributes photographs, including the results of remote 10-print and latent searches. These are returned electronically to the requesting agencies with a list of potential matching candidates and their corresponding fingerprints for comparison and identification. For more information, see https://www.fbi.gov/services/information-management/foipa/privacy-impact-assessments/iafis or contact the FBI's Criminal Justice Information Services Division at 304-625-2000.

Combined DNA Index System: CODIS

This FBI-run database blends forensic science and computer technology into a tool for solving violent crimes. CODIS enables Federal, State, and local crime labs to exchange and compare DNA profiles electronically, thereby linking crimes to each other and to persons convicted of a crime. CODIS uses two indexes: (1) the Convicted Offender Index, which contains profiles of persons convicted of a crime, and (2) the Forensic Index, which contains profiles from crime-scene evidence.

How does CODIS work? Searches are performed to find a match between a sample of biologic evidence and a profile of a person convicted of a crime. Matches made between the Forensic and Offender Indexes provide investigators with the identity of a suspect. DNA analysts in the laboratories share matching profiles, then contact each other https://www.fbi.gov/services/laboratory/biometric-analysis/codis.

About This Article

This article appeared in NIJ Journal Issue 258, October 2007.

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Forensic Databases: Paint, Shoe Prints, and Beyond

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
A detective working a missing persons case undoubtedly knows how to make the most of databases such as the Combined DNA Index System (CODIS) and the Integrated Automated Fingerprint Identification System (IAFIS), but does he or she know how to investigate a paint chip, a tire track, an ink sampling, or a piece of glass?

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It looks like this car was hijacked. There could be dna on the glass though. - Jsilva

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Find high-quality images, photos, and animated GIFS with Bing Images

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Glass is being examined- Jalen Harpe

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Glass is being stored in a Container- Jalen Harpe

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To collect glass fragments , Photograph the fragments in place, wear eye protection and new unused latex gloves, If the glass is being processed for latent prints , dust fragments for latent prints to preserve for latent prints- Jalen Harpe

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When collecting a known comparison sample, take samples directly from the source of broken glass, if possible. Take comparison samples from the ground only when there is no glass remaining at the source. Select a comparison sample from each possible source (ie: different window panes). Collect a comparison sample no smaller than a quarter and no larger than a sheet of paper. Package samples separately from one another as described below, labeling them appropriately.

Glass fragments may contain fingerprints and therefore should be handled as little as possible and with gloved hands, handling the edges of the glass if possible.

​

If the glass will also be examined for ignitable liquid residue (for example, if it is part of a Molotov cocktail), please consult the laboratory for the proper collection procedure. Items should not be air-dried or packaged in an air-permeable container if they will be examined for ignitable liquid residue.

Fracture matching may be possible. Comparison of elemental and optical qualities of glass between known and questioned samples can be done to determine if they could have originated from the same source.

Glass window panes can be reconstructed in an attempt to determine the direction of force applied to cause the break or the order in which consecutive breaks were made (ie: which break was made first).

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
When collecting a known comparison sample, take samples directly from the source of broken glass, if possible. Take comparison samples from the ground only when there is no glass remaining at the source. Select a comparison sample from each possible source (ie: different window panes).

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Database for Glass - Jalen Harpe

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Listed below are several glass composition-property databases. Most databases (with the exception of phase diagrams) are included in SciGlass 6.6. Phase diagrams are in the "NIST-ACerS Phase Equilibria Diagrams Database".

SciGlass 6.6
The SciGlass database, initiated by Oleg V. Mazurin, is the largest existing resource of glass properties, including over 1,000,000 experimental values for 286,000 glasses compiled from over 22,000 references. The SciGlass database is distributed by ScienceServe. - Publications related to SciGlass -

International Glass Database INTERGLAD ver.6
The database INTERGLAD contains experimental values for about 250,000 glasses, presented by the New Glass Forum.

NIST-ACers Phase Equilibria Diagrams Database
The Phase Equilibria Diagrams CD-ROM Database Version 3.1 for 2005 contains approximately 20,000 phase diagrams.

Handbook of Glass Data
by O. V. Mazurin, M. V. Streltsina, T. P. Shvaiko-Shvaikovskaya

Elsevier, 1993

The Handbook of Glass Data includes several thousand properties for binary and ternary glass systems, as well as single glass forming oxides.

High temperature glass melt property database for process modeling -Preliminary Database - Final Database and Models on ACers Website
This database contains the viscosity, electrical resistivity, thermal expansion, density, refractive index, and further properties of six glass families: container and float glasses, low expansion borosilicates, TV panel glasses, textile fiber E-glasses, and borosilicate wool glasses (150 glasses total). It is available for purchase from Wiley Publishers.

Properties of Glass-Forming Melts
edited by by D. L. Pye, A. Montenaro, and I. Joseph

CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, May 2005

ISBN: 1574446622

Properties of Glass-Forming Melts contains a high number of experimental data and some models relevant for industrial glass making.

Slag Atlas
Second edition - revised and enlarged

Woodhead Publishing, January 1995

ISBN 3514004579

The Slag Atlas is a database about metallurgical slags, including relevant phase diagrams, that often form glasses at high temperature.

PNNL waste glass database & studies

Tellurite Glasses Handbook: Physical Properties and Data
by Raouf A. H. El-Mallawany

CRC Press, 2001, ISBN: 0849303680

Glastechnische Tabellen
by W. Eitel, M. Pirani, K. Scheel

Springer Verlag, Berlin, 1932 (in German)

- glass database until 1932 -

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Listed below are several glass composition-property databases. Most databases (with the exception of phase diagrams) are included in SciGlass 6.6. Phase diagrams are in the "NIST-ACerS Phase Equilibria Diagrams Database". SciGlass 6.6 The SciGlass database, initiated by Oleg V. Mazurin, is the largest existing resource of glass properties, including over 1,000,000 experimental values for 286,000 glasses compiled from over 22,000 references.

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The way you can package class is by  either putting it in a cardboard box or putting it in a container with a seal on it Aiden Warren.

# data[].attributes.subject
The way you can package class is by  either putting it in a cardboard box or putting it in a container with a seal on it Aiden Warren.

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You can collect glass in a crime scene by photographing the fragments of the glass, dust fingerprints off the glass, and analyzing the glass back at the lab. Aiden Warren

# data[].attributes.subject
You can collect glass in a crime scene by photographing the fragments of the glass, dust fingerprints off the glass, and analyzing the glass back at the lab. Aiden Warren

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
When collecting a known comparison sample, take samples directly from the source of broken glass, if possible. Take comparison samples from the ground only when there is no glass remaining at the source. Select a comparison sample from each possible source (ie: different window panes). Collect a comparison sample no smaller than a quarter and no larger than a sheet of paper. Package samples separately from one another as described below, labeling them appropriately.

Glass fragments may contain fingerprints and therefore should be handled as little as possible and with gloved hands, handling the edges of the glass if possible.

​

If the glass will also be examined for ignitable liquid residue (for example, if it is part of a Molotov cocktail), please consult the laboratory for the proper collection procedure. Items should not be air-dried or packaged in an air-permeable container if they will be examined for ignitable liquid residue.

Fracture matching may be possible. Comparison of elemental and optical qualities of glass between known and questioned samples can be done to determine if they could have originated from the same source.

Glass window panes can be reconstructed in an attempt to determine the direction of force applied to cause the break or the order in which consecutive breaks were made (ie: which break was made first).

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
When collecting a known comparison sample, take samples directly from the source of broken glass, if possible. Take comparison samples from the ground only when there is no glass remaining at the source. Select a comparison sample from each possible source (ie: different window panes).

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GLASS (G PCR- Ligand Association) database is a manually curated repository for experimentally-validated GPCR-liganinteractions. Aiden Warren 

# data[].attributes.subject
GLASS (G PCR- Ligand Association) database is a manually curated repository for experimentally-validated GPCR-liganinteractions. Aiden Warren 

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GLASS ( GPCR- Ligand Association) database is a manually curated repository for experimentally-validated GPCR-ligand interactions. Along with relevant GPCR and chemical information, GPCR-ligand association data are extracted and integrated into GLASS from literature and public databases. (>>more about the GLASS database)

The current database was updated on February 23, 2019, which contains:

Unique GPCR-ligand entries: 562,871

GPCR entries: 3,056

Human GPCR: 825

GPCRs that have experimental association data: 733

Ligand entries: 342,539
Lipinski-druglike ligands: 241,243

July 13, 2018: Add TSV files for interaction data filtered (by Kd, Ki, IC50, EC50) for active and inactive compounds in 'Download' section.
July 12, 2018: Replaced JMol viewer with NGL viewer. All GPCR structures are now loaded directly from GPCR-EXP, a new database we developed for experimentally-solved and predicted GPCR structures.
November 2, 2017: Fixed bug in update script that missed BioLiP entries from 2015 and onwards.
October 4, 2017: Fixed bug where searching with a ligand name as a query could result in an internal server error. Also fixed problem where synonym lists would not expand when clicked.
February 14, 2017: Happy Valentine's Day! The browse ligand and browse family features have been fixed. Thank you to Hongjiu Zhang for assistance.
August 5, 2016: Added 2D molecule structures to GPCR search results. Thank you to Dr. Andrew Horti for this useful suggestion. This change should hopefully facilitate the browsing of molecules.
June 24, 2016: Fixed bug where DrugBank entries were not showing up.
March 1, 2015: Redesigned the database schemas.
February 17, 2015: Migrated the website to the new framework.
August 12, 2014: Added searches for GPCR by family and for ligands by chemical structure.
June 30, 2014: Added batch TSV and SDF download.
June 28, 2014: Added synonyms for GPCRs and ligands, as well as Lipinski's rule of five check.
June 24, 2014: Set up the database website.

W Chan, H Zhang, J Yang, J Brender, J Hur, A Ozgur, Y Zhang. GLASS: a comprehensive database for experimentally-validated GPCR-ligand associations. Bioinformatics, 31: 3035-3042 (2015). [ PDF] [ Support Information] [ Database]

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The Yang Zhang Lab, University of Michigan

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
GLASS ( GPCR- Ligand Association) database is a manually curated repository for experimentally-validated GPCR-ligand interactions. Along with relevant GPCR and chemical information, GPCR-ligand association data are extracted and integrated into GLASS from literature and public databases.

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vikira johnson

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vikira johnson stored in container or box .

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Glass packaging by Vetropack | Glass packaging manufacturer

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Vetropack produces around 2,500 different shapes of glass packaging products for the food and beverage industry. The company is especially known for its environmentally sustainable lightweight glass bottles.

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vikira johnson

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vikira johnson

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Recent research efforts in the forensic trace field have focused on the development of databases to assign a significance to forensic evidence (i.e., to report the strength of an association or exclusion). In the forensic analysis of glass using µ-XRF, samples are typically compared using element intensity ratios. However, because of differences in instrumentation, the development of a database compiled with element ratios collected by different laboratories is not currently feasible. The collection of quantitative XRF data will address this limitation. Thus, this project focuses on the development of a quantitative XRF glass database that can be used by forensic practitioners to assign a significance to forensic glass evidence.

The forensic community uses several glass standards and reference materials from NIST and abroad that are currently low in stock. Additionally, the community relies on published consensus values or on certified values that were collected more than 20 years ago and at sampling scales that are not relevant to the forensic community. This project aims to address these gaps by (1) reanalyzing elemental concentration (at trace and bulk sampling scales) for several commonly used glass SRMs with modern instrumentation and methods ( i.e., LA-ICP-MS), and (2) collaborating with Dr. Almirall's group at Florida International University to aid in the design and assessment of three new reference glasses.

Although the forensic community has reached a consensus on the analysis of glass evidence using LA-ICP-MS, there is currently no standardized method for the interpretation of glass evidence. Recent efforts in the community have focused on the use of databases to provide a significance to glass evidence using more objective approaches (e.g., likelihood ratio). This collaborative project, organized by Dr. Almirall's group at Florida International University, involves an inter-laboratory study, designed as a mock forensic case, that aims to evaluate the performance of the likelihood ratio for the interpretation of glass evidence.

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The goal of this focus area is to improve the field of glass evidence analysis by developing new matrix-matched glass standards and by evaluating more objective approaches to evidence interpretation, such as the likelihood ratio. The latter will be accomplished through the development of glass databases that may be used to assign a significance to an association or exclusion in forensic casework.

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vikira johnson

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Syracuse, NY -- Prosecutors spent much of today showing the jury evidence from 29 years ago in the murder trial of Ronald Meadow, accused of strangling his estranged wife, Colleen.

Among the mounds of evidence, there was a glass wine decanter, a clock radio and hair samples, all kept in evidence bags after being collected from the March 5, 1985 murder scene. During testimony, Assistant District Attorney Robert Moran walked the officer who supervised the evidence collection through the process.

Now retired, Drew Buske relied heavily on his notes from the time to recall what the items were. Some of the dozens of items directly related to the prosecution's case against Meadow, others were simply items collected that helped paint a picture of the victim's life and her Syracuse apartment.

Onondaga County District Attorney William Fitzpatrick is the lead prosecutor in the trial against Meadow, who was arrested late last year for the cold-case murder of his wife, Colleen, in her Syracuse apartment in 1985. She was found hog-tied and face-down on the floor.

Defense lawyer Ed Menkin was quick today to point out problems with the three-decade-old evidence.

The glass wine decanter had shattered. No one knows how. Buske speculated someone had dropped it. Menkin guessed that was probably true.

The clock radio, clearly seen in crime scene photos at 10:01 p.m., had mysteriously advanced to 10:03 since then. Menkin guessed it had been plugged in at some point; Buske said he didn't know.

And "tape lifts" were used to collect hair from the scene for identification. Now, much better DNA technology is available.

All in all, Menkin's cross-examination highlighted the problems with relying on evidence so old and, in some cases, mishandled.

Fitzpatrick acknowledged in his opening statements that police standards in the 1980s were not as exacting as they are today. Technology wasn't as advanced. Some evidence wasn't collected properly. But he told the jury that didn't keep him from proving the case.

Menkin spent a long time trying to poke holes in the veracity of the evidence introduced today, trying to cast doubt on the prosecution's case.

The evidence had been moved several times since 1985. Sealed bags had been opened and re-opened. Officers had little to no recollection of the scene outside of their notes.

At the end of the day, Fitzpatrick called Colleen Meadow's sister, Nancy Moran, to the witness stand.

She said that Colleen described on several occasions Ron beating her. One time he beat her sister, Moran said, was when they were on a trip. Ron didn't like the way she was driving, so he got in the driver's seat and punched her, Moran testified her sister had told her.

Moran never saw Ron Meadow abuse Colleen, she said. But Moran is the third person to say that Colleen Meadow had confided in them about her husband's abusive behavior.

Colleen's aunt said Tuesday that Colleen told her about Ron Meadow handcuffing her to a chair early in their marriage. And her boss at Niagara Mohawk said Colleen told her that Ron had threatened to kill her.

Each of those times, County Court Judge Anthony Aloi told the jury they could consider that testimony as evidence of the couple's relationship and Ron Meadow's potential motive. But they could not consider that to mean the defendant had a propensity or predisposition to commit murder.

Testimony resumes at 9:30 a.m. Thursday.

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Evidence in cold-case murder trial: Shattered glass and a clock that's gone 2 minutes in 29 years

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Syracuse, NY -- Prosecutors spent much of today showing the jury evidence from 29 years ago in the murder trial of Ronald Meadow, accused of strangling his estranged wife, Colleen. Among the mounds of evidence, there was a glass wine decanter, a clock radio and hair samples, all kept in evidence bags after being collected from the March 5, 1985 murder scene.