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A cord or band of strong white fibrous tissue that connects a muscle to a bone. When the muscle contracts it pulls on the tendon, which moves the bone. Tendons are extremely tough and are rarely torn.

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A sheet of connective tissue covering or binding together body structures such as muscles. it surrounds muscles, nerves, tendons, and ligaments and gives them shape. fascia also connects your skin to the tissue that is directly beneath it.

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5 Basic Functions of the Muscular System

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5 Basic Functions of the Muscular System

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The muscular system helps hold the body upright, makes movement possible, and helps move fluid through ducts and tubes associated with other body systems. The muscles also help with body movement, the generation of body heat, the flow of blood through veins, and helps move food through the digestive system.

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Muscle fatigue is a symptom that decreases your muscles’ ability to perform over time. it can be associated with a state of exhaustion, often following strenuous activity or exercise. when you experience fatigue, the force behind your muscles’ movements decrease, causing you to feel weaker.

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Muscle spasm is an involuntary contraction of muscles that is often abrupt and characterized by sharp pain. it is always temporary and harmless unless it keeps reoccurring that you may need to worry about them. this condition can be experienced in different muscles of the body with a spasm of the skeletal muscles being the most common form of the condition.

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Clonic spasms refer to alternating involuntary muscular contraction and relaxation in quick succession. Tonic spasms are rigid muscle contractions that last a period of time.

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Tetanus is a serious disease of the nervous system caused by a toxin-producing bacterium. The disease causes muscle contractions, particularly of your jaw and neck muscles. Tetanus is commonly known as lockjaw.

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Tetany is a symptom characterized by the involuntary contraction of muscles that leads to painful muscle cramps, spasms of the voice box, and sensory disturbances. It is most commonly associated with low blood calcium levels, or hypocalcemia, although it can also appear with other metabolic irregularities.

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Smooth muscle is an involuntary non-striated muscle, so-called because it has no sarcomeres and therefore no striations. It is divided into two subgroups, single-unit and multiunit smooth muscle. Within single-unit muscle, the whole bundle or sheet of smooth muscle cells contracts as a syncytium.

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The cardiac muscle is an involuntary, striated muscle that constitutes the main tissue of the wall of the heart. Cardiac muscle tissue works to keep your heart pumping through involuntary movements.

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Skeletal muscles are organs of the vertebrate muscular system that are mostly attached by tendons to bones of the skeleton. The muscle cells of skeletal muscles are much longer than in the other types of muscle tissue, and are often known as muscle fibers. The are made of thin, long, and striated fibers that are a voluntary to control.

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The sliding filament theory explains the mechanism of muscle contraction based on muscle proteins that slide past each other to generate movement. The sliding filament theory is a widely accepted explanation of the mechanism that underlies muscle contraction.

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Actin is a protein that forms with myosin the contractile filaments of muscle cells, and is also involved in motion in other types of cell. Actin participates in many important cellular processes, including muscle contraction, cell motility, cell division and cytokinesis, vesicle and organelle movement, cell signaling, and the establishment and maintenance of cell junctions and cell shape.

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Myosins are a superfamily of motor proteins best known for their roles in muscle contraction and in a wide range of other motility processes in eukaryotes. They are ATP-dependent and responsible for actin-based motility.

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Calcium's positive molecule is important to the transmission of nerve impulses to the muscle fiber via its neurotransmitter triggering release at the junction between the nerves. Inside the muscle, calcium facilitates the interaction between actin and myosin during contractions.

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Contractility is the ability of muscle cells to forcefully shorten. Contractility allows muscle tissue to pull on its attachment points and shorten with force. Muscle contraction occurs when the thin actin and thick myosin filaments slide past each other.

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Extensibility is the ability of a muscle to be stretched. Our elbow flexing motion we discussed earlier. In order to be able to flex the elbow, the elbow extensor muscles must extend in order to allow flexion to occur. Lack of extensibility is known as spasticity.

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Tissue elasticity is the ability to stretch a muscle to reach its full range of movement without restriction. Different types of tissues can be found within the body including soft tissues and connective tissues. Tissues often become restrictive and inelastic resulting in an increase in muscle tightness and pain.

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Excitability is the ability to respond to a stimulus, which may be delivered from a motor neuron or a hormone. The stimulus may be delivered from a motor neuron or a hormone and to maintain chemical potentials across its cell membranes.

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Automaticity is the ability of the cardiac muscle to beat at regular intervals by the pace maker cardiac cells to spontaneously depolarize and generate an action potential. Simultaneous activation of the whole cardiac muscle cells is achieved primarily by the conduction of action potentials from one cell to the next.

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Rigor mortis is a postmortem change resulting in the stiffening of the body muscles due to chemical changes in their myofibrils. Rigor mortis helps in estimating the time since death as well to ascertain if the body had been moved after death.