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An operating system, or "OS," is software that communicates with the hardware and allows other programs to run. It is comprised of system software, or the fundamental files your computer needs to boot up and function. Every desktop computer, tablet, and smartphone includes an operating system that provides basic functionality for the device.

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Parts, components and functions of an operating system

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Parts, components and functions of an operating system

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Each part of the operating system is divided according to the type of functionality and objective it has, as well as the areas of the computer to which they are focused. Below the description of each of these.

Process management. When executing a program on our computer, you must use processes to reserve the use of the resources necessary for its operation. If, for example, the user runs two programs consecutively, a certain number of processes will be created that will be added to those that are already running to keep our computer active.
The order in which the processes are carried out is according to their priority, this is an example of process planning, which consists in deciding which process will be used in each moment of time.

Memory management. The memory is used by the different programs, that is to say by the CPU and by the input / output devices that the computer has.
The operating system is responsible for the correct use of this resource, as it must be in charge of knowing which parts are being used.

Secondary Storage Management. It is necessary to store and manipulate the information you need to survive in the event of any system failure.

Entry and Exit System. This is one of the main functions of the operating system because it is the means by which the user will interact with the physical components of the machine. It will also be responsible for managing the communication between the devices, controlling possible errors and detecting any interruptions that may occur.

File System. It refers to the different techniques for storing information within the hard drives that the computer hosts.

Protection system. It refers to the access control of programs by establishing security limits, it establishes who can have access to certain resources by establishing policies. Among other details, this system ensures that processes are executed only within the spaces assigned to it.

Communications system. This refers to the specific use of network interfaces, allowing communication between different systems. The network interfaces cover a large field leaving the operating system aside, since it refers to the output and input of the computer to the outside, to other computers through different means.

System program. It is the software that is added to the operating system but is not part of it, making it possible to execute programs.

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- Android. It is an operating system incorporated mainly in smartphones and tablets, created by the Open Handset Alliance.
- BlacBerry OS. The operating system used in mobile devices is the BlackBerry OS, which is based on Java technology.

- Windows operating system, 98, 2000, XP, Vista, W7, W8, W8.1.
- Ubuntu operating system, this is not very well known to most but it is quite good.
- Mac operating system, the one used by Apple computers.
- Android operating system, the one used by Smartphone.
- IOS operating system, the one used by IPhone and IPod.

There are also operating systems that control ATMs which do not have a commercial name, and the operating systems that modern airplanes and space rockets work with.