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i) The practice of identity encompasses a practice of consumption and production

ii) The role of globalization-localization dialectic was important in tracing the way in which children adopted and adapted cultural icons, artefacts and narratives in order to articulate aspects of identity

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The engagement with a range of popular cultural and media texts.
"LANGUAGE was a recurrent theme"

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Examples that require some skills practices:
- children playing phonics games on computers
- complete puzzles in comics
- playing interactive games on satellite television

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Purpose of communicative practice is to enable children to access to the use of popular culture, media and new technologies at home.

HOW?
the communicative practices (that globalised media discourses) became localised practices (that drew from family histories and collective memories)

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Children are becoming acculturated into the 'information economy' and identifying media sources as providing significant knowledge for daily life

"Children enter the nursery as 'tabula rest' in relation to the literacy practices"

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a wide range of texts:
- video games
- films
- reading junk email
- magazines
- teletext on satellite television
- Website on the Internet

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1. Assessing/displaying information
2. Pleasure/self-expression
3. Development of skills/knowledge/understanding in relation to language and literacy
4. identity construction and performance of self

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Does the digital literacy practice (watching television and playing computer game) makes children asocial?

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Globalized narratives in films and television programmes are used to create mediascaped worlds by children. Through this process, globalized narratives are adapted into localized family practices.

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How about children in 'developing' countries? Are they engaged in communicative practices in a different way?

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How about children in 'developing' countries? Are they engaged in communicative practices in a different way?

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"It is clear that many young children in the 'developed' world are engaged in a rich range of communicative practices from birth, many of which are deeply embedded within the discourses of popular culture, media and new technologies."

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"It is clear that many young children in the 'developed' world are engaged in a rich range of communicative practices from birth, many of which are deeply embedded within the discourses of popular culture, media and new technologies."

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Although popular culture has been influenced by cultural imperialism, cultural goods are never simply adopted but are adapted to local contexts.

Localizing practices: It is a complex interchange of locally-inflected meanings with global discourses. With the global-local nexus, the new and hybrid texts are created and these texts inform young children's interactions with the media in contemporary society.

Through the adaptation of media products, children adapt globalized discourses in ways that reinscribe family narratives and collective memories.

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"Media texts are globalized are predicated on notions of cultural imperialism."

"American media and cultural discourses saturate the international arena."

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1. Communicative practices for forming social relationship

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1. Communicative practices for forming social relationship

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The literacy practices within the family reinforce and extend the family relationship. Shared reading of texts is a major part of family life and such texts are related to popular culture and media interests; picture books based on television, popular cultural narratives, TV guides, catalogues, and magazines.

Watching television together could be a family ritual that serves the purpose of acknowledging and celebrating the cultural heritage of the family. Such ritualized acts symbolically integrate each member into the family as a social intuition, (re-)establish each member’s place and position in it.

The involvement of family members in children’s narratives that they had encountered in films and television programmes is important for the development of narrative understanding and facilitation of intersubjective experiences with family members.

Privatization of public space:

- Changing spaces in relation to the notions of 'public' and 'private': Participation in techno-social practices, such as using mobile phones to talk to family members and watching family members send and receive SMS text messages, takes place outside of the family home (public spaces) meaning that the boundary between home (private) and the outside world (public) is blurred.

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1. Establishing or maintaining relationships
2. Accessing or displaying information
3. Literacy for pleasure and/or self-expression
4. Literacy for skills development