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Imagery
Juxtaposition
metonymy
Diction (connotations, tone)

Literary Devices
- Steinbeck's use of Salinas to demonstrate good/evil.
- the crooked path

Colors -
Green - formatted into paragraphs already
(you can change yours if this is true to yours as well).

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Throughout the novel, Steinbeck provides key characteristics of the Salinas, but in this chapter in particular, Steinbeck is really able to build the Salinas as a character. By introducing the setting of the churches and the brothels, he is able to add a dimension of good and evil coexisting in the Salinas itself. When looking at it, such is prevalent in every character throughout the novel from start to finish, but by adding such a trait to the setting implies that the setting itself is especially influential to the development of each character. Through his use of diction and imagery, Steinbeck is able to present his theme and motifs in a much more effective way, allowing the readers to view and grasp the Salinas as much more than a place, but as a key influence in the novel.

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"Do you remember hearing that, old men? And do you remember how an easterly breeze brought odors in from Chinatown, roasting pork and punk and black tobacco and yen shi?...Remember too, the little houses, unpainted, unrepaired? They seemed very small, and they tried to efface themselves in outside neglect, and the wild overgrown front yards tied to hide themselves from the street...Then the front door would open to admit a country boy, and you'd hear laughter and perhaps the soft sentimental tone of an open-face piano with a piece o toilet chain across the strings..." (217)

Steinbeck introduces and describes an environment that as the reader, have no idea about. But he does so in a reminiscent tone by starting it off with "Do you remember...". Such can indicate that Steinbeck was trying to reach out to sons in particular. Considering that Steinbeck did write this book for his sons to convey a message of growth, it makes sense for him to include such a scene in the novel.  This particular setting can very easily be a a direct reference to a memory that he has with his two sons, allowing the scene to be that much more at core and at home to his children.

When looking at the scene itself, Steinbeck gives the environment a personality, he emphasizes certain characteristics like the smell, the sound, and the most minute physical descriptions. By doing so he is able to depict the setting in a very character-like way, which allows him to create an analogy between the setting and the reader. He describes it as a place that seems to hide from society and cover up what is being shown, as a place that in specific, that barely has a voice and does not draw attention. But he concludes it by saying "Then the front door would open to admit a country boy, and you'd hear laughter..." In saying so, Steinbeck portrays the fact that although one's physical appearance and impression on others may not be so intriguing and eye catching, their personality and expression is what truly makes the difference. This only makes sense for Steinbeck to direct towards his kids because he is displaying a message of acceptance and individuality. Steinbeck wants the readers to understand that one's internal features speak much louder and are much more defining than any external attributes.

All together, Steinbeck took this opportunity to go beyond what was being said. By switching tones, he made the reader feel almost as if we understood and felt the scene that he was describing. By doing so, Steinbeck was able to portray a much deeper message of good vs. evil, by introducing the idea that there is always a presence of good no matter what the circumstance or appearance may be.

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Steinbeck juxtaposes brothels and churches by saying that they "arrive simultaneously." The theme of good versus evil is again being developed and the author uses the juxtaposition to illustrate that good and evil are connected. Steinbeck further develops this theme through the discussion of the concept "timshel" and brings up the topic of choosing between good and evil as well as the fact that one cannot coexist without the other.

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Steinbeck demonstrates metonymy by referring to the relationships of the trasks through the cultural facets of Salinas. “The church and the whore house arrived in the far west simultaneously. And each would have been horrified to think that the other was a different facet of the same thing” (215). Cathy is identified through the whorehouses and Aron is represented through the churches. By referring to their characters through these cultural bodies Steinbeck is able to demonstrate to the reader the attitudes the characters have towards one another.

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Steinbeck uses imagery to reveal the Salinas church’s intentions to impress others by highlighting how it parallels the behavior of circuses. When describing the church members, Steinbeck explains that “You may get the idea that they howled truth and beauty the way a seal bites out the national anthem on row of circus horns” (216). The reader automatically connects the scripted and practiced performances of circus seals to the behavior of the evangelicalists, allowing them to understand the superficiality of the church and its representatives.

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the instructions tell us to post our findings in coherent paragraphs. Does this mean that we format all of our posts into coherent paragraphs, or that we summarize everything we've said into one post to pin to our Turnitin. com threads?

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Ms. McCann replied:

You are all answering the same question for different chapters: what literary/rhetorical devices are used in your assigned chapter and what is the purpose?

The assignment hasn’t changed. It’s just that you have to put it in coherent writing since the padlets were generally insufficient.
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- so we're just making our posts into formal paragraphs to put onto the threads

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"Faye was the motherly type, big- breasted, big-hipped and warm...If any sexual thing happened to you at Faye's you felt it was an accident but forgivable" (218).

Steinbeck describes the three different brothels but Faye's description is the one that stands out. The author uses words like "motherly" and "warm" that offers positive connotations. She is illustrated as a good citizen and is even admired for doing good actions such as contribute to charity. Despite the fact that Faye runs a business that is generally described as evil, Steinbeck is able to use diction in order to make readers think that Faye is a good character.

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"You walked west on main street until it bent" 

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"You walked west on main street until it bent" 

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This is a clear allusion to the message of the bible. In the bible you are commanded to walk the straight path and the brothel lies off the straight path.
The brothel's are not solely houses of evil until the arrival of Kate. Up till her arrival the brothels had been seen as entities that acted similarly to that of the church.