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Vitamin A protects against UV damage and slows signs of aging. It encourages healthy skin cell production. Eggs and dairy products are excellent sources of vitamin A.

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Keratin is a protein that helps keep the skin firm and forms a protective layer to retain healthy skin. This barrier helps keep out pathogens and helps minimize serious damage from other environmental factors.

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Collagen makes up approximately 30% of the proteins within the body. These are tough and strong structures found all over the body: in bones, tendons and ligaments.Collagen is a part of the connective tissue that in the skin helps in firmness, suppleness and constant renewal of skin cells. Collagen is vital for skin elasticity.

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A painful, pus-filled bump under the skin caused by infected, inflamed hair follicles. The main treatments include hot packs and draining ("lancing") the abscess, but only when it is soft and ready to drain. Caused by Staphylococcus aureus.

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A condition that causes redness and often small, red, pus-filled bumps on the face.The cause of rosacea is unknown, but it could be due to a combination of hereditary and environmental factors. Rosacea is not caused by poor hygiene.

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A condition in which skin cells build up and form scales and itchy, dry patches. The exact cause remains unknown. A combination of elements, including genetic predisposition and environmental factors, are involved.

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Known as a bruise, blood vessels near the surface of the skin are damaged, usually by impact from an injury. blood gets trapped beneath the skin, where it forms into a little pool that turns your skin purple, black, or blue. Painful to touch.

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Also known as a bruise, a direct blow or repeated blows from a blunt object strike part of the body, crushing underlying muscle fibers and connective tissue without breaking the skin. A contusion can result from falling or jamming the body against a hard surface.

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The medical term for nail biting. Nail-biting can be induced by stress, boredom, or nervousness.

Onychophagia can lead to infections, pain in the fingers and torn skin around the fingernails.

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A nail fungus causing thickened, brittle, crumbly, or ragged nails. The most common cause is a type of fungus called dermatophyte. Yeast and molds also can cause nail infections. A severe case of nail fungus can be painful and may cause permanent damage to your nails.

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A condition in which the corner or side of a toenail grows into the flesh. Also known as an ingrown nail. An imbalance between the size of the nail and the enlargement of the nail skin edge causes ingrown toenails.

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Hair loss from the scalp or elsewhere on the body. Your immune system mistakenly attacks hair follicles, which is where hair growth begins.

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Also known as the subcutaneous layer, lies between the dermis and underlying tissues and organs. It consists of mostly adipose tissue and is the storage site of most body fat.  It serves to fasten the skin to the underlying surface, provides thermal insulation, and absorbs shocks from impacts to the skin.

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A collection of blood outside of a blood vessel.Some causes of hematomas are as pelvic bone fractures, fingernail injuries, bumps, passing blood clots, blood clots in the legs, blood cancers, and excessive alcohol use.

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A group of inherited disorders characterized by little or no melanin production. All people with the disorder experience vision problems.

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Hirsutism results in excessive amounts of dark, course hair on body areas where men typically grow hair — face, chest and back.

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Also known "welt", is a small bump that itches. They can appear as a symptom of an allergic reaction.

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Also known "warts", are small, hard skin lesions caused by the Human Papilloma Virus(HPV). Plantar warts develop on the sole of the feet. (Singular, verruca)

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Flakes or dry patches made up of excess dead epidermal cells. Excessive shedding scales is associated with skin disorders such as psoriasis.

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Scaly, solid raised area of closely spaced papules. Can cause itching, burning, soreness, and swelling. An example would be lesions caused by psoriasis.

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Small, raised red lesion that is less than 0.5 cm in diameter and does not contain pus. Examples are pimples and small insect bites. They are like nodules.

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A solid, raised skin lesion that is larger than 0.5 cm in diameter and does not contain pus. In acne vulgaris, nodules can cause scarring. Nodules can also develop in deeper skin tissues or internal organs.

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Also known as "macula", it is a discolored, flat spot that is less than 1 cm in diameter. Some examples are freckles or flat moles. It doesn’t involve any change in the thickness or texture of the skin.

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Also known as a "scab", it is a collection of dried serum and cellular debris. Platelets stick together like glue at the cut, forming a clot. The clot starts to get hard and dries out, forming a scab. Protect the cut by keeping germs and other stuff out and giving the skin cells underneath a chance to heal.

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A pathological change of the tissues due to disease or injury. They are described by their appearance, color, location and size as measured in cm.

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Glands that help with temperature regulation. This gland regulates the temperature by secreting sweat. There are 2.5 million per person.

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The middle layer of the skin. Strong, flexible connective tissue and it contains blood vessels, nerves, sweat glands, sebaceous gland and etc.
Connects skin to the surface muscles.

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The outer layer of the skin several specialized epithelial tissue. The skin regenerates completely every 35-45 days. Consists of flat, scaly cells.