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Tornadoes are uncommon in New Jersey because are land is more hilly than flat.

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The tornado alley is quite infamous for the thousands of tornadoes that batter it annually. In 2011, there were 1,894 tornadoes in the alley alone. So if the civilians are aware of the constant risk of tornado damage, why do they live there? The Society for Personality and Social Psychology (SPSP) conducted a research on this exact question. After talking with people who had been hit by tornadoes and those who hadn't experienced damage, they noticed a recurring pattern. Individuals who were directly affected by a tornado recently had a mindset that they wouldn't be hit again in the future.Those who didn't experience damage were constantly scared of the possible onset of damage. Jerry Suls, the lead author of the study compared it to the mindset that, "...they felt ’lightning wouldn’t strike twice in the same place…A year later, their optimism was comparable to the people in the undamaged neighborhoods.” Overall, it's pretty much a mindset that convinces the civilians they are safe. However, some people are just thrill-seekers. There are usually ICC500 storm shelters or shelters approved by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) available in tornado prone areas. It is suggested to build an emergency kit and prepare a plan in the workplace, at home, or at any public place. Another precaution is to listen the NOAA radio channel for news.

Works Cited:
-https://www.ready.gov/tornadoes
-https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/this-might-be-why-people-dont-move-away-from-tornado-zones-343488/

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They mainly use sattelites, but use many other tools like radars, buoys and many others. The sattelites take remote measurements of the storms intensity and track. They can predict Hurricanes weeks before it happens. -Saverio

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They namehurricanes after people because it helpspeople remeber the storm, and talk about it more. They do not name tornadoes because there is not enough time for people to do what they did with hurricanes with tornadoes-Saverio

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http://www.weatherwizkids.com/weather-tornado.htm Tornadoes are uncommon in new jersey for many reasons. For one thing tornadoes form during thunderstorms. We don't get a lot of thunderstorms here. Another thing is moist hot air, and cool dry air have to mix. We aren't near locations that have that weather at the same time. Because of this we don't get a lot of tornadoes in New Jersey.

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Scientists name hurricanes after people because it makes it easier for the media to report and for scientists to remember. (https://www.cnn.com/2016/08/22/weather/weather-naming-storms/index.html) Scientists don't name tornadoes because they form so quick

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http://www.weatherwizkids.com/weather-tornado.htm
Tornadoes can not occur in winter, and they can not occur in cold areas like Alaska. In Alaska their is no warm air so it can not form. If there was warm and cold air in Alaska then they would be able to form there. As you can see tornadoes can not occur in the winter or in Alaska because there is no warm air.

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Scientists can usually predict hurricanes 3-5 days in advance.  They use different models and SHIPs to predict where the hurricane will hit, but they can’t be sure because of the constant changes in Earth’s weather.  They also use satellites, reconnaissance aircrafts, ships, buoys, radars, and other land-based platforms to help get more accurate predictions.  Many centers are constantly watching for hurricanes which might hit land so that they can give people the most time to prepare.  As soon as a hurricane in the Atlantic Ocean becomes a threat land areas, the U.S. Air Force and NOAA hurricane aircraft, land stations monitor it to see when and where it will hit.  As you can see, scientists use many different techniques to predict when and where hurricanes will hit. http://www.hurricanescience.org/science/forecast/forecasting/forecastprocess/http://web.mit.edu/12.000/www/m2010/teams/neworleans1/predicting%20hurricanes.htm 

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Scientists can usually predict hurricanes 3-5 days in advance.  They use different models and SHIPs to predict where the hurricane will hit, but they can’t be sure because of the constant changes in Earth’s weather.  They also use satellites, reconnaissance aircrafts, ships, buoys, radars, and other land-based platforms to help get more accurate predictions.  Many centers are constantly watching for hurricanes which might hit land so that they can give people the most time to prepare.  As soon as a hurricane in the Atlantic Ocean becomes a threat land areas, the U.S. Air Force and NOAA hurricane aircraft, land stations monitor it to see when and where it will hit.  As you can see, scientists use many different techniques to predict when and where hurricanes will hit. http://www.hurricanescience.org/science/forecast/forecasting/forecastprocess/http://web.mit.edu/12.000/www/m2010/teams/neworleans1/predicting%20hurricanes.htm 

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ELLA DAVIS

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Hurricanes are the only storms which get names, but it had not always been that way.  Hurricanes were originally named by their latitude and longitude position, by this was easy to forget. They were then named hurricanes after people so that it would be easier to report for the media. Also, when the name is easily recognized, people are more likely to take storm watches and warnings seriously.  Hurricanes were then named after saints, but then meteorologists who were responsible for the tracking of storms named them after themselves.  Also, tornadoes do not last long enough to get a name.https://www.google.com/amp/s/amp.cnn.com/cnn/2016/08/22/weather/weather-naming-storms/index.html 

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Hurricanes are the only storms which get names, but it had not always been that way.  Hurricanes were originally named by their latitude and longitude position, by this was easy to forget. They were then named hurricanes after people so that it would be easier to report for the media. Also, when the name is easily recognized, people are more likely to take storm watches and warnings seriously.  Hurricanes were then named after saints, but then meteorologists who were responsible for the tracking of storms named them after themselves.  Also, tornadoes do not last long enough to get a name.https://www.google.com/amp/s/amp.cnn.com/cnn/2016/08/22/weather/weather-naming-storms/index.html 

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ELLA DAVIS

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There are a few reasons why tornadoes are uncommon in New Jersey. When there is a tornado, there needs to be a clash of cold and warm air. This event doesn’t take place often in New Jersey because there are 4 distinct seasons. The seasons are more distinct on the coasts, so Central U.S.A. has has a mix. This is why New Jersey doesn’t have a clash of cold and warm air. Also, there needs to be moisture for a tornado, and New Jersey doesn’t have as much moisture as places that have tornadoes. So, you can now see that there are a few reasons why New Jersey doesn’t have many tornadoes.

https://www.accuweather.com/en/weather-news/where-are-hotspots-for-tornadoes-outside-of-the-united-states/70001183

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In a tornado shelter, everyone should have at least 6 feet of room for each person. Many tornado shelters are 8 ft. by 14 ft. You are able to tornado proof a basement if yo have certain materials. You should have concrete pouring so your basement is sturdy, and so it doesn’t float out. If you have a family, a good sized basement would be 5 ft. by 6 ft. A tornado shelter has concrete pouring, a handrail, and bolted down furniture. It has essentials like food, water, food, and a safety kit.

https://www.homeadvisor.com/cost/safety-and-security/build-a-storm-shelter/

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Hurricanes are named after people because it makes it easier to remember for everyone. It makes communication quicker and reduces confusion as it can differentiate two hurricanes if they were happening at once. Since hurricanes last a long time, it makes it easier to refer to them and to track them with names. However, scientists don't feel the need to name tornadoes as they are around 1,000 every year and they last 5 minutes most of the time. They don't find the need to name tornadoes.

Works Cited:

-https://oceanservice.noaa.gov/facts/storm-names.html

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Meteorologists long ago learned that naming tropical storms and hurricanes helps people remember the storms, communicate about them more effectively, and so stay safer if and when a particular storm strikes a coast.
http://earthsky.org/earth/how-do-hurricanes-get-their-names

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Can a tornado happen in winter? http://www.isciencetimes.com/articles/6864/20140221/winter-tornadoes-how-common-deadlier-storms.htm

https://www.livescience.com/3309-tornadoes-winter.html

Tornadoes actually can happen in the winter though winter tornadoes are very rare. Tornadoes usually require a mix of warm, moist air and cold, dry air in order to form. If a tornado forms in the winter, it can actually be more dangerous than a tornado in any other season. They aren’t stronger but in some way, they cause more destruction. Winter tornadoes move faster and the ice and sleet flying through the air can actually cut bystanders that are not prepared.

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About 14 hurricanes happen per year.
scienceline.ucsb.edu/getkey.php?key=1086

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Have they ever occurred in cold areas such as Alaska?  Explain.

http://www.ustornadoes.com/2013/06/26/u-s-tornadoes-that-occur-outside-the-u-s-the-continental-u-s-that-is/

Tornadoes have actually occurred in places such as Alaska, but there have been very few recorded since 1950 (only 4).  Tornadoes can really happen anywhere, but they are more common on flatlands like plains and open fields.  Alaska is full of mountains and hills as well as woodland because of the lack of humans on the land. It is one of the least tornado-prone states standing on the list at #1.

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Why are hurricanes named but tornadoes aren't? The answer to this question is quite simple. Hurricanes come in at a slow pace and cause a lot of damage, they are a lot more dangerous than tornadoes. Since hurricanes are easier to track they are given names. A while ago hurricanes were named after their longitude and latitude but were changed to their names. Tornadoes aren't given names because they aren't as severe as hurricanes and you can't track them so there isn't enough time to name them.

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Tornadoes are very uncommon in New Jersey, we can expect at the most 2 per year. They aren't popular here because in order to have a tornado you need to have cold and warm air mixed together. But, when we have hot days there usually aren't any cold days nearby.

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Tornadoes form from warm air rising and cold air falling, which usually means there wouldn’t be many tornadoes during winter or colder months. Although they are rare in winter months, tornadoes can form. In colder areas such as Alaska there aren’t many tornadoes. Since 1950, only four tornadoes have been recorded in Alaska. This shows how rare tornadoes are in cold weather, and why it could be a good idea to live in colder areas.
http://www.ustornadoes.com/2013/06/26/u-s-tornadoes-that-occur-outside-the-u-s-the-continental-u-s-that-is/

https://www.nssl.noaa.gov/education/svrwx101/tornadoes/faq/

http://www.weatherwizkids.com/weather-tornado.htm

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Meteorologists long ago learned that naming tropical storms and hurricanes helps people remember the storms. Tornadoes do not have names because tornadoes have a very short notice for the storm so they would not have time to pick a name. They are more concerned about the peoples safety and evacuation purposes.
http://earthsky.org/earth/how-do-hurricanes-get-their-names

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Tornadoes are not just a Midwest phenomena. New Jersey typically sees about two twisters a year, according to the Storm Prediction Center, with hail as big or bigger than two inches and winds gusting to 74 mph or more. "Even though records do not show a tornado of this magnitude, you never can quite rule anything out with regards to weather," the firm wrote. Tornadoes in New Jersey are most likely to occur in June or July, according to the SPC.
http://www.nj.com/hunterdon-county-democrat/index.ssf/2013/05/nj_twist_tornadoes_not_uncommo_1.html

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A tornado shelter can be as big or as small as you need, but FEMA recommends 6 square feet of floor space per person for a tornado shelter and 10 square feet for a hurricane shelter. An average basement is a good place to go during a tornadoe, but tornadoe proofin your basement is not about the outside, it is about the things inside your basement. Tornadoes pick up things and throw them around, which is what causes damage. Tornado shelters can be underground or above ground. Whichever it is, the structure needs to be made of reinforced concrete or steel, basically it needs to be very sturdy to stand up to these tornadoes.
https://www.homeadvisor.com/cost/safety-and-security/build-a-storm-shelter/

https://www.popsci.com/technology/article/2013-05/can-you-tornado-proof-home

https://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2013/13/130523-tornado-safety-basement-protection-help-engineering/

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Hurricanes are named after people so it makes them easier for the media to follow the storm. Tornadoes don’t get names because they don’t last long enough to get a name that the media can report. Every storm gets an name in the science labs that study them, but they are long and often very hard to keep straight and not be confused with other storm names. https://www.cnn.com/2016/08/22/weather/weather-naming-storms/index.html

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Tornadoes are usually form in
moist, dry areas. New jersey is a state on east coast and  usually has cold weathers.  Tornadoes usually don't form in cold weather’s so that why tornadoes don't  form in new jersey. Also tornadoes  that usually hit jersey never cause severe damage.(http://cnn.com)

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Meteorologist start predicting  hurricanes in april.  Once hurricanes formed they can be tracked by the meteorologist. Scientist can predict where hurricanes usually going 3-5 days before it hits. Meteorologist guesses aren't always right.  Usually hurricanes winds speeds picks up once in the gulf of mexico. (http://web.mit.edu)

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After reading some articles I have seen that tornadoes are actually common in NJ. We have an average of 2 per year.http://www.nj.com/weather/index.ssf/2017/06/a_look_at_njs_tornadoes_in_the_past_decade.html

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Meteorologists at the NOAA Storm Prediction Center (SPC) issue daily forecasts, or convective outlooks, for organized severe thunderstorms over the U.S. based on current weather observations and forecast models. They also closely monitor areas they think are at a higher risk for tornadoes.https://www.nssl.noaa.gov/education/svrwx101/tornadoes/forecasting/

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Most people think that in New Jersey tornadoes never happen. However, tornadoes are not uncommon in New Jersey. New Jersey sees about two tornadoes a year. When there is a tornado in New Jersey people don't really notice because they aren't that big. To conclude, tornadoes actually are more common than people think in New Jersey.
http://www.nj.com/hunterdon-county-democrat/index.ssf/2013/05/nj_twist_tornadoes_not_uncommo_1.html

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We have more hurricanes than people think. People only hear about the big hurricanes but there are lots of smaller hurricanes around the world that nobody hears about. We have around 14 hurricanes per year. Most hurricanes carry thunderstorms in them and tornadoes need thunderstorms to form. Hurricanes also have warm air in them which mixes with cold air to form a tornado. Finally hurricanes have wind shears to form a tornado.
http://scienceline.ucsb.edu/getkey.php?key=1086
https://www.livescience.com/37235-how-hurricanes-spawn-tornadoes.html

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While many people believe that there aren't tornadoes in New Jersey they actually do happen more often than you think. There are about 2 tornadoes per year in New Jersey which is much more than I would've thought. Some have bad and some haven’t most of them were EF-0 but two of them were EF-1. The worst one ever in New Jersey was in 1935 when about 5 people died. http://www.nj.com/weather/index.ssf/2017/06/a_look_at_njs_tornadoes_in_the_past_decade.html

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There is an average of about 46 hurricanes per year. That is much less than I thought there would be because think of all the countries that get hit by hurricanes. It just seems like such a small number. Hurricanes have all of the neccesitieds for a tornado such as wind, warm moist air, slightly colder and less moist air and many more. It is pretty rare but it can happen.

https://www.livescience.com/37235-how-hurricanes-spawn-tornadoes.html

http://www.aoml.noaa.gov/hrd/tcfaq/E10.html

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Hurricanes are given names because it is easier for people to identify hurricanes and names are more memorable so people remember the damage done during that storm.  Scientists don't name tornadoes because tornadoes aren't as severe as hurricanes and don't leave as much of a mark.

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There are about 10 to 14 hurricanes that occur every year around the world, usually in the Atlantic Ocean. Strong, intense hurricanes can cause tornadoes to form. Hurricanes carry warm, moist air, creating a layer of warm and cold air has the storm makes land fall. The mix becomes unstable because the warm air rises and the cool air stays on the ground, creating a tornado.

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In the Atlantic Ocean, we get around 12 hurricanes a year, and around the world about 20-24 per year. http://scienceline.ucsb.edu/getkey.php?key=1086
Hurricanes can form tornadoes if the hurricane contains individual supercells. These are just thunderstorms that live inside a hurricane. As all tornadoes need a thunderstorm to form, when the conditions are right, a tornado can pop up inside a hurricane.

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There are about 10-14 hurricanes every year. The most hurricanes in the Atlantic Basin are 12 and the least are two. Hurricanes are concentrated in the Eastern Pacific ocean (14 hurricanes in a year in that area alone). - http://scienceline.ucsb.edu/getkey.php?key=1086

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The naming of hurricanes became a tradition at the nation hurricane center in Miami, Florida. Naming them after people is a practice that is used to avoid confusion and to help the public remember the name. - https://www.thesun.co.uk/news/4426284/hurricanes-named-after-people-why/