# data[].attributes.body
" The failure to include a detailed exploration of immigration in school"

By using the descriptive word "failure", it shows that the article believes strongly in the teaching of immigration in schools, and believe that it is an extreme loss to not do so, providing a negative view on the absence of immigration education in schools.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Children must be taught about Britain's rich history of immigration if Theresa May is to achieve her "mission" of tackling racial injustice, the UK's anti-discrimination watchdog says.

The Prime Minister has been urged to follow up her promise to make addressing inequalities a "personal priority" by putting immigration in the national curriculum.

Educating children on the topic of immigration would "tackle prejudiced attitudes" and build community links by helping children understand people's different backgrounds, the Equalities and Human Rights Commission said.

The failure to include a detailed exploration of immigration in school citizenship lessons has previously drawn criticism as a lost opportunity.

The former UK government mental health champion, Natasha Devon, suggested it would help combat the belief - seen in the Brexit campaign - that immigration is a threat to the UK.

Now the issue has been given fresh impetus in the Commission's response to the "race audit" issued by the Prime Minister to highlight inequalities between different ethnic groups.

The Government's Ethnicity Facts and Figures website provided a blizzard of statistics to highlight the problem in provision and achievement - but few concrete proposals for change.

The Commission said that project had to start early, by ensuring "equality and human rights are part of the curriculum to instil shared values".

"The curriculum should also include Britain's immigration history to enable children to understand how this has shaped all aspects of our country," its response said.

David Isaac, the Commission's chairman, added: "Immigration has played a large part in the history of our country, from ancient times right up to the debates during the Brexit referendum.

The latest news on Brexit, politics and beyond direct to your inbox

"As classrooms become more diverse, it's important that children fully understand the role immigration has had in shaping our communities.

"Teaching immigration will instil shared values, help tackle prejudiced attitudes, and foster community cohesion, allowing our young people to fully participate in a democratic society."

The call comes after the Prime Minister described the audit as evidence that tackling racial inequality in the provision of public services is her "mission in politics".

It provided an "unprecedented level of transparency" and would be followed up by intensified efforts in 20 "hotspots" across the UK, No 10 said.

Ms May admitted the statistics were uncomfortable reading and that Britain had a "way to go" to create an equal society.

"What this audit shows is there isn't anywhere to hide. That's not just for Government, it's for society as a whole," she said.

"Britain has come a long way in promoting equality and opportunity but what the data we've published shows is that we still have a way to go if we are going to truly have a country that works for everyone."

But her only mention of education was a review of expulsions to "focus on the experiences of groups who are disproportionately likely to be excluded".

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Children must be taught about benefits of immigration to tackle racial injustice, watchdog says

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Children must be taught about Britain's rich history of immigration if Theresa May is to achieve her "mission" of tackling racial injustice, the UK's anti-discrimination watchdog says. The Prime Minister has been urged to follow up her promise to make addressing inequalities a "personal priority" by putting immigration in the national curriculum.

# data[].attributes.body
The use of this image shows

# data[].attributes.body
The pre-modifier 'sneak' suggests that these illegal immigrants from Mexico coming into the US, were sly and devious. This pre-modifier implies that the immigrants were trying to bend the law to get into the US. However, after the video was posted, "people were quick to support the men on social media". The support that the men got means that people back them, but the way in which the title portrays the men is that they are breaking the law and being mischievous.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
A migrant was filmed using a human ladder to sneak into the United States from Mexico.

Footage uploaded to social media shows a man standing on another's shoulders so a third can climb on top of him and hop over the international border fence.

The incident was filmed at the border in Mexicali, in the north-western Mexican state of Baja California as Donald Trump continues to promise a wall to stop people illegally entering the US.

In the footage, the three men rush to do the deed quickly before they are caught.

They jump out of a car, one of them carrying a rope, before standing on each other's shoulders.

Once up, the man holding the rope uses it to lower himself down, the other end held by his companion.

When he reaches the ground he turned and quickly flees into US territory.

The two men supporting him also immediately escaped back into Mexico.

It is unknown if any of the men have been captured since the recording of the footage.

People were quick to support the men on social media.

Grissel Amn wrote: "I was in a big square once and an immigrant was running around scared with two policemen behind him until they caught him, almost crying.

"He did not look a bad person. It's a good that he managed to jump and hopefully he can make it through."

Griselda Padilla added: "I hope you can reunite with your family and lead a good life."

Last month US Customs and Border Protection began building eight different types of walls at the border near San Diego and Tijuana for the president.

The 30ft long designs range from 18ft to 30ft high.

Immigration advocacy groups argue Trump's wall would not stem illegal border crossings.

Government estimates say the cost of the wall will be about $21 billion and Trump has said that Mexico will eventually pay for it - although Mexico has refused to pay.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Illegal immigrant uses human ladder to sneak into US from Mexico

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
A migrant was filmed using a human ladder to sneak into the United States from Mexico. Footage uploaded to social media shows a man standing on another's shoulders so a third can climb on top of him and hop over the international border fence.

# data[].attributes.body
Even looking at the name of the article-you can assume that migrants from more "wealthy" countries like Britain feel more brave and demanding for visa, while a migrant from a country like Nigeria, would probably beg or cry for a visa.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
A British woman has been jailed for slapping an immigration officer in an argument over a fine for overstaying her visa.

Auj-e Taqaddas, 42, was found guilty in a court in Denpasar, Indonesia, of violence against an officer carrying out his legal duty at Bali Airport.

Judge Esthar Oktavi sentenced her to six months in prison.

He said that this is lighter than the one-year jail term sought by the prosecutor on July 28 last year.

But Taqaddas was not happy with the ruling.

She told the court: "This is an unfair decision ... I was forcibly brought to the court, no lawyers provided."

She accused the prosecutors of torturing her three times and trapping her in the country.

Waher Tarihorang, an official at the prosecutors' office who oversaw the case, denied using violence and said prosecutors had "the right to take forcible action to bring her to court".

This is after Taqaddas missed several earlier court dates.

Her sentencing had been postponed several times due to her being ill - and when she checked out of hotel and could not be found.

The judge and prosecutor said Taqaddas had filed an appeal.

A smartphone video of the incident, which went viral at the time, showed an agitated Taqaddas shouting and swearing at the immigration official, before slapping him across the face after grappling to snatch her passport.

Taqaddas had overstayed by about 160 days and was asked to pay a fine of 300,000 rupiah (£19) for each day, or about £3,040 in all.

Bali is Indonesia's main tourism hub, attracting millions of foreign tourists a year to its beaches, temples and bars.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Brit woman jailed for slapping immigration officer in argument over visa

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
A British woman has been jailed for slapping an immigration officer in an argument over a fine for overstaying her visa. Auj-e Taqaddas, 42, was found guilty in a court in Denpasar, Indonesia, of violence against an officer carrying out his legal duty at Bali Airport.

# data[].attributes.body
“These actions are completely unacceptable, let alone by someone who is tasked with protecting and serving our community,” the congressman said in a statement.  Words like "completely unacceptable" shows how people are talking against  stereotypes dehumanising immigrants, thereof protecting immigrant's reputations and working towards creating a common positive image towards immigrants and not associating them as "drunks" or criminals.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
A Texas sheriff's son was arrested for public intoxication - a day after his dad blasted certain illegal immigrants as "drunks" at a White House event.

Sergei Waybourn, 24, the estranged son of Tarrant County Sheriff Bill Waybourn, was nabbed Friday near AT&T Stadium on the public drunkenness charge - as well as one for indecent exposure, The Dallas Morning News reported.

The arrest came after the sheriff spoke at a press conference Thursday with Immigration and Customs Enforcement Director Matthew Albence.

Waybourn talked about the danger of releasing illegal immigrants accused of DWI and other crimes, citing the high rate of repeat offenders among the inmates he oversees.

"If we have to turn them loose or they get released, they're coming back to your neighborhood and my neighborhood," Waybourn said. "These drunks will run over your children, and they will run over my children."

The media briefing was in response to a ruling by a federal judge in California last month that curtailed ICE's practice of issuing "detainers," or requests that law enforcement agencies detain suspects believed to be in the country illegally past their release date so ICE can pick them up.

U.S. District Judge André Birotte Jr.'s ruling barred the agency from detaining anyone based only on online database searches that he found unreliable. The ACLU argued that more than 2 million US citizens were illegally detained since 2008 because of those flawed searches.

Waybourn and Albence said the ruling puts the public at risk.

The sheriff took heat for his comments, including from Democratic US Rep. Marc Veasey, whose district includes Tarrant County.

"These actions are completely unacceptable, let alone by someone who is tasked with protecting and serving our community," the congressman said in a statement, according to FOX4News.

Domingo Garcia, national president of the League of United Latin American Citizens, said Waybourn should "resign and apologize for his bigoted comments immediately."

The sheriff insisted his comments were taken out of context.

"Sheriff Waybourn was not referring to all legal or illegal immigrants when making his comments about DWI/DWI repeat offenders," his office said in a statement. "He was speaking toward the charges of DWI and DWI repeat offender in the context of illegal immigration."

Asked about his son's arrest, the sheriff said he and his family are "deeply saddened by Sergei's choices."

"It has been many years since he disassociated from our family," he said in a statement to WFAA. "We, along with many family members have made efforts over the years to help him - all to no avail. It is always sad when drugs take control of a person's life. His choices and actions have lead to this situation."

Sergei was previously arrested in January 2017 for criminal trespassing, the outlet reported.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Sheriff calls illegal immigrants 'drunks' day before son arrested for public intoxication

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
A Texas sheriff's son was arrested for public intoxication - a day after his dad blasted certain illegal immigrants as "drunks" at a White House event. Sergei Waybourn, 24, the estranged son of Tarrant County Sheriff Bill Waybourn, was nabbed Friday near AT&T Stadium on the public drunkenness charge - as well as one for indecent exposure, The Dallas Morning News reported.

# data[].attributes.body
The article one again is giving a negative connotation on how the Trump government is dealing with immigrants. This can be seen when the author quotes Senator Ed Merkley  “Donald Trump is literally deporting kids with cancer.” The word cancer is used as an example of the many diseases that these kids have and the fact that Trump is deporting them. I think that the word cancer was used as it is a disease which everyone knows about and many people suffer from it worldwide

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
The Trump administration has ended a policy that allows undocumented immigrants to stay in the United States and avoid deportation if they are receiving life-saving medical treatments, in a change that advocates have criticised as inhumane.

The policy change, which also takes away protections for immigrants whose family members are receiving life-saving care, was announced this month in letters sent to families informing them of their new standing.

Senator Ed Markey, a Democrat and frequent critic of the president, said that the rule is unprecedented, even for an administration that has come to be known for its harsh and relentless approach to immigration.

"This is a new low," Mr Markey said. "Donald Trump is literally deporting kids with cancer."

"He would be dead," said Mariela Sanchez, a mother from Honduras who has applied for special exemption for her 16-year-old son Jonathan, who has cystic fibrosis. Ms Sanchez was interviewed by the Associated Press.

Ms Sanchez is among those who may be impacted by the rules change, and moved to the Boston area in 2016 so that her son could receive care in the city's hospitals - and after a daughter of hers died from the same disease when doctors in her home country failed to diagnose.

She now has more concerns to add to her plate: "I have panic attacks over this every day."

Critics say that the change in policy could force vulnerable families, like Ms Sanchez's, to seek out lesser treatments in their home countries, which are often poverty stricken. In Boston alone, according to advocate Anthony Marino, the new rule could impact some 20 families fighting HIV, cancer, cerebral palsy, muscular dystrophy, epilepsy, and other conditions.

"Can anyone imagine the government ordering you to disconnect your child from life-saving care - to pull them from a hospital bed - knowing that it will cost them their lives?" Mr Marino, the head of immigration legal services at the Irish International Immigrant Centre, said.

The change has been confirmed by a spokeswoman for US Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS), who indicated the policy came into effect on 7 August.

The special medical or hardship is similar to another policy that the Trump administration has targeted, the Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA) program that was implemented by former president Barack Obama. That programme allows immigrants who were brought to the United States illegally as children to apply for protection from deportation.

Estimates by USCIS indicate that the agency receives around 1,000 deferred action requests a year that are not related to DACA or the military, with most of those citing medical concerns.

Immigrants can now apply for deportation relief from another federal agency, but the letters sent to families in the Boston area do not mention that option and instead order the individuals to leave the US within 33 days or face deportation.
The Associated Press contributed to this report.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Trump administration's latest immigration rule is 'literally deporting kids with cancer'

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
The Trump administration has ended a policy that allows undocumented immigrants to stay in the United States and avoid deportation if they are receiving life-saving medical treatments, in a change that advocates have criticised as inhumane.

# data[].attributes.body
Pre modifier of "dramatically different". The article through the use of pre modifiers is trying to have the reader feel for and empathize for these immigrants who are getting sent back to their countries by Donald Trump, in specific  "Nak Kim ‘Rickie’ Chhoeun", who came to live in the US as a Cambodian refugee in 1981. In the sentence where there is "dramatically different" it states that the lives these immigrants are living will dramatically change as immigrants are now getting deported at a way faster rate.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
When Nak Kim "Rickie" Chhoeun arrived at the Immigration and Customs Enforcement (Ice) field office in Los Angeles last October, he thought it would be a routine check-in.

Instead, he was arrested and detained for six months, unsure whether he would ever see his family, friends or apartment again.

Chhoeun, 43, is one of the nearly 12 million people in the US who are looking over their shoulders for Ice, the interior enforcement immigration agency emboldened by Donald Trump to round up every undocumented immigrant.

Ice agents show up announced at workplaces, doorsteps and courthouses, ready to arrest anyone without legal papers and send them through the agency's detention centers and back to the country they came from.

A year after his arrest, Chhoeun has now learned routine check-ins are a thing of the past and under Trump life is dramatically different for the millions of other undocumented people, just like him, who have spent decades building lives in the US.

"I'm actually living like I'm still locked up because any minute they could come and pick me up and deport me," Chhoeun, a 43-year-old who came to the US as a Cambodian refugee in 1981, told the Guardian. "Everything I have now is just temporary."

Five days after taking office, Trump signed an executive order that effectively stopped Ice from prioritizing criminals for deportation. Instead, they are now going after all the estimated 11.3 million undocumented immigrants in the US at once - drawing little distinction between hardened criminals and productive community members who have started businesses, bought homes and paid their taxes.

This includes a 10-year-old with cerebral palsy Ice arrested in October 2017 after she left a Texas hospital for treatment; undocumented adults who volunteer to take custody of children who crossed the border by themselves; and an elderly couple visiting their pregnant daughter-in-law and her husband at a military base in New York for the Fourth of July holiday.

"The idea is to try to send the message to communities that everybody is at risk of deportation by arresting all sorts of people who are no kind of threat and who very well may be productive members of their communities with US citizen family members and people who rely on them and all that sort of thing," said Omar Jadwat, director of the ACLU's Immigrants' Rights Project. "None of that matters to the administration is very much the message they very much want to send."

Lawyers and advocates said this "papers, please" mentality has led to Ice targeting more people at sensitive locations such as schools and hospitals, more vulnerable populations and more people eligible for immigration relief. The same month Chhoeun was arrested, Ice deported a Detroit father who had helped police while his application for a special visa was pending.

US judge blocks Trump administration from ending key immigrant protections

"If you're just looking to get your deportation numbers up and to send that message of general fear they are an attractive target for this administration," Jadwat said.

From January to October 2017, Ice arrested 37,670 people who had no criminal convictions, according to the Transactional Records Access Clearinghouse (T rac) a non-profit, non-partisan data center at Syracuse University. That's a 125% increase from the year before, when Ice arrested 16,673 people with no criminal convictions, according to Trac data published last month.

That jump is what has alarmed immigrant communities most, because it represents people picked up in a variety of scenarios, including outside courthouses, in workplace raids and at their homes.

And as of 30 June 2018, 58% of the 44,435 people in Ice custody had no criminal record, according to T rac. Four out of five either had no criminal record or only had a minor offense on their record such as a traffic violation.

The increase in non-criminal arrests has not gone unnoticed by the American public. Indeed it has thrust Ice into the national debate over immigration; the agency is now feared, dreaded and hated by some, and lionized and exulted by others.

San Antonio-based consultant Alonzo Peña was Ice's deputy director from 2008 to 2010 and worked in the agency and one of its precursors, the US Customs Service, since 1984. He said until Trump took office, Ice was the "red-headed stepchild" of DHS and went largely unnoticed outside the immigration community.

Now, it regularly receives praise from Trump and attacks from the left, where an " abolish Ice " movement has emerged.

Living in fear 'every single day' as immigration raids wreak havoc

Ice was designated in 2003 under the homeland security department formed in response to 9/11. It succeeded the Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS), an agency whose tasks were divided among three other immigration agencies including Ice, which took up the investigation and enforcement role.

Where Customs and Border Patrol is focused on border apprehensions, Ice is focused on interior enforcement and has the authority to investigate anything that crosses the border including drugs, money, weapons and people.

Peña said it was "absolutely not" a realistic goal for Ice to deport all undocumented immigrants in the US and that the country needs comprehensive immigration reform to address the problems Trump claims to be resolving.

"Why would you take that budget that's limited and not use it to say we're going to go after the worst people who are illegal and here? ... The target goal is 12 million people who are here illegally, why are you going to target a little girl with cerebral palsy?"

Peña said many, if not most, of the 20,000 Ice employeesoppose some of Trump's immigration policies, such as family separation, and question how trying to deport everyone will meet national security goals. He said they continue, however, because it's easier to look away when you're getting attention.

"It's the bitter pill they'll swallow," Peña said. "They'll say, 'Hey, we know that, but we're getting attention, we're getting resources. If it makes him happy, we'll do it and find another way to do the cases we still want to do.'"

Ice's higher profile and more aggressive arrests have made the agency a target for lawyers nationwide.

In June, Ice arrested Pablo Villavicencio, a pizza delivery man in New York City, when he arrived with a bulk lunch order at Fort Hamilton army base. The father of two, who had applied for a green card before arrest, was fast-tracked for deportation but the government dropped the case last week after it received international media attention.

Facebook Twitter Pinterest

Luciana Villavicencio holds up a picture of her father, Pablo Villavicencio, who was detained by Ice in June as he was delivering pizza to Fort Hamilton army base. Photograph: Justin Lane/EPA

"What they would like to do is deport people and skip the whole legal process, right?" said the ACLU's Jadwat. "That was the idea initially behind this and I think their legal position is still they can sweep these people up and put them on a plane and they're gone before you know it. It's only because we and other lawyers have stepped up and said you have to provide some due process before you ship someone to a place where their lives could be in danger that they haven't been able to kind of send people abroad immediately."

Chhoeun has been able to stay in the US because of a lawsuit filed by the Asian Law Caucus, Asian Americans Advancing Justice - Los Angeles (AAJC) and Sidley Austin LLP, on behalf of1,900 Cambodian refugees subject to final orders of removal.

On a bridge between borders, asylum seekers linger in painful limbo

The ongoing lawsuit, which he is a lead plaintiff in, said these refugees were rounded up last autumn because of deportation orders they received decades ago for criminal convictions. Cambodia refused to accept the individuals and because they could not be detained indefinitely by Ice, they were released.

Then, in October 2017, they started to be arrested again. "The recent raids appear to be a tactic by Ice to coerce Cambodia into cooperating with a US deportation policy that breaks families apart," AAJC explained in a statement.

Like Chhoeun, most of the class members moved to the US decades ago seeking refuge from the Khmer Rouge, whose rule left a quarter of Cambodia's population dead from starvation, disease or execution. Chhoeun was born in 1975, the year Pol Pot's communist "utopia" experiment began its murderous four-year reign over Cambodia.

Chhoeun said he does not have strong ties to the country. Before coming to the US at age six, he mostly lived in a Thai refugee camp. His mother, three brothers and three sisters are US citizens.

Chhoeun pleaded guilty in 1999 to charges of simple assault and illegal firearm possession. He was arrested again in October 2017 after being summoned to the Ice field office.

His neighbors thought he was dead while he was detained because his kitchen stank with rotting food. He said he can't buy a new television, car or house because he doesn't want to spend the money if he could be whisked away at any moment while his lawsuit plods on.

"It's hard to live like that," Chhoeun said. "I live in fear."
Topics

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
'I live in fear': under Trump, life for America's immigrants can change in a flash

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
When Nak Kim "Rickie" Chhoeun arrived at the Immigration and Customs Enforcement (Ice) field office in Los Angeles last October, he thought it would be a routine check-in. Instead, he was arrested and detained for six months, unsure whether he would ever see his family, friends or apartment again.

# data[].attributes.body
"Far from demanding an immigration crackdown, no less than 71 per cent support allowing EU migrants to come to the UK..."
The article uses a pre modifier to the number of 71% , that being "no less than" meaning that the article finds this number surprising and shocking.
"The results represent a striking shift from three years ago"
Once again, another pre modifier is used, this time labelling the shift as "strivking", probably insinuating the views of this article being negative towards this shift and change.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
The public no longer believes it is necessary to leave the EU to control immigration in an extraordinary turnaround since the Brexit referendum, a survey has found,

Voters - including Leave supporters - said they now judge that existing EU rules provide "enough control" on incomers from the continent, without the need for the UK to pull out.

Far from demanding an immigration crackdown, no less than 71 per cent support allowing EU migrants to come to the UK either to work or study - including 62 per cent of Leave voters from 2016.

The results represent a striking shift from three years ago, when a widespread anti-immigration sentiment fuelled the Brexit vote, rather than a general revolt against the system as many politicians claimed.

Crucially, the researchers at University College London put it down to "missing information" - because so many people were unaware about the existing controls back in 2016.

Just 20 per cent knew about the "three-month rule", the EU regulation - never enforced by the UK - requiring any EU citizen seeking to stay beyond three months to work, study or have enough money to support themselves.

And only 13 per cent were aware the UK could require EU citizens to register where they live, as some other EU countries do, to track those not meeting the strict conditions.

Instead, no less than 47 per cent of respondents wrongly believed there were no possible restrictions on EU immigration - including 58 per cent of Leave voters and 62 per cent of pensioners.

The poll will therefore fuel arguments for a Final Say referendum on the Brexit outcome, because - just as in the vital area of cross-border trade - voters now have fresh knowledge.

Diane Abbott, Labour's shadow home secretary, said: "Too many politicians are whipping up fear of immigration for purely political advantage.

The latest news on Brexit, politics and beyond direct to your inbox

"But once voters know about the controls available under existing EU rules they are largely content."

And Christine Jardine, the Liberal Democrat home affairs spokesperson, hailed the survey as evidence that "British people recognise the huge benefits of EU free movement ".

"It gives us all the opportunity to study, work and retire anywhere in the EU. And EU citizens make enormous contributions to our society, economy and culture," she said.

Back in 2016, voters were blitzed by hardline anti-immigration messages such as Vote Leave's notorious stoking of fears about Turkish immigration by claiming the Muslim country could join the EU by 2020.

In the days before the referendum, Nigel Farage unveiled his inflammatory "Breaking Point" poster of desperate refugees, which was condemned as akin to 1930s fascist propaganda.

Once informed about the immigration controls the UK could be introducing already, public opposition to EU rules falls away dramatically, the poll found.

Almost two-thirds of those surveyed (64 per cent) said the "three-month rule" would provide "enough control" over EU immigration, including most Conservatives (61 per cent) and most Leave supporters (58 per cent).

Dr Alan Renwick, the deputy director of UCL's Constitution Unit, said: "These results suggest that a majority of British adults would be content with a system that enforced all the controls available to it on EU immigration.

"When it comes to accessing the single market and controlling immigration, it may be that the choice is not such an either/or one as is often supposed."

And Dr Lee de-Wit, director of the political psychology lab at Cambridge University, pointed to the huge attention given to "misinformation in political campaigns", adding: "This poll highlights the simpler phenomenon of 'missing information'."

The survey, of more than 1,000 British adults, carried out by YouGov between 20 and 30 August, builds on previous polls finding remarkable changing attitudes towards immigration.

In April, an Ipsos Mori survey for the BBC, found it was a concern for only 11 per cent of people - the lowest level since 2001.

A month earlier, the same company found that British adults expressing positive views about immigration's impact outnumbered those with negative views.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Public now believes immigration can be controlled without Brexit, poll finds

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
The public no longer believes it is necessary to leave the EU to control immigration in an extraordinary turnaround since the Brexit referendum, a survey has found, Voters - including Leave supporters - said they now judge that existing EU rules provide "enough control" on incomers from the continent, without the need for the UK to pull out.

# data[].attributes.body
" Shipon Ahmed, 39, left the five-year-old in agony after shattering the strongest bone in his body by kicking or stamping on him with devastating force. "

The pre and post modifiers of " shattering the strongest bone in his body" are used to portray Ahmed as a violent monster. In fact, the word "shattering" creates a vivid visual of destruction in the reader and the post modifier of "strongest bone in his body" demonstrates that Ahmed acted with such violence and force that he was able to break the strongest bone in the child's body. The fact that the bone wasn't named also suggests that this was an exaggeration and feeds into the narrative that all migrants are violent animals capable of atrocities.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
(Image: SWNS)

An illegal immigrant has been told he will be deported after smashing a little boy's thigh bone in an 'unbelievable act of brutality'.

Shipon Ahmed, 39, left the five-year-old in agony after shattering the strongest bone in his body by kicking or stamping on him with devastating force.

The Bangladeshi national, who was in the UK illegally, claimed the child had tripped over a toy and the boy was too terrified to tell anyone what had happened to him.

Just two weeks before he stood trial for his wicked crime, Ahmed glassed a man in the face in Tequila Nightclub in Bradford, West Yorkshire.

He was found guilty of both offences in separate trials.
Read more:
Sentencing Ahmed at Bradford Crown Court, Judge Jonathan Durham Hall QC told him: "You really are not just a man of breathtaking arrogance - but you are a very violent person.

"You will be deported, I have no doubt. You will be sent back to Bangladesh."

A paediatric doctor said the boy had been swung by his leg, kicked or stamped on.

Speaking about the horrific injuries, Judge Hall said: "It was an unbelievable act of brutality. His injuries were comparable to falling from a considerable height or being seriously hurt in a car crash."

In the second attack, David Weglewski suffered massive blood loss, arterial damage and numerous lacerations after Ahmed attacked him at Tequila Nightclub in Bradford at 2am on December 5 last year.

He was taken by ambulance to the Major Trauma Ward at Leeds General Infirmary where shards of broken glass were surgically removed from his face.
Read more:
The court heard that Ahmed attacked Mr Weglewski in a jealous rage after he asked his girlfriend to a party - and was then remanded in custody charged with a second Section 18 wounding.

Ahmed, of Bradford, was branded "seriously dangerous" by judge Hall and given an extended sentence of 18 years - 10 years for breaking the little boy's femur and five years for the glass attack.

The court heard Ahmed had sociopathic and psychopathic tendencies.

Judge Durham Hall extended the licence period by three years, telling Ahmed: "You clearly are a very dangerous man."

Ahmed had previous convictions for benefit fraud, harassment, and battery on a former partner.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Illegal immigrant set to be deported after smashing little boy's thigh bone

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
An illegal immigrant has been told he will be deported after smashing a little boy's thigh bone in an 'unbelievable act of brutality'. Shipon Ahmed, 39, left the five-year-old in agony after shattering the strongest bone in his body by kicking or stamping on him with devastating force.

# data[].attributes.body
"Refugees are often people of great skill, resourcefulness and industry."

"I have remained determined to elevate the plight of refugees to the top of the global agenda today."

By using the quote "people of great skill, resourcefulness and industry," The Independent is painting immigrants in the light of being useful and resourceful people who will benefit the country they are coming to, rather than being unskilled and unhelpful. This shows the reader that they will be helpful in their country rather than 'taking over' their country.

The pre-modifier 'plight' implies that it is something unfortunate that needs help and assistance. This uses the bias that refugees need help, and not to be forced back into their own countries.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
The mass movement of people is a global phenomenon; one that is here to stay. A former refugee myself, as a child I experienced the trauma and wrenching displacement of fleeing my home during the Korean War. The human suffering I witnessed as I fled my burning village with my parents continued to haunt me in the days and years to come.

As secretary-general of the United Nations, I met so many children around the world, particularly in Africa and the Middle East, who reminded me of my own painful experiences. Seeing myself in each of them, I have remained determined to elevate the plight of refugees to the top of the global agenda today.

As part of The Elders, I know that unless we unite in the face of this global problem, refugees will continue to experience levels of marginalisation and exploitation in direct contravention of their human rights.

We'll tell you what's true. You can form your own view.

From 15p €0.18 $0.18 USD 0.27 a day, more exclusives, analysis and extras.

The UN general assembly considers the sustainable development goals to be a priority; and rightly so. The SDGs offer a path to a more peaceful, prosperous and sustainable world where no one is left behind. They are a triumph of multilateral diplomacy and solidarity at a time when the voices of isolationism and populism are becoming ever more strident.

I am hugely proud to have been the secretary-general who oversaw the adoption of the SDGs in 2015.

Above all, they are a collaborative endeavour, where business leaders can and must play a critical role alongside non-governmental organisations like the International Rescue Committee, labour unions, women, youth, faith leaders and other representatives of civil society. If we are serious about leaving no one behind as we deliver the SDGs, then we need to think creatively and compassionately about how to include the needs, rights, voices and aspirations of refugees in our discussions.

So far, the world has been unprepared to respond to the increasing mobility and influx of refugees, and anti-migrant sentiment has resulted in policies of containment and rejection instead of inclusion and cooperation.

However, by using the framework of the SDGs, businesses can play a vital role in securing progress towards the goals for refugees, ensuring they are not excluded from this monumental global effort. How we respond to refugees is a test of our common humanity.

I firmly believe that the talents of refugees and businesses can combine to form a virtuous circle which can then encourage politicians to take progressive steps to improve integration and combat xenophobia, bigotry and racism.

Refugees are often people of great skill, resourcefulness and industry; just think of the Jewish emigres from Nazi Germany who made such a significant contribution to the cultural, academic, scientific and economic life of the United States in the 1930s and 1940s - including the founder of the IRC himself, Albert Einstein.

Businesses can also play a crucial role in integrating refugees into their new communities, particularly in countries that border conflict zones and receive the highest number of arrivals, sometimes placing strains on public services and infrastructure.

The business community can help alleviate these pressures by bringing knowledge, resources, funding, employment and capacity-building capabilities to bear on the situation, and thus create opportunities and services that allow both new arrivals and host communities to thrive.

In Jordan, Greece and Nigeria, the Citi Foundation and the IRC have teamed up to support young entrepreneurs who have fled crisis and are now working to set up their own businesses. One recent study shows that investing one euro in welcoming refugees can yield nearly two euros in economic benefits within five years.

Business acumen aside, there is a global, moral responsibility to respect the rights of all people on the move, regardless of their status. It is vital that business leaders continue to support refugees and advocate the economic benefits that accrue to all of society from a generous and humane approach to refugees and migration.

In a number of countries across both the developed and developing world, refugee policies are influenced by a populist backlash that has tapped into and stoked nativist fears about immigrants and their descendants.

Some politicians feel that they must be tough towards immigrants and be seen to be protecting their country's borders and national identities. For example, in the United States, the resulting policies have taken on increasingly cruel forms, with children detained and separated from their asylum-seeking parents in violation of the best interests of the child.

By pursuing such aggressive and self-seeking policies, the humanity of refugees is placed last, when it should be at the core of any and all policy formation.

As climate change, conflict, poverty and instability continue to displace many millions of people, migration patterns will only continue to increase. Inaction, or the shirking of moral responsibility, is simply not an option.
Ban Ki-moon is a former secretary-general of the United Nations and deputy chair of The Elders

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Ban Ki-moon: I know the trauma faced by refugees. Now I want businesses to help ease the cruelty they endure

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
The mass movement of people is a global phenomenon; one that is here to stay. A former refugee myself, as a child I experienced the trauma and wrenching displacement of fleeing my home during the Korean War. The human suffering I witnessed as I fled my burning village with my parents continued to haunt me in the days and years to come.

# data[].attributes.body
The article uses omission, providing quotes only from authorities, such as "We have been a soft touch on foreign criminals for too long." and "Deterring foreign criminals from re-entering the country and putting those that do behind bars for longer will make our country safer." which put the government under a good light implying that it has always been lenient with immigrants, but now they will care for their the safety citizens. This pushes the reader to side with the government's perspective, seeing immigrants as a danger to society.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Boris Johnson's new legislative programme, to be set out at the State Opening of Parliament, will include drastically increasing sentences for banished lawbreakers returning from overseas from the current 10-week average. Offenders convicted of serious violence or sex attacks will also be kept locked up for longer under a proposal to abolish current rules allowing their early release half-way through jail terms imposed by the courts. Murderers who refuse to disclose the location of their victims' bodies could also be denied parole.

And laws against domestic abuse are to be radically update to ensure better protection for victims.

The package of measures will form the centrepiece of a wide-ranging new Government programme today to show the Prime Minister is serious about tackling the surge in crime on Britain's streets and keeping people safe.

Home Secretary Priti Patel said: "We have been a soft touch on foreign criminals for too long.

"The sentence for breaching a deportation order is far too low at the moment and many criminals conclude that it's worth trying to get back in the country when all you get is a slap on the wrist.

"Deterring foreign criminals from re-entering the country and putting those that do behind bars for longer will make our country safer."

Mr Johnson's first legislative programme is to include a wide-ranging raft of proposals including raising the minimum hourly wage to £10.50, scrapping the rail franchise system and introducing compulsory voter identification at polling stations.

Draft legislation for an EU Withdrawal Agreement and for introducing a new post-Brexit points-based immigration system will also be unveiled.

And the Prime Minister has also sought to deliver on his promises made during the Tory leadership campaign for tackling rising crime.

He has already begun a driver to recruit 20,000 more police officers and is determined to toughen sentences to keep criminal locked up for longer.

In particular, the Prime Minister and his Home Secretary will seek to address public concern about crimes committed by foreigners.

A new criminal justice bill will increase sentences for foreign national offenders who return to the UK in breach of deportation orders.

Whitehall sources said the move would lengthen such jail terms from "weeks to years".

Ministers believe the measure will help disrupt the activities of organised crime networks operating across national borders. Around 400 crooks are estimated to break deportation orders every year yet typically only face a six-month sentence.

The proposed new law will also give police new powers to arrest on the basis of warnings from Interpol.

Under current rules, officers need to apply for a warrant to arrest on the basis of a "Red Notice" from the international crime-fighting organisation, a process that can take up to eight hours.

Measures in the proposed criminal justice bill will allow police to carry out arrests as soon as they receive an Interpol "Red Notice".

A separate Domestic Abuse Bill included in the Queen's Speech will set out a new legal definition of the crime and give legal force to the role of the Domestic Abuse Commissioner.

It will emphasise that domestic abuse can cover economic and emotional abuse and coercive behaviour as well as physical attacks.

Victims of the crime will automatically be eligible for special protection during court proceedings including being able to give evidence by video link.

Sentencing proposals announced by Ms Patel in her Tory conference speech will also feature in the Queen's Speech.

The Government will abolish the current automatic half-way release for the most serious offenders who currently receive standard fixed-term sentences, including those found guilty of rape, manslaughter and grievous bodily harm.

Community sentences are also to be toughened up under the law-and-order crackdown to ensure they are not a "soft option".

And the Queen's speech will also include the long-expected "Helen's Law" to place a legal duty on the Parole Board to reflect the cruelty of killers who refuse to give the location of a victim's remains when considering their release.

The measure follows a campaign named after Helen McCourt, who was murdered in 1988. Her killer Ian Simms has not revealed the location of her remains.

Today's Queen Speech will also formally declare the end to free movement for EU citizens to come to the UK by unveiling a Bill to introduce an Australian-style points-based immigration system.

It emerged yesterday the legislation will offer preferential treatment for would-be migrants if they agree to live outside London and the South East of England in a bid to promote economic growth in less prosperous parts of the country.

Applicants to come to the UK will gain a higher score if they signal that they are prepared to live in low-income areas.

Migrants from in-demand professions including doctors, nurses or computer programmers will also score highly in the application procedure.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Boris Johnson's Queen speech to announce crackdown on foreign criminals sneaking into UK

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Boris Johnson's new legislative programme, to be set out at the State Opening of Parliament, will include drastically increasing sentences for banished lawbreakers returning from overseas from the current 10-week average. Offenders convicted of serious violence or sex attacks will also be kept locked up for longer under a proposal to abolish current rules allowing their early release half-way through jail terms imposed by the courts.

# data[].attributes.body
"Joe Giudice couldn’t be happier now that’s he’s out of ICE custody, according to a new screenshot of the “Real Housewives of New Jersey” star smiling from ear-to-ear".

It uses emotive language when it says happier, whole new man shows how leaving ICE which detains immigrants made him much happier which puts us on his side. Putting us on his side shows that ICE is negative in a persons life and that leaving would make them happier and completely change their lives putting ICE in a negative light.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Joe Giudice couldn't be happier now that's he's out of ICE custody, according to a new screenshot of the "Real Housewives of New Jersey" star smiling from ear-to-ear.

Daughter Gia, 18, shared the image with fans via Instagram, writing, "One of the happiest moments of my life!. Love you so much daddy, so happy your [sic] free! see you so soon ❤️❤️."

In the FaceTime screen grab, Giudice is noticeably thinner than he was over three years ago, when fans last saw photos of the reality star.

His eldest daughter also posted a sweet throwback photo of her as a toddler, being held by Giudice.

Joe flew back to his native country Friday night after two judges signed off on his request to have the US Immigration and Customs Enforcement release him from custody. The father of four was taken into custody by the agency after serving a 41-month sentence for fraud.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Joe Giudice looks like a whole new man as he is released from ICE custody

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Joe Giudice couldn't be happier now that's he's out of ICE custody, according to a new screenshot of the "Real Housewives of New Jersey" star smiling from ear-to-ear. Daughter Gia, 18, shared the image with fans via Instagram, writing, "One of the happiest moments of my life!.

# data[].attributes.body
A British family was jailed after mistakenly crossing Canadian border into US. The use of emotive language in the quote of the 24 year old mother:  “The memory of our little baby having to sleep on a dirty floor of a cell will haunt us forever” portrays how some pity towards migrants should be felt. A positive bias judgement is been expressed towards migr

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
A British family took a wrong turn into the US during a vacation in Canada - and are now stuck in a Pennsylvania jail where their 3-month-old baby has been subjected to horrific conditions, they claimed in a report published Monday.

Eileen Connors, 24, her husband David Connors, 30, and his cousin Michael Connors "had no idea they had crossed any boundary" when they swerved onto an unmarked road to avoid an animal while visiting Vancouver Oct. 3, their lawyer, Bridget Cambria, told The Philadelphia Inquirer.

"They had no idea they were even in the United States. They were just trying to get back to their hotel," Cambria said.

In a sworn statement obtained by the paper, Eileen wrote that within moments of Michael veering, multiple police cars and US Border Patrol agents appeared.

"You crossed an international border," an officer told the family, she said.

The family was taken into custody and David and Eileen said they were denied the right to contact their embassy.

Eileen claims she and her baby boy were instead forced to sleep on a cold floor at a facility near the Canadian border with only thin, metallic-looking Mylar emergency blankets.

"The memory of our little baby having to sleep on a dirty floor of a cell will haunt us forever," she wrote.

The next day, Eileen said her husband was taken to a freezing cell inside another detention center while she and their son were sent to a Red Roof Inn in Seattle.

When they were taken to the Seattle airport the day after that, Eileen said she thought they would be flying home.

Instead, they arrived on Oct. 5 to the Berks Detention Center in Leesport, Pa., - one of three facilities in the country that hold migrant families.

There, Eileen said her son was subjected to squalid and frigid conditions, leaving him with blotchy skin and a possible eye infection.

At one point, the child was left naked for several hours in the cold jail when all his clothing and blankets were taken to be washed, she claimed.

"When I ask how am I supposed to keep my baby warm in this horrible cold, all they tell me is to put a hat on him... They even took away one of his formula containers, which I had to beg for three days for them to return it to me," she wrote.

The family's lawyer filed a complaint on their behalf with the inspector general of the U.S. Department of Homeland Security, which oversees immigration agencies.

Eileen wrote that the family will "be traumatized for the rest of our lives by what the United States government has done to us."

"We have been treated like criminals here, stripped of our rights, and lied to," she wrote. "This would never happen in the United Kingdom to U.S. citizens, or anyone else, because people there are treated with dignity."

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
British family jailed after mistakenly crossing Canadian border into US

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
A British family took a wrong turn into the US during a vacation in Canada - and are now stuck in a Pennsylvania jail where their 3-month-old baby has been subjected to horrific conditions, they claimed in a report published Monday.

# data[].attributes.body
" Two facilities prematurely placed detainees in disciplinary segregation. "
This phrase was repeated several times throughout the article. The repeated use of the word segregation doesn't only emphasize the extent of the abuse that the detainees are subjected to in the facilities but also has a rather negative connotation as it evokes ideas of violence, inequality and racism in the reader. This amplifies the sense of compassion in the reader and creates the perspective that immigrants are treated unjustly and inhumanely in the ICE facilities.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
An investigation has found nooses in cells of US immigration detention centres with staff serving spoiled food and wrongly putting people in isolation.

Homeland security inspectors visited four Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) centres and described "egregious violations" of standards at two of them including inadequate medical care.

Between May and November 2018, investigators arrived unannounced at Adelanto ICE Processing Centre in California, LaSalle ICE Processing Centre in Louisiana, Aurora ICE Processing Centre in Colorado and Essex County Correctional Facility in New Jersey.

The first three are privately run by GEO Group; together the four sites can hold up to 4,981 people.

The worst conditions, constituting "immediate risks or egregious violations of detention standards" were encountered at Adelanto and Essex County.

"At Adelanto, lunch meat and cheese were mixed and stored uncovered in large walk-in refrigerators; lunch meat was also unwrapped and unlabeled; chicken smelled foul and appeared to be spoiled; and food in the freezer was expired," inspectors said.

They added: "The inspection at the Adelanto facility revealed significant health and safety risks, including nooses in detainee cells, improper and overly restrictive segregation, and inadequate detainee medical care.

"At the Essex facility, we found unreported security incidents, food safety issues, and facility conditions that endanger detainee health."

Food handling at Essex was so poor the kitchen manager was replaced during the inspection. "Open packages of raw chicken leaked blood all over refrigeration units ... lunch meat was slimy, foul-smelling and appeared to be spoiled; and mouldy bread was stored in the refrigerator."

Use of segregation cells was found to break ICE rules in three centres.

Investigators wrote: "Our spot inspections of the Adelanto, Essex, and Aurora facilities identified serious issues with the administrative and disciplinary segregation of detainees. Two facilities prematurely placed detainees in disciplinary segregation.

"All three facilities placed detainees in disciplinary segregation in restraints when outside their cells. One facility strip-searched detainees entering segregation. Two facilities did not provide detainees in segregation the required recreation time or time outside cells."

It came as Donald Trump 's administration confronted a worsening problem at the US-Mexico border, where a dramatic increase in the number of Central American migrants has been recorded.

While most people arriving there are families who cannot be easily returned to their home countries, the number of single adults is also on the rise.

Immigration officials are detaining an increasing number of single adults - currently totalling some 52,000 - but are funded for only 45,000. The administration has asked for an extra $4.5bn (£3.5bn) to fund more bed space.

Last month, Border Patrol agents made 132,887 apprehensions, the figure topping 100,000 for the first time since April 2007 and setting a record with 84,542 adults and children taken into custody.

A further 11,507 were children travelling alone, and 36,838 were single adults.

ICE officials said they were working to ensure all facilities complied with standards. "The safety, rights and health of detainees in ICE's care are paramount," the agency's chief financial officer, Stephen Roncone, wrote to inspectors.

A GEO Group spokesman said in a statement to The Independent: "The findings identified in this report pertaining to GEO-operated facilities were swiftly corrected last year.

"We take seriously any shortcomings in our delivery of consistent, high-quality care, taking immediate action as needed.

"We always strive to provide culturally responsive services in safe and humane environments that meet the needs of the individuals in the care of federal immigration authorities."
Additional reporting by AP

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Spoiled food and nooses in cells found at US migrant detention centres

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
An investigation has found nooses in cells of US immigration detention centres with staff serving spoiled food and wrongly putting people in isolation. Homeland security inspectors visited four Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) centres and described "egregious violations" of standards at two of them including inadequate medical care.

# data[].attributes.body
"The government of Pedro Sánchez, Spain’s caretaker prime minister, said on Sunday that it was preparing the southern Andalucían port of Algeciras to accept the Open Arms, an NGO ship carrying 147 migrants. The Spanish vessel has been waiting at sea off the Italian island of Lampedusa for two weeks in difficult weather with worsening living conditions aboard."

Words as "difficult weather" and "worsening living conditions" gives a negative connotation towards Italy's decision to not take in the immigrants and supports Spain.

# data[].attributes.body
The article connotes a negative feeling towards migrants and immigrations as it manipulates the wording of the governors and politicians who threaten each other saying "we will send 2.6 million refugees your way." This demonstrates how people do not want to deal with the immigrants and they are bargains to a country, showing how welcoming immigrants into their country will backfire.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
The bloc's interior ministers failed to agree on a blueprint for how more migrants rescued at sea could be distributed across the EU. Germany, France, Italy and Malta are pushing to establish a quota system for distribution of migrants brought back to Europe. But after technical talks on the proposals, they couldn't convince other EU countries to sign up.

Only Ireland, Luxembourg and Portugal agreed to support the "fast-track" plan, which would screen migrants, relocate asylum seekers and return people who do not qualify for asylum, all within four weeks.

Luxembourg's Foreign minister Jean Asselborn said: "We were seven yesterday, seven this morning and seven this evening. So things haven't changed much.

"Why us, and why no one else?"

France predicted there could be around 10 EU countries ready to do a deal.

Amelie de Montchalin, the country's European affairs minister, said: "I think there are around 10 countries that are ready to play the game. Perhaps others.

"We are going to be able to say that when a boat arrives, we know who to call and that there are countries ready to send teams in."

Ahead of the discussions, Germany's Horst Seehofer warned of a repeat of the 2015 migrant crisis unless Brussels can agree a bloc-wide approach.

The German interior minister said: "If there is no common European asylum policy, there is a danger that uncontrolled immigration will once again take place throughout Europe."
MUST READ: ISIS terror threat: Fears grow as 11,000 fighters plan break-out
Greece and Cyprus have also warned of increased migrant arrivals from neighbouring Turkey.

Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan today threatened to send millions of Syrian refugees to Europe if Brussels labelled its military movement into Syria an "invasion".

He said: "We will open the gates and send 2.6 million refugees your way."

In 2016 the EU agreed to hand Turkey €6 billion in return for it keeping Syrian refugees on Turkish territory.

DON'T MISS
Turkey invades Syria: Why is Turkey fighting the Kurds in Syria? [ANALYSIS]
Turkey holidays: Britons issued travel warning as Turkey bombs Syria [WARNING]
World War 3: The best country to escape to as Turkey attacks Syria [INSIGHT]

The agreement has been been marred by ongoing clashes between Brussels and Ankara.

Last week France's Emmanuel Macron highlighted the growing divided by accusing Turkey of using he migration threat as a "means of pressure" on the EU over Turkish foreign policy.

Mevlüt Cavusoglu, the Turkish foreign minister, missed the French President as a "crowing cockerel" who had "exceeded is boundaries by defaming Turkey".

Placing himself at the centre of the EU's migration policy, Mr Seehofer reached out to Turkey to prevent a further escalation in the row.

"Turkey is doing a great deal in welcoming refugees," he said.

"It is also in our interests but it is clear that we cannot manage the future with the resources of the past."

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
EU risks plunging into fresh migrant crisis as leaders fail to agree new plan

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
The bloc's interior ministers failed to agree on a blueprint for how more migrants rescued at sea could be distributed across the EU. Germany, France, Italy and Malta are pushing to establish a quota system for distribution of migrants brought back to Europe.

# data[].attributes.body
"Trump bans immigrants from entering US if they are too poor to afford healthcare"

Using the word 'poor' comes with negative connotations of being less than other people. It paints Trump in a negative light because it shows him as not being caring or compassionate towards less fortunate people.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Immigrants applying for US visas will be denied entry unless they can prove they can afford healthcare, the Trump administration has announced.

A proclamation signed on Friday by Donald Trump said the rule would apply to people seeking immigrant visas from abroad but will not affect lawful permanent residents, asylum seekers, refugees or children.

It will apply to spouses and parents of US citizens though, potentially impacting families who want to bring their parents to the US.

Approved health insurance will include plans purchased individually or provided by an employer, as well as short-term coverage or "catastrophic" plans for emergency care.

However, Medicaid does not count and an immigrant will not be able to obtain a visa if they buy insurance using Affordable Care Act (ACA) subsidies, which are paid for by the federal government.

The move is the latest example of the Trump administration limiting immigrants' access to public programmes.

Earlier this year, the administration made sweeping changes to make it harder for immigrants who use public benefits, such as food stamps and Medicaid, to obtain a green card and American citizenship.

The proclamation announced yesterday said immigrants would be barred from entering the country unless they are to be covered by health insurance within 30 days of their entry or have the financial resources to pay for any medical costs.

The ruling is set to become effective on 3 November.

Larry Levitt, executive vice president for health policy at the Kaiser Family Foundation think tank, said that the move was a "classic catch-22" for low-income immigrants.

"They will need health insurance to be in the country legally [and] the only way they may be able to afford coverage is with ACA subsidies," he told Politico.

"But, if they buy insurance with ACA subsidies, it won't count as insurance under the proclamation."

The White House said in a statement that too many non-citizens were taking advantage of the country's "generous public health programmes", and said immigrants contribute to the problem of "uncompensated healthcare costs".

Doug Rand, a former Obama administration official who is the co-founder of the company Boundless Immigration, said the move was a "shameless" attempt to ban immigrants.

"This new attempt at an immigration ban is as shameless as it is stunning," he tweeted.

"It will be chaotic to implement and guaranteed to separate US citizens from their legal immigrant spouses and other close relatives."

According to the Migration Policy Institute, a non-partisan immigration think tank, 57 per cent of US immigrants had private health insurance in 2017, compared with 69 per cent of US-born citizens.

Thirty per cent had public health insurance coverage, compared with 36 per cent of US-born citizens.

The uninsured rate for immigrants dropped from 32 per cent to 20 per cent from 2013 to 2017, following the implementation of the ACA, according to the think tank.

On average, about 1.1 million people manage to obtain a green card each year.
Agencies contributed to this report

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Trump bans immigrants from entering US if they are too poor to afford healthcare

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Immigrants applying for US visas will be denied entry unless they can prove they can afford healthcare, the Trump administration has announced. A proclamation signed on Friday by Donald Trump said the rule would apply to people seeking immigrant visas from abroad but will not affect lawful permanent residents, asylum seekers, refugees or children.

# data[].attributes.body
The image used of the beggining of the article portrays a negative connotation to how the U.S.A is dealing with immigrants. This image was just is a mural on dowtown Las Vegas which was done just a day after Trump ammended new laws regarding the Green Card and immigrants. The statue of liberty being arrested shows how the United States go vernment ammending these new laws and their new immigration policy is af they were arresting the statue of liberty. As for immigrants in the United States they have basically removed liverty from immigrants.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
A mural of the Statue of Liberty, handcuffed and slammed on the hood of a police cruiser, is drawing attention in downtown Las Vegas, a day after a top Trump administration official in charge of immigration suggested the statue's famous inscription be amended to include a test of means.

Under the pseudonym Recycled Propaganda, artist and British immigrant Izaac Zevalking painted the image on a wall late last month, before citizenship and immigration services director Ken Cuccinelli - jokingly - suggested amending Emma Lazarus's sonnet inscribed on the statue to read: "Give me your tired and your poor who can stand on their own two feet and who will not become a public charge."
Trump officials to deny green cards to those who use Medicaid or food stamps
Zevalking told Las Vegas station KTNV: "My purpose of doing what I did with the Statue of Liberty is to try and draw analogies with America's past and how it was founded and how it was largely built by immigrants, to really make an analogy out of that so that people can apply that to contemporary society and contemporary issues a little bit more."

Since Cuccinelli made his suggestion to NPR, administration officials have sought to play down its significance.

The White House adviser Stephen Miller said he wouldn't "get off into a whole thing about history here". But he added: "The Statue of Liberty is a symbol of American liberty lighting the world. The poem that you're referring to was added later and is not actually part of the original Statue of Liberty."

Still, the exchange underscores the change last week in administration policy toward immigrants applying for permanent residency status or green card. Under the new rules, immigration services will be able to reject applicants who have spent more than a year on food stamps, Medicaid or other public benefits.

Asked which immigrants will now be welcome to the US, Cuccinelli said: "All immigrants who can stand on their own two feet, self-sufficient, pull themselves up by their boot straps - as in the American tradition."

But critics of the rule fear it will be used to prevent poorer immigrants from ever setting foot in the US.

"Aliens will be barred from entering the United States if they are found likely to become public charges," revealed a White House fact sheet. "Aliens in the United States who are found likely to become public charges will also be barred from adjusting their immigration status."

The Migration Policy Institute estimated the change could result in more than half of all family-based green card applicants being denied. About 800,000 green cards were issued in 2016.
Topics

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Statue of Liberty shown cuffed and arrested by immigration officials in new mural

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
A mural of the Statue of Liberty, handcuffed and slammed on the hood of a police cruiser, is drawing attention in downtown Las Vegas, a day after a top Trump administration official in charge of immigration suggested the statue's famous inscription be amended to include a test of means.

# data[].attributes.body
"The Trump administration earlier this year made sweeping changes to regulations that would deny green cards to immigrants who use some forms of public assistance."

Using the pre-modifier 'sweeping' implies that the Trump administration has made many changes in regards to immigration laws in the states. It also implies that the changes have been very drastic and affecting lots of people. The bias from The Guardian is that the readers should see Trump as too severe.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Immigrants applying for US visas will be denied entry into the country unless they can prove they can afford health care within 30 days of entering or can't pay for it themselves, according to a proclamation signed by President Trump.

The new rule, which comes into force on 3 November, will be applied to people seeking immigrant visas, not those in the US already. It does not apply to those seeking asylum seekers, refugees or children.

But it would apply to the spouses and parents of US citizens. That could have an impact on families who are trying to bring their parents to the US.

The proclamation said immigrants will be barred from entering the country unless they are to be covered by health insurance within 30 days of entering or have enough financial resources to pay for any medical costs.

The Trump administration is trying to move away from a family-based immigration system and into a merit-based system, and Friday's proclamation is another effort to limit immigrant access to public programs.
'These people aren't just statistics': behind the year's most personal look at immigration
The Trump administration earlier this year made sweeping changes to regulations that would deny green cards to immigrants who use some forms of public assistance. The White House also directed officials to recover income-based welfare payments from sponsors, and proposed a rule requiring verification of immigration status for anyone seeking access to public housing benefits.

The required insurance can be purchased individually or provided by an employer, and it can be short-term coverage or catastrophic.

Medicaid for the poor doesn't apply and an immigrant will not be able to obtain a visa if using the Affordable Care Act's subsidies when buying insurance. Those subsidies are paid for by the federal government.

"While lawful immigrants qualify for ACA subsidies, they'll be stuck in a catch-22 because subsidized coverage does not qualify as insurance under the proclamation," tweeted Larry Leavitt, executive vice president for health policy at Kaiser Family Foundation, a health care policy thinktank.

Larry Levitt (@larry_levitt)
Qualifying insurance that immigrants can have includes unsubsidized individual insurance, employer coverage, or short-term insurance (which generally excludes people with pre-existing conditions).

Trump has made cutting legal and illegal immigration a centerpiece of his presidency. The Trump administration said last month that it planned to allow only 18,000 refugees to resettle in the United States in the 2020 fiscal year, the lowest number in the history of the modern refugee program.

The White House said in a statement that too many non-citizens were taking advantage of the country's "generous public health programs", and that immigrants contribute to the problem of "uncompensated health care costs".

According to the Migration Policy Institute, a nonpartisan immigration thinktank, 57% of US immigrants had private health insurance in 2017, compared with 69% of US-born, and 30% had public health insurance coverage, compared with 36% of US-born.

The uninsured rate for immigrants dropped from 32%t to 20% from 2013 to 2017, since the implementation of the Affordable Care Act, according to Migration Policy Institute.

There are about 1.1 million people who obtain green cards each year.

"This new attempt at an immigration ban is as shameless as it is stunning," tweeted Doug Rand, a former Obama administration official who is the co-founder of Boundless Immigration. "It will be chaotic to implement and guaranteed to separate US citizens from their legal immigrant spouses and other close relatives."
Reuters and Associated Press contributed to this report. Topics

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
US immigrants will be denied entry if they can't afford health care

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Immigrants applying for US visas will be denied entry into the country unless they can prove they can afford health care within 30 days of entering or can't pay for it themselves, according to a proclamation signed by President Trump.

# data[].attributes.body
"Unbelievable act of brutality", this article uses emotive language to show the real force that he brought on the little child. This brings negative connotations with illegal immigrants and these violent crimes. The bias that is depicted does not pardon the man of his crimes, but the article associates violent criminals with illegal immigrants by stating "unbelievable act of brutality" in the heading/title.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
(Image: SWNS)

An illegal immigrant has been told he will be deported after smashing a little boy's thigh bone in an 'unbelievable act of brutality'.

Shipon Ahmed, 39, left the five-year-old in agony after shattering the strongest bone in his body by kicking or stamping on him with devastating force.

The Bangladeshi national, who was in the UK illegally, claimed the child had tripped over a toy and the boy was too terrified to tell anyone what had happened to him.

Just two weeks before he stood trial for his wicked crime, Ahmed glassed a man in the face in Tequila Nightclub in Bradford, West Yorkshire.

He was found guilty of both offences in separate trials.
Read more:
Sentencing Ahmed at Bradford Crown Court, Judge Jonathan Durham Hall QC told him: "You really are not just a man of breathtaking arrogance - but you are a very violent person.

"You will be deported, I have no doubt. You will be sent back to Bangladesh."

A paediatric doctor said the boy had been swung by his leg, kicked or stamped on.

Speaking about the horrific injuries, Judge Hall said: "It was an unbelievable act of brutality. His injuries were comparable to falling from a considerable height or being seriously hurt in a car crash."

In the second attack, David Weglewski suffered massive blood loss, arterial damage and numerous lacerations after Ahmed attacked him at Tequila Nightclub in Bradford at 2am on December 5 last year.

He was taken by ambulance to the Major Trauma Ward at Leeds General Infirmary where shards of broken glass were surgically removed from his face.
Read more:
The court heard that Ahmed attacked Mr Weglewski in a jealous rage after he asked his girlfriend to a party - and was then remanded in custody charged with a second Section 18 wounding.

Ahmed, of Bradford, was branded "seriously dangerous" by judge Hall and given an extended sentence of 18 years - 10 years for breaking the little boy's femur and five years for the glass attack.

The court heard Ahmed had sociopathic and psychopathic tendencies.

Judge Durham Hall extended the licence period by three years, telling Ahmed: "You clearly are a very dangerous man."

Ahmed had previous convictions for benefit fraud, harassment, and battery on a former partner.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Illegal immigrant set to be deported after smashing little boy's thigh bone

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
An illegal immigrant has been told he will be deported after smashing a little boy's thigh bone in an 'unbelievable act of brutality'. Shipon Ahmed, 39, left the five-year-old in agony after shattering the strongest bone in his body by kicking or stamping on him with devastating force.

# data[].attributes.body
"The new rule would have made it possible to brand any immigrant with the potential to end up on public assistance as a burden"
The negative connotation of the word "brand" dehumanizes immigrants by suggesting that the immigrants aren't people with identities, but rather objects that must be marked in order to be identified. In addition, the post modifier of "as a burden", emphasizes that these immigrants have the potential to weigh down society. This feeds into the narrative of immigrants always being illegal (undocumented), and negatively impacting society.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
A Manhattan federal court judge has issued a nationwide order blocking the Trump administration from enforcing a new regulation that would make it easier to deny green cards and visas to immigrants who might need public assistance in the future.

Judge George Daniels' Friday ruling came just days before the so-called "public charge" rule was set to go into effect on Oct. 18.

The new rule would have made it possible to brand any immigrant with the potential to end up on public assistance as a burden, and consider that in deciding to issue green cards or visas.

The scathing ruling excoriated President Donald Trump's lawyers for "stumbling along" during oral arguments when asked to explain the rationale behind making changes to the longstanding law, which has operated under the same definition since the 1880s.

"The Rule is simply a new agency policy of exclusion in search of a justification," Daniels wrote. "It is repugnant to the American dream of the opportunity for prosperity and success through hard work and upwards mobility."

New York Attorney General Letitia James lauded the ruling. James and other attorneys general sued in August to block the rule change from taking effect.

"The history of our nation is inextricably tied to our immigrant communities, and because of today's decision, so too will be our future," James said in a statement.

"Once again, the courts have thwarted the Trump Administration's attempts to enact rules that violate both our laws and our values, sending a loud and clear message that they cannot rewrite our story to meet their agenda."

Lawyers for Trump did not immediately return a request for comment.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Judge blocks Trump policy that makes green cards harder to get

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
A Manhattan federal court judge has issued a nationwide order blocking the Trump administration from enforcing a new regulation that would make it easier to deny green cards and visas to immigrants who might need public assistance in the future.

# data[].attributes.body
“People can’t die like this,” Lampedusa Mayor Toto Martello told AFP. “We must identify the smuggling networks and encourage actions to make the Mediterranean safer.” Quotes like these said by the mayors has the reader really empathise and feel bad for the migrants. As well as the repetition of "pregnant women", which just adds to the fact that the article wants us to feel bad and empathise for these migrants, as stating that pregnant women have died, which obviously has the reader feel for them more.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
At least 13 women - some of them pregnant - drowned and at least a dozen other people were missing when an overloaded migrant boat capsized off the Sicilian island of Lampedusa, officials said Monday.

The Italian coast guard said it had recovered the 13 bodies and rescued 22 other people from the rough waters of the Mediterranean after the smuggling boat overturned just as a patrol boat was preparing to take the migrants aboard.

Among the 12 people still missing are eight children, as well as other pregnant women, according to Italian authorities, who said the distress call put the number of migrants aboard the doomed vessel at around 50.

The boat, which had departed from Tunisia, tipped over during bad weather Sunday night about seven miles from Lampedusa.

Rescuers rushed to an "overloaded and already listing boat" shortly after midnight Monday, but as the rescue vessels approached, "the adverse weather conditions and the sudden displacement of the migrants" caused the boat to capsize, officials said.

"People can't die like this," Lampedusa Mayor Toto Martello told AFP. "We must identify the smuggling networks and encourage actions to make the Mediterranean safer."

On Thursday, Italy marked the sixth anniversary of the sinking off Lampedusa of a vessel carrying about 500 African migrants. A total of 366 people perished in the Oct. 3, 2013, disaster.

The International Organization for Migration said that at least 19,000 migrants have drowned or gone missing since 2016 while making the dangerous Mediterranean crossing from North Africa to Europe.

Since the beginning of 2019, 1,041 migrants have died at sea, the organization said.

Charlie Yaxley, spokesman for the UN refugee agency, said the deadly shipwreck "highlights once again that urgent action is needed to address the situation on the Mediterranean."

Meanwhile, Spanish aid group Open Arms said Monday it rescued 44 people - including a toddler and an infant - on a wooden boat trying to reach European shores.

Gerard Canals, chief of mission of the Open Arms rescue boat, said the boat was found Sunday night in Malta's rescue zone, about 50 miles from Lampedusa.
With Post wires

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
13 women drown after migrant boat capsizes in Mediterranean

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
At least 13 women - some of them pregnant - drowned and at least a dozen other people were missing when an overloaded migrant boat capsized off the Sicilian island of Lampedusa, officials said Monday.

# data[].attributes.body
Modal verbs in the phrases "should be able to make a free and informed choice about repatriation, and must not be pressed into going back" or "repatriation must take place in a safe and dignified manner" have a high modality which suggest an incentive to change how immigrants are treated in different countries. This creates a perspective of sympathy for the reader.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Tanzania plans to return thousands of refugees to Burundi, despite their unwillingness and irrespective of the dangerous conditions awaiting them there. Sadly, this is not an isolated case.

It has become an increasingly common practice for refugees to be involuntarily returned to insecure countries of origin, in direct violation of laws and principles adopted by the international community over the past 70 years.

First and foremost, such laws and principles assert that refugees should be able to make a free and informed choice about repatriation, and must not be pressed into going back. They also stipulate that repatriation must take place in a safe and dignified manner, with refugees allowed to return at their own pace.

In addition, the international community has agreed that the UN refugee agency, the UN High Commissioner for Refugees, should actively encourage people to return home only in situations where fundamental changes have taken place, such as a change of government, democratic elections or restoration of the rule of law.

Another principle concerns the need for repatriation movements to be effectively coordinated, usually through the establishment of "tripartite commissions" involving the host state, country of origin and the UNHCR. In this context, the UN refugee agency is charged with representing the interests of refugees, ensuring that their return is conducted with full respect for their rights.

But while these principles are clear, they are coming under mounting pressure.

The international community now considers repatriation not only the preferred outcome but also, in many cases, the only possible outcome.

That is because host countries in developing regions do not want refugees indefinitely present on their territory. Donor states are keen to avert the need for long-term assistance programmes, while countries of origin are eager to bolster their legitimacy by demonstrating that exiled citizens are prepared to return.

As for the UNHCR - an agency funded and governed by states, and therefore highly sensitive to their concerns - it has become a primary objective to get as many refugees home as possible, demonstrating the organisation's value to its primary stakeholders.

In this context, the notion that repatriation should be voluntary, safe and dignified has been increasingly set aside, with varying forms of coercion being used to ensure that mass repatriation movements take place.

As seen with respect to Rohingya refugees in Bangladesh, Somalis in Kenya, Afghans in Pakistan, Syrians in Lebanon and Burundians in Tanzania, measures used include the threat of camp closures, reductions in assistance levels, the closure of refugee markets and harassment by government officials.

States now insist that repatriation should take place more rapidly, even if there have not been fundamental changes in their country of origin. In November 2017, for example, Bangladesh, Myanmar and key donors such as the EU began to prepare for the return of an estimated 700,000 Rohingya refugees, even though large-scale displacements were still taking place.

Similarly, over the past two years there has been a growing international effort to prepare for refugee returns to Syria, despite the Assad regime remaining in power, the continued military presence of its Russian allies and the widespread prevalence of human rights abuses.

The forces that have undermined the established principles of refugee repatriation are deeply entrenched and seem highly unlikely to disappear in the foreseeable future. Even so, there are a number of steps that could be taken to halt the recent deterioration in standards.

First, the UNHCR should uphold the principle that repatriation must be voluntary, safe and dignified, even if this complicates its relationship with host and donor states. If the organisation is put under pressure to engage in repatriation operations that do not meet such standards, it must either decline to do so or be completely transparent about the rationale for its involvement.
UN communications chief under fire for tweeting refugee's details
A more diversified approach to refugee solutions is also needed, with situations in which some refugees might benefit from local integration more systematically identified and efforts made to find additional resettlement places.

Third, the repatriation process should become much more participatory. While it will not be an easy task, the UNHCR should try to convince states to establish "quadripartite commissions", in which refugees are directly represented by democratically selected leaders.

Finally, there is a need to ensure that refugees who choose freely to repatriate have every opportunity to rebuild their lives in their homeland. For that objective to be attained, short-term humanitarian assistance must be complemented by longer-term development initiatives, designed to support the economy, infrastructure and environment of areas that have received large numbers of returnees.

This is a task that lies well beyond the competence of the UNHCR and other humanitarian agencies, one that will require the full engagement of development actors such as the World Bank and the UN Development Programme.
* Jeff Crisp is a research associate at the refugee studies centre, University of Oxford, and former head of policy development and evaluation at the UNHCR. A longer version of this article will appear in the Forced Migration Review Topics

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Unwilling and fearful refugees should not be forced to return home

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Tanzania plans to return thousands of refugees to Burundi, despite their unwillingness and irrespective of the dangerous conditions awaiting them there. Sadly, this is not an isolated case. It has become an increasingly common practice for refugees to be involuntarily returned to insecure countries of origin, in direct violation of laws and principles adopted by the international community over the past 70 years.

# data[].attributes.body
The use of quotes from the migrants such as "its no way to treat us, we have done nothing wrong and are not upsetting anyone", and "the conditions here are not great, but we would rather be here than at home", presents the immigrants as victims and pitiful, who are seeking for a better life due to the poor living conditions in their home country. This sheds a negative light on the government and the police, who instead is evicting the immigrants and making their life miserable.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Hundreds of riot police are evicting France's biggest migrant camp amid fears it will spark a rise in attempts to cross the English Channel.

Officers arrived in huge numbers at the Grande-Synthe site in Dunkirk before dawn on Tuesday as one desperate migrant told the Mirror he will try to sneak into the UK on a lorry.

The site and neighbouring gymnasium is home to more than 1,000 men, women and children.

French CRS and Gendarmes turned up before daybreak while most migrants were sleeping, encircling a huge playing field which is home to tents and other makeshift shelters.

The police operation was watched by Home Office officials from the UK.

There are fears the eviction will see attempts by migrants to cross the English Channel soar.

Some migrants, mostly single males, tried to leave the site but were stopped by officers.

Axa Xoshnaw, 41, from Irbil, Iraq, said the eviction would not deter him trying to get to the UK.

He told the Mirror: "I've been here for 25 days with my wife and cousin.

"We don't have the money the smugglers are asking for to cross by boat.

"So we're waiting for our chance to get into England in a lorry.

"Conditions are not great here but we would rather be here than at home.

"We had no idea the police would be coming to raid the camp today.

"They are going to put us on buses and send us to places all over France apparently.

"It's no way to treat us, we have done nothing wrong and are not upsetting anyone."

French police appeared to be taking a low-key approach, allowing the migrants to pack their belongings.

Families huddled around fires, while young boys played football and mothers cooked.

All of the migrants are expected to be bussed to immigrant centres across France.

The first group of migrants were escorted onto coaches at 8.15am local time.

They were all single males who had been living inside the Grande-Synthe gymnasium.

Women and children were escorted onto coaches out of a separate camp entrance.

One child, with a dummy in her mouth, was seen being carried onto one bus.

Around a dozen Home Office officials from the UK arrived to watch the eviction.

The group refused to speak to media, telling reporters to contact the press office.

The eviction follows a French court ruling last week ordering the camp's closure.

News of the impending eviction led to a spike in English Channel crossings in recent weeks.

Around 1,400 migrants, including 100 children, have crossed by boat since November.

A total of 92 migrants from eight different countries were intercepted last Tuesday.

It was the most illegal crossings ever attempted in a single 24-hour period.

Aid workers have warned the crisis will "get worse before it gets better".

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Riot police evict migrants from France's biggest camp as Channel crossings soar

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Hundreds of riot police are evicting France's biggest migrant camp amid fears it will spark a rise in attempts to cross the English Channel. Officers arrived in huge numbers at the Grande-Synthe site in Dunkirk before dawn on Tuesday as one desperate migrant told the Mirror he will try to sneak into the UK on a lorry.

# data[].attributes.body
Diction choice and emotive language of "desperate migrant", which is also a pre modifier. In the article, MIRROR has the readers kind of feel for the migrants and shows a positive connotation and bias towards the migrants, not shaming them in any way. In fact, "desperate" as a pre modifier shows the reader how the migrants are seeking a better life and it is their last resort and their only choice, and this creates a perspective where the reader is meant to sympathise with them.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Hundreds of riot police are evicting France's biggest migrant camp amid fears it will spark a rise in attempts to cross the English Channel.

Officers arrived in huge numbers at the Grande-Synthe site in Dunkirk before dawn on Tuesday as one desperate migrant told the Mirror he will try to sneak into the UK on a lorry.

The site and neighbouring gymnasium is home to more than 1,000 men, women and children.

French CRS and Gendarmes turned up before daybreak while most migrants were sleeping, encircling a huge playing field which is home to tents and other makeshift shelters.

The police operation was watched by Home Office officials from the UK.

There are fears the eviction will see attempts by migrants to cross the English Channel soar.

Some migrants, mostly single males, tried to leave the site but were stopped by officers.

Axa Xoshnaw, 41, from Irbil, Iraq, said the eviction would not deter him trying to get to the UK.

He told the Mirror: "I've been here for 25 days with my wife and cousin.

"We don't have the money the smugglers are asking for to cross by boat.

"So we're waiting for our chance to get into England in a lorry.

"Conditions are not great here but we would rather be here than at home.

"We had no idea the police would be coming to raid the camp today.

"They are going to put us on buses and send us to places all over France apparently.

"It's no way to treat us, we have done nothing wrong and are not upsetting anyone."

French police appeared to be taking a low-key approach, allowing the migrants to pack their belongings.

Families huddled around fires, while young boys played football and mothers cooked.

All of the migrants are expected to be bussed to immigrant centres across France.

The first group of migrants were escorted onto coaches at 8.15am local time.

They were all single males who had been living inside the Grande-Synthe gymnasium.

Women and children were escorted onto coaches out of a separate camp entrance.

One child, with a dummy in her mouth, was seen being carried onto one bus.

Around a dozen Home Office officials from the UK arrived to watch the eviction.

The group refused to speak to media, telling reporters to contact the press office.

The eviction follows a French court ruling last week ordering the camp's closure.

News of the impending eviction led to a spike in English Channel crossings in recent weeks.

Around 1,400 migrants, including 100 children, have crossed by boat since November.

A total of 92 migrants from eight different countries were intercepted last Tuesday.

It was the most illegal crossings ever attempted in a single 24-hour period.

Aid workers have warned the crisis will "get worse before it gets better".

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Riot police evict migrants from France's biggest camp as Channel crossings soar

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Hundreds of riot police are evicting France's biggest migrant camp amid fears it will spark a rise in attempts to cross the English Channel. Officers arrived in huge numbers at the Grande-Synthe site in Dunkirk before dawn on Tuesday as one desperate migrant told the Mirror he will try to sneak into the UK on a lorry.

# data[].attributes.body
Pre and post modifiers such as "undocumented immigrants", "cost up to", "uninsured, low-income illegal immigrants" depict immigrants as scroungers, who rely on the money of others to receive healthcare, but give nothing back to the society. This magnifies the stereotype that all immigrants are illegal, criminal and 'useless' to society.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
WASHINGTON - Giving undocumented immigrants access to federally funded health care in the United States could cost up to $23 billion per year, according to a new study published this week.

The Center for Immigration Studies, a Washington-based think tank that wants to reduce immigration, estimated there are 4.9 million uninsured undocumented immigrants in the US with incomes low enough to qualify for federal assistance.

Providing a subsidy to help them buy private health insurance on the Obamacare marketplace would cost on average $4,600. If all of them enrolled, taxpayers would be on the hook for $22.6 billion annually, the study found. Assuming a more realistic enrollment rate, the cost would be $10.4 billion.

Current law bars undocumented immigrants from getting federal health care benefits, but Democratic 2020 presidential candidates want to reverse that to varying degrees - from allowing them to buy insurance on the exchanges to giving them full access to all the benefits.

At the first Democratic presidential debate in June, all 10 presidential candidates raised their hands in favor of providing coverage for undocumented immigrants. Democratic White House hopefuls largely contend health care is a human right and should not be determined by legal status.

"This is not about a handout," South Bend., Indiana, Mayor Pete Buttigieg said on stage. "This is an insurance program. We do ourselves no favors by having 11 million undocumented people in our country be unable to access healthcare."

If undocumented immigrants had access to both Medicaid and Obamacare tax breaks, the cost to taxpayers would be a little less: $19.6 billion if all in need enrolled and $10.7 billion for a more likely enrollment rate, the study found.

Under this hybrid approach, the lowest-income immigrants would get Medicaid while those with higher incomes would receive Obamacare subsidies for the marketplace insurance plans.

The eligibility for Medicaid is incomes below 138% of poverty (about $29,000 for family of three). The Obamacare subsidies eligibility is incomes under 400% of poverty - about $83,000 for a family of three.

"Our analysis indicates that allowing uninsured, low-income illegal immigrants access to these programs would likely cost taxpayers around $10 billion per year, assuming many chose not to enroll, with costs potentially rising as high as $23 billion," the study's authors conclude.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Health care for undocumented immigrants could cost $23B: study

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
WASHINGTON - Giving undocumented immigrants access to federally funded health care in the United States could cost up to $23 billion per year, according to a new study published this week. The Center for Immigration Studies, a Washington-based think tank that wants to reduce immigration, estimated there are 4.9 million uninsured undocumented immigrants in the US with incomes low enough to qualify for federal assistance.

# data[].attributes.body
‘"Confused and fearful’: New Yorkers grapple with Trump immigration policies"

Using the words "confused and fearful" as pre-modifiers paints immigrants in a sympathetic light. This helps create the perspective of immigrants being afraid and in a new situation. This makes people see them in more sympathetic light, and not in the light of them being bad and illegal

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
In a packed room in Jackson Heights - one of the most diverse neighborhoods in New York and the US as a whole - cancer survivor Blanca Palomeque explains how the Trump administration's new policies will force immigrants into making impossible decisions.

The 56-year-old from Ecuador, who was treated for ovarian cancer in the US before applying forher green card 11 years ago, explains how if the new "public charge" rule - which will penalize immigrants for using benefits - had been in place then, "I don't know what I would have done".
'I refuse to die in here': the marine who survived two tours and is now fighting deportation
"I can't imagine being put in a position of choosing between my health and getting my green card. This rule will put families at risk who are in the same situation that I was in," she says through a translator.

She adds: "This rule is horrific and clearly yet another attack against immigrant families. The Trump administration is sending a clear message that if you are not white and you are not wealthy you are not welcome here."

The public charge rule is the latest in a series of policies seemingly designed to worsen the lives of immigrants. And as one of the country's most diverse neighborhoods in New York's most diverse borough - 47.5% of Queens' population was born outside the US, according to census data, while a recent report by the mayor's office of immigrant affairs found it is home to 184,000 undocumented immigrants - the impact is being acutely felt in Jackson Heights, and other New York neighborhoods like it.

Behind Palomeque a group of supporters hold placards with slogans such as "Yes to immigrants, No to Trump's racist wealth test" and "Immigrant communities will not be intimidated. We are #heretostay." Over the sound of an overhead rumbling subway train, they chant: " Sí se puede! " (Yes we can!).

The meeting, last month at Make the Road New York, which provides services including health program enrollment and legal representation, marked the announcement of a lawsuit filed by them and other community organizations seeking to block the public charge rule. It is one of a number of lawsuits relating to the new rule by multiple states and advocacy groups.

Susan Welber, a Legal Aid Society lawyer working on the case, says the new rule, due to come into force on 15 October, is "unconstitutional, it's arbitrary, capricious, it's in violation of the Immigration and Nationality Act and 120 years of understanding what it means to be a public charge".

She adds: "People feel confused and fearful of what it means for them. It is a very complex rule and people need a lot of help to understand it."

Make the Road New York say they have already been inundated with people asking whether they should withdraw from vital services, fearing it will affect their future immigration status.

The Trump administration is sending a clear message that if you are not white and you are not wealthy you are not welcome here

Blanca Palomeque

New York city council will vote on Thursday on a package of bills to ensure staff at city agencies are trained on public charge and to direct those affected to get advice and help from experts.

At a July town hall, the New York congresswoman Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez, who represents the Bronx and Queens, said at least half of all casework her office receives is related to immigration.

But the community is fighting back.

Facebook Twitter Pinterest

Sunset over Jackson Heights buildings. Photograph: Kike Calvo/Universal Images Group via Getty Images

Speaking at the event, Catalina Cruz, the state assembly member for Jackson Heights, Corona and Elmhurst and the first Dreamer to run for office in New York, told the group: "My district will be one of the most affected, not just by this [public charge] rule, but by every single new piece of political strategy that comes out of the White House."

To cheers and applause, she added: "So while they fight for us in court, we're going to fight for you and keep you informed in our district."

Later, in the lobby, Palomeque says the threat of Immigration and Customs Enforcement (Ice) raids have made some people fearful of going about their day-to-day lives. "There are some people that are afraid to go out to the streets and are afraid that if Ice is nearby, what's going to happen to them and what could potentially happen to their children?" She knows a mother who was deported and is now separated from her children. "That's very sad because that's not how families should be," she adds.

Yatziri Tovar, a Make the Road New York spokeswoman, says they try to combat fear through education. "Community organizations got together and together we were at train stops flyering and showing people 'Look, these are your rights' and giving out these flyers in different languages because we know ... there are over 100 languages spoken in Queens and so it was important that every single member of our community knew what their rights were in their language," Tovar says. "That's one of the things that Trump has tried to attack, communities, but it also shows that our community's not standing down any more, it's not giving into that fear."

Amaha Kassa, founder and executive director of African Communities Together, an immigrant organization with members across New York, including Queens, says even people with legal status are afraid.

The threat of being separated from family members, he says, can feel like "living in a siege". He adds: "It's this constant fear. The adults often try to shelter the children from it, but children pick up on these things and so it's a constant uncertainty, it's a feeling of that somebody might not come home at any time and concern about what happens to your family if that's the case."

While he thinks the situation in general is worsening because of the "accumulative effect of now months and years of having daily assaults", people are starting to organize and plan ahead as a community.

"Over time people can't sort of persist in panic mode all of the time ... people are already starting to look ahead, thinking about when we have a different Congress and when we may have a different president, you know, is there hope? Is there a possibility for change?"
Topics

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
'Confused and fearful': New Yorkers grapple with Trump immigration policies

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
In a packed room in Jackson Heights - one of the most diverse neighborhoods in New York and the US as a whole - cancer survivor Blanca Palomeque explains how the Trump administration's new policies will force immigrants into making impossible decisions.

# data[].attributes.body
Pre and post modifiers such as "illegal workers", "illegal staff" and "illegal immigrant workers" are used. The diction of "illegal" adds a negative connotation to migrants and depicts them as scroungers as they are described as people who do not respect the law but have a job, and therefore earn money, but should not be able do so.
10 illegal workers working in the 'London laundry company Lily White Linen Ltd' run by Raja Ahmed were found. The quote below shows how companies run away from corruption inside their services hiring non documented immigrants, and paying less for their "desperate employers": "It was given penalties totalling £115,000, but has paid just £3,800." The post modifier just shows how the director has not paid enough money for the illegal migrants that illegally worked in the company.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
(Image: Ian Vogler/Daily Mirror)

Three employees in a fast food takeaway were paid less than the minimum wage - and one got no dough at all, instead being paid in pizza.

The shocking case highlights how some company directors are exploiting illegal immigrant workers, knowing they are vulnerable and so won't go to the authorities to complain.

The outrage occurred at the Reading branch of the Tops Pizza chain run by franchisee Masoud Aghabarari.

Five workers escaped through a back door when Home Office officials visited in February last year.

Three were caught when a second inspection was made in April and were found to being paid less than the minimum wage.

Tops Pizza (Reading) Limited was given a £30,000 civil penalty for employing the illegal workers, which brings me to the second problem.

The penalty hasn't been paid and Aghabarari, a 36-year-old from Iran, has now been banned from being a company director for six years.

Ignoring these penalties is widespread, as numerous other cases prove.

No fewer than 10 illegal workers were discovered at the London laundry company Lily White Linen Ltd, run by Raja Ahmed, pictured above.

It was given penalties totalling £115,000, but has paid just £3,800.

Ahmed, 50, has been banned from being a director for five years.

Rakesh Thapa and Kalpana Lamichhane ran a tandoori restaurant in West London which employed two illegal workers. The penalty of £20,000 hasn't been paid and both have got six year directorship bans.

Go looking and you'll find many more of these cases.

Masum Ahmed, 32, of Direct Trading Surrey, ignored a £60,000 penalty for hiring four illegal staff.

Leming Xie, 39, of Pontypridd in South Wales, paid just £2,000 of a £30,000 penalty for employing two illegal workers at Wonderful UK Taste Ltd.

In Bolton, takeaway boss Jahirul Hoque has got a five year ban for employing two illegal workers and failing to pay the £30,000 penalty.

Perhaps not surprisingly, some directors like him also have a lax attitude to other rules, such as basic hygiene.

Last August he was fined £2,500 by magistrates after environmental health officers from Bolton Council found the place filthy and infested with beetles.

Hoque, 46, pleaded guilty to 13 offences, including selling unsafe food that was unfit for human consumption. Besides the fine, he was subject to a Prohibition Order which prevents him from managing any food business.

Contempo Restaurant in Bromley, South London, employed six illegal workers and director Sidratul Ahmed, 30, paid just £10,000 of the £60,000 penalty.

Shanewas Hossain didn't pay any of the £30,000 penalty for employing three illegal workers at his company Sushi London (UK) Limited.

Imtiaz Khan of Junoon La Cafe Ltd in Bradford didn't pay a £15,000 penalty for one illegal worker.

Blue Diamond (Bangla) Ltd also employed one illegal worker, director Lesley Hossan of Blackpool never paying the £20,000 penalty.

In Abergavenny, Gwent, Riadh Mohammed employed two illegal workers at Anaz Catering Ltd. The £20,000 penalty remains unpaid.

The Home Office insists that it "robustly" chases payment of the penalties, but how successful is it?

I used the Freedom of Information Act to request figures on the number of unpaid penalties but was informed that it would cost too much to find out the answer.

"It would be necessary to manually check just under 11,000 individual records," I was told.

PS, it's not only Home Office penalties that go unpaid.

Branimir Petrov, 41, ran a car wash in Plymouth, breaking minimum wage rules by underpaying 11 workers a total of £40,480.

He's been banned from being a director for six years for not paying the shortfall, or a penalty of £69,336 from HM Revenue and Customs' National Minimum Wage compliance team.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
One restaurant worker got no dough - he was paid in pizza

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Three employees in a fast food takeaway were paid less than the minimum wage - and one got no dough at all, instead being paid in pizza. The shocking case highlights how some company directors are exploiting illegal immigrant workers, knowing they are vulnerable and so won't go to the authorities to complain.

# data[].attributes.body
As stated in the mail online "Morales, who plans to attend the arguments with his wife and a son, said he has been having nightmares about being deported. His greatest fear is leaving behind his wife and children". This shows emotive language through the use of Arguments, Nightmares, Deported, Fear. Using these words said by Morales makes us feel pity for him because it shows the struggle and difficulty of being an immigrant and in this case a false immigrant. After using those words the article also shows the reader despair by including leaving behind children and family which are important in everyones life making it possible to relate to this particular case.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
WICHITA, Kan. (AP) - Donaldo Morales caught a break when federal prosecutors declined to charge him after he was arrested for using a fake Social Security card so he could work at a Kansas restaurant. But the break was short-lived. Kansas authorities stepped in and obtained a state conviction that could lead to Morales's deportation.

A state appellate court overturned the conviction, but Kansas appealed. On Wednesday, the U.S. Supreme Court will hear arguments about whether states can prosecute immigrants like Morales who use other people's Social Security numbers to get a job.

Morales, who plans to attend the arguments with his wife and a son, said he has been having nightmares about being deported. His greatest fear is leaving behind his wife and children if the Supreme Court reinstates his state convictions - felonies that could trigger deportation proceedings.

"What I did was to earn money honestly in a job to support my family," the 51-year-old Guatemalan immigrant told The Associated Press in Spanish.

The case before the nation's highest court arises from three prosecutions in Johnson County, a largely suburban area outside Kansas City, Missouri, where the district attorney has aggressively pursued immigrants under the Kansas identity theft and false-information statutes.

The Kansas Supreme Court overturned the convictions of Morales as well as Mexican immigrants Ramiro Garcia and Guadalupe Ochoa-Lara after concluding the state was seeking to punish immigrants who used fake IDs to obtain jobs. It ruled that the federal government has exclusive authority to determine whether an immigrant is authorized to work in the United States. Kansas then appealed.

The Trump administration has filed a brief supporting Kansas, arguing that federal law does not prohibit the prosecution of immigrants for violating identity theft laws and contending that protection against fraud is among the oldest state powers.

"In the modern era, those crimes increasingly involve identity theft - a serious and 'growing problem' throughout the United States," Solicitor General Noel J. Francisco said in a brief.

That approach marks a shift from that of the Obama administration. When Arizona tried to use identity theft laws to prosecute noncitizens for working illegally, the Justice Department under President Barack Obama argued that only the federal government has such authority.

Rekha Sharma-Crawford, an attorney representing the immigrants, said in an email that immigration officials are having the state to do its bidding by using routine encounters with noncitizens to "strong arm businesses" to turn over personnel files.

"This has a chilling effect for local businesses, spreads deep mistrust for law enforcement in immigrant communities and also destroys families who are an integral part of the societal fabric," Sharma-Crawford said.

Morales, who has been living in the United States since 1989, was found guilty of state charges for identity theft and putting false information on employment forms related to his work at a Jose Pepper's restaurant.

The other two prosecutions in the appeal also involve immigrants who unlawfully worked in the United States.

After Garcia got a speeding ticket on his way to his restaurant job, a local detective and a federal agent checked his employment paperwork at the Bonefish Grill. His attorneys told the court the federal government didn't charge Garcia because he was cooperating with an investigation into a previous employer suspected of directing employees to change Social Security numbers. The local district attorney nonetheless charged him with identity theft, and pursued the state case even after Garcia obtained lawful immigration status.

Ochoa-Lara came to the attention of authorities after using a false Social Security number to lease an apartment and was later prosecuted in state court for using someone else's number on a tax withholding employment form.

The case wound up before the nation's highest court after the Kansas Supreme Court held that the Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986 preempts those state prosecutions for working unlawfully in the country.

Kansas contends the state's Supreme Court ruling would frustrate its own efforts to combat identity theft. The state law generally criminalizes the use of any personal identifying information belonging to another person to obtain any "benefit" fraudulently, regardless of immigration status or work authorization.

Twelve states - Indiana, Alabama, Alaska, Georgia, Maine, Mississippi, Ohio, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas and West Virginia - have filed a brief backing Kansas, arguing a ruling against the state would hamper their interest in protecting their citizens.

Brent Anderson, a former federal prosecutor who handled immigration-related criminal cases in Kansas, said it takes local, state and federal law enforcement working together to address identity theft.

"There is no point in prosecuting people who are misusing Social Security numbers to be employed if you can't remove them from the United States because they will keep doing it because they have to, otherwise they can't work," said Anderson, who teaches homeland security law at Wichita State University.

Judge Kevin Moriarty, who presided over Morales' and Garcia's trials, had expressed concerns about both cases, according to transcripts in the Supreme Court record.

"I'm just saying we're destroying families," he said in a pre-trial hearing for Garcia.

In Morales' trial, Moriarty found the defendant guilty, but noted he wasn't stealing from the government. "He's putting money into Social Security that he'll never be able to draw out," said the judge, who has since retired.

The judge also noted that three of Morales' four children were born in this country.

Morales, an Overland Park resident who has since gotten legal work authorization, is now employed by a landscaping company. He has also started his own landscaping firm as a side business.

His U.S.-born wife, Isleen Gimenez Morales, is a lawyer who works as a disability rights advocate. She said being part of a Supreme Court case like this is not the kind of excitement anybody wants.

"Knowing that the outcome of this case will shape the immigration and criminal law in this country, I think it compounds the stress and distraction that our family has because we know the weight that it carries," she said.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
High court to consider state role in prosecuting immigrants

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
WICHITA, Kan. (AP) - Donaldo Morales caught a break when federal prosecutors declined to charge him after he was arrested for using a fake Social Security card so he could work at a Kansas restaurant. But the break was short-lived. Kansas authorities stepped in and obtained a state conviction that could lead to Morales's deportation.

# data[].attributes.body
The photo used at the beginning of the article brings connotations of crime already, with the thick barbed-wire fence. However, the statement summarising the article is somewhat positively foreshadowing the overall article. But the throughout of fences, and correlating high, heavily secured fences with crime, bring the audience to believe that the article is showing that immigration does indeed bring crime to the UK.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
(Image: martin)

Crime levels are at their lowest for 33 years. Rates of murder and violent crime have fallen more rapidly in the UK in the past decade than in many other countries in Western Europe, researchers say.

During a period of mass migration between 2003 and 2012, the UK Peace Index found UK homicides per 100,000 people had fallen from 1.99 in 2003 to one in 2012.

The fear that immigration generates racial tensions and hence increased crime levels has been fuelled by right-wing politicians including UKIP leader Nigel Farage who warned that Britain was facing a "Romanian crime wave".

But in the first few months after the borders were opened to Romanians and Bulgarians the number of arrests has barely changed and the number of charges has actually dropped.

In the first three months of 2014 the number of Romanians convicted of crimes in the whole of the UK was 1,522, a 15.3% reduction from 1,797 in the same 2013 period, police figures obtained by the Romanian embassy show.

And according to the Metropolitan Police, the number of Romanians charged with an offence in London this January actually dropped three per cent compared to the same month last year.

Foreign prisoners in UK: where are they from?

Immigration and crime: is there a link?

A group of academics looked at the effects of two large flows of migrants to Britain. The first was the arrival of Eastern Europeans following the enlargement of the EU in 2004.

Violent crime in the parts of England and Wales where they settled remained stable while property crime fell.

Franco Fasani, one of the researchers from the LSE and UCL, said this was likely because such immigrants are eager to work and many had pre-arranged jobs.

The second group was asylum seekers who fled in the late 1990s and early 2000s. Again there was no impact on violent crime but in this case property crime did increase slightly.

Mr Fasani said part of the reason was that asylum seekers come here under different circumstances. Most were forced to flee their homeland and were housed in deprived areas, where crime was already high. They were prevented from working and given little money - leading many to turn to crime. "The view that foreigners commit more crime is not true," says Brian Bell, a research fellow at the LSE. "Immigrants are just like natives - if they have a good job and income they don't commit crime."

But Chris Fox, former president of the Association of Chief Police Officers, said mass migration has brought a new type of crime - from the Nigerian fraudster to the Jamaican drug dealers.

He said: "Add the home-grown criminals and we have a whole different family of people competing to be in the organised crime world."

Foreign prisoners in the UK: how many are here and how many have been removed?

[Sources: LSE, Metropolitan Police, Embassy of Romania, National Audit Office]

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Crime levels are at their lowest for 33 years. Rates of murder and violent crime have fallen more rapidly in the UK in the past decade than in many other countries in Western Europe, researchers say.

# data[].attributes.body
the diction of " immigrant families separated at the border" is repeated several times which appeals to people and makes the reader sad for the separated families. the emotive phrase "families separated" connotes that The bias is that the article chooses the side of helping migrants and telling us to reunite families.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
The US government deadline to reunite immigrant families separated at the border has arrived, and thousands of children appear to still be separated from their parents.

While the administration of Donald Trump has been told to reunite those families, the process has not proceeded as quickly as the court may have liked.

With images and stories of children being taken from their parents after crossing the US- Mexico border, the issue has galvanized the American public.

Here's what you need to know about American immigrant family separation as the deadline for reunification looms.

1 How did this all start?

The Trump administration began its family separation policy - sometimes referred to as a "zero tolerance" policy for illegal immigration - in April, when Jeff Sessions, the attorney general, notified attorneys on the southern US border to prosecute any immigrant crossing the border illegally.

In doing so, Mr Sessions cited a 203 per cent increase in illegal border crossings between 2017 and 2018 - and then a 37 per cent increase between February and March of this year.

The memo announcing zero tolerance said that rise was the largest month-to-month increase since 2011.

2 How did the Trump administration policy change things?

Under zero tolerance, adult immigrants who had crossed into the US illegally were hit with criminal charges and sent to immigration detention centres.

Instead of previous policies which generally allowed for the release of families caught sneaking across the border as their cases were prosecuted, the families were separated since adult immigration detention centres were not fit to house families or children, and, according to federal law, the US cannot hold children in immigration detention for more than 20 days.

Zero tolerance policies resulted in families being separated at the border even in instances where the government recognised that individuals had credible fears of returning to their home countries.

That, in turn, resulted in intense media coverage and widespread dissemination of images showing children in metal cages in Texas, and in tent camps in the desert.

3 How has the backlash changed things?

After the widespread family separations became well known - and dominated American news coverage - Mr Trump signed an executive order in June declaring that US policy is to keep families together.

But, the executive order did not change the underlying intent of the zero tolerance directive. Immigrants coming into the US illegally are still subject to criminal prosecutions - even those who are seeking asylum - and Mr Trump's executive order explicitly said that.

What that order did envision, however, is a system that allows families to be detained together.

That includes the idea to create detention centres on military bases in the US in ad hoc facilities. There has been talk of facilities like that on military bases in Texas, Alabama, and Arizona, for instance.

4 What's the history behind this?

There is some precedent to what is happening, as far as American policy towards detaining children is concerned.

A long-running class-action lawsuit over the treatment of children in immigration custody that ended in 1997 - known as the Flores settlement - declared that the US government is obligated to relate children to relatives or - if none are available or found - to a licensed program for children within three to five days of detention.

If those conditions are impossible, the settlement states that their detentions would be in the "least restrictive" setting possible for the children, given their age and other needs.

This was extended to family dentition during the Obama administration, when a judge ruled that the administration's policy to hold families in detention together was unlawful. That administration had implemented the policy in response to a surge of migrants during Mr Obama's second term.

5 Why are the immigrants coming to the US?

Many of the immigrants are coming to the US seeking a safe haven from the violent and dangerous conditions in their home countries.

That includes immigrants from El Salvador, for instance, where rampant gang violence has earned the country a top rank in the world for murder.

When they have arrived at the US border and submitted themselves for asylum, some have received credible fear designation - a first step towards receiving asylum.

Still, they have faced criminal prosecution, and have therefore been separated from their children.

In some cases parents were told by immigration officials that their children were being taken away for baths or a fresh set of clothes, only to later learn that their children had been taken elsewhere.

Facilities have housed children all over the US, including in Texas and New York.

6 Where are things now?

A US court in June ruled that the government must reunite parents and children, and that immigration forces needed to stop most family separations at the border.

That was viewed as a major rebuke of the Trump administration policies - and mandated that the government reunite all children under the age of five with their parents within 14 days, and all minor children over the age of five within 30 days.

That has resulted in reunification, and also chaos.

Some parents - around 463 - were reportedly pushed to self deport in order to be reunited with their children (regardless of asylum seeking status), and it has been reported that 1,012 children have been reunited with their parents.

Because of the sheer number of children taken from their families - estimates run as high as 3,000 by some accounts, though the government has pegged it closer to 2,000 - there have been some issues with reunification in certain circumstances.

7 What impact could this have for Trump, politically?

The White House could face significant legal and political consequences over its zero tolerance policy that extend long after most migrant parents are finally reunited with their children.

For now, it remains unclear what legal ramifications the administration could face for failing to meet Thursday's deadline, if any.

Dana Sabraw, a California district judge, praised the federal government for reuniting over 1,000 families in the weeks since Mr Trump signed an executive order scaling back his zero tolerance policy, describing the progress as "remarkable".

"The government has to be commended for its efforts in that regard," Ms Sabraw said.

Still, the political impact could prove damaging for Republicans and Mr Trump leading into the 2018 midterm elections.

Along the border, migrant and civil rights groups alike are mobilising voters to reject the hard-line immigration policies Republicans have adopted under the current administration.

"Chaos and cruelty govern the US government's treatment of families on the border," Efren Olivares, a programme director at the Texas Civil Rights Project, told The Independent in a statement.

"The Trump Administration's zero tolerance policy is at the heart of this manufactured crisis.

"As long as it is in place, the health and wellbeing of children will continue to be at risk, and asylum seekers will continue to be traumatized to frighten away others who have the legal right to seek safety."

Mr Trump's approval ratings significantly dropped as the crisis along the border became a national story, falling four points to 41 per cent in a matter of days, according to Gallup's weekly presidential job approval poll. Meanwhile, his disapproval ratings continued to climb to 55 per cent.

If those trends continue, the president's approval ratings among Republicans will likely suffer before November. What impact that has in elected officials continuing to support his administration's hard-line immigration policies remains to be seen.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
US border crisis: What is happening to separated migrant families now and why is this happening?

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
The US government deadline to reunite immigrant families separated at the border has arrived, and thousands of children appear to still be separated from their parents. While the administration of Donald Trump has been told to reunite those families, the process has not proceeded as quickly as the court may have liked.

# data[].attributes.body
Limited Perspective
Bias is created through limited perspective and using a large amount of quotes from immigrants suffering from the new public charge rule such as "This rule is horrific and clearly yet another attack against immigrant families." , "This rule will put families at risk who are in the same situation that I was in,”  and many more. The quotes create a piteous view for immigrants through the use of words such as "horrific" and "risk", as well as being critical of the Trump administration and the American government by portraying them as aggressive and unfair through the use of "attack" and "yet another".

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
In a packed room in Jackson Heights - one of the most diverse neighborhoods in New York and the US as a whole - cancer survivor Blanca Palomeque explains how the Trump administration's new policies will force immigrants into making impossible decisions.

The 56-year-old from Ecuador, who was treated for ovarian cancer in the US before applying forher green card 11 years ago, explains how if the new "public charge" rule - which will penalize immigrants for using benefits - had been in place then, "I don't know what I would have done".
'I refuse to die in here': the marine who survived two tours and is now fighting deportation
"I can't imagine being put in a position of choosing between my health and getting my green card. This rule will put families at risk who are in the same situation that I was in," she says through a translator.

She adds: "This rule is horrific and clearly yet another attack against immigrant families. The Trump administration is sending a clear message that if you are not white and you are not wealthy you are not welcome here."

The public charge rule is the latest in a series of policies seemingly designed to worsen the lives of immigrants. And as one of the country's most diverse neighborhoods in New York's most diverse borough - 47.5% of Queens' population was born outside the US, according to census data, while a recent report by the mayor's office of immigrant affairs found it is home to 184,000 undocumented immigrants - the impact is being acutely felt in Jackson Heights, and other New York neighborhoods like it.

Behind Palomeque a group of supporters hold placards with slogans such as "Yes to immigrants, No to Trump's racist wealth test" and "Immigrant communities will not be intimidated. We are #heretostay." Over the sound of an overhead rumbling subway train, they chant: " Sí se puede! " (Yes we can!).

The meeting, last month at Make the Road New York, which provides services including health program enrollment and legal representation, marked the announcement of a lawsuit filed by them and other community organizations seeking to block the public charge rule. It is one of a number of lawsuits relating to the new rule by multiple states and advocacy groups.

Susan Welber, a Legal Aid Society lawyer working on the case, says the new rule, due to come into force on 15 October, is "unconstitutional, it's arbitrary, capricious, it's in violation of the Immigration and Nationality Act and 120 years of understanding what it means to be a public charge".

She adds: "People feel confused and fearful of what it means for them. It is a very complex rule and people need a lot of help to understand it."

Make the Road New York say they have already been inundated with people asking whether they should withdraw from vital services, fearing it will affect their future immigration status.

The Trump administration is sending a clear message that if you are not white and you are not wealthy you are not welcome here

Blanca Palomeque

New York city council will vote on Thursday on a package of bills to ensure staff at city agencies are trained on public charge and to direct those affected to get advice and help from experts.

At a July town hall, the New York congresswoman Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez, who represents the Bronx and Queens, said at least half of all casework her office receives is related to immigration.

But the community is fighting back.

Facebook Twitter Pinterest

Sunset over Jackson Heights buildings. Photograph: Kike Calvo/Universal Images Group via Getty Images

Speaking at the event, Catalina Cruz, the state assembly member for Jackson Heights, Corona and Elmhurst and the first Dreamer to run for office in New York, told the group: "My district will be one of the most affected, not just by this [public charge] rule, but by every single new piece of political strategy that comes out of the White House."

To cheers and applause, she added: "So while they fight for us in court, we're going to fight for you and keep you informed in our district."

Later, in the lobby, Palomeque says the threat of Immigration and Customs Enforcement (Ice) raids have made some people fearful of going about their day-to-day lives. "There are some people that are afraid to go out to the streets and are afraid that if Ice is nearby, what's going to happen to them and what could potentially happen to their children?" She knows a mother who was deported and is now separated from her children. "That's very sad because that's not how families should be," she adds.

Yatziri Tovar, a Make the Road New York spokeswoman, says they try to combat fear through education. "Community organizations got together and together we were at train stops flyering and showing people 'Look, these are your rights' and giving out these flyers in different languages because we know ... there are over 100 languages spoken in Queens and so it was important that every single member of our community knew what their rights were in their language," Tovar says. "That's one of the things that Trump has tried to attack, communities, but it also shows that our community's not standing down any more, it's not giving into that fear."

Amaha Kassa, founder and executive director of African Communities Together, an immigrant organization with members across New York, including Queens, says even people with legal status are afraid.

The threat of being separated from family members, he says, can feel like "living in a siege". He adds: "It's this constant fear. The adults often try to shelter the children from it, but children pick up on these things and so it's a constant uncertainty, it's a feeling of that somebody might not come home at any time and concern about what happens to your family if that's the case."

While he thinks the situation in general is worsening because of the "accumulative effect of now months and years of having daily assaults", people are starting to organize and plan ahead as a community.

"Over time people can't sort of persist in panic mode all of the time ... people are already starting to look ahead, thinking about when we have a different Congress and when we may have a different president, you know, is there hope? Is there a possibility for change?"
Topics

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
'Confused and fearful': New Yorkers grapple with Trump immigration policies

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
In a packed room in Jackson Heights - one of the most diverse neighborhoods in New York and the US as a whole - cancer survivor Blanca Palomeque explains how the Trump administration's new policies will force immigrants into making impossible decisions.

# data[].attributes.body
Even just by looking at the headline we understand that this article is against Trump and a critic against his green card policy. In addition the main image portrays Trump with a negative connotation as his expression looks agressive and its seems the article author chose this picture to mock him.

# data[].attributes.body
In the article the author starts off with an immage which may show bias towards keeping immigrants out of Great Britain. However if one continues to read the article it is clear that the author is actually trying to portray a positive connotation on immigration in Great Britain. For example in the quote, " In the first three months of 2014 the number of Romanians convicted of crimes in the whole of the UK was 1,522, a 15.3% reduction from 1,797 in the same 2013 period".  The use of the word reduction emphasizes the fact that since immigrants have come into Great Britain crime has actually decreased. In this quote the author uses facts and statistics to prove wrong the common stereotype  of immigrants bringing crime into England. The use of the word reduction also shows

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
(Image: martin)

Crime levels are at their lowest for 33 years. Rates of murder and violent crime have fallen more rapidly in the UK in the past decade than in many other countries in Western Europe, researchers say.

During a period of mass migration between 2003 and 2012, the UK Peace Index found UK homicides per 100,000 people had fallen from 1.99 in 2003 to one in 2012.

The fear that immigration generates racial tensions and hence increased crime levels has been fuelled by right-wing politicians including UKIP leader Nigel Farage who warned that Britain was facing a "Romanian crime wave".

But in the first few months after the borders were opened to Romanians and Bulgarians the number of arrests has barely changed and the number of charges has actually dropped.

In the first three months of 2014 the number of Romanians convicted of crimes in the whole of the UK was 1,522, a 15.3% reduction from 1,797 in the same 2013 period, police figures obtained by the Romanian embassy show.

And according to the Metropolitan Police, the number of Romanians charged with an offence in London this January actually dropped three per cent compared to the same month last year.

Foreign prisoners in UK: where are they from?

Immigration and crime: is there a link?

A group of academics looked at the effects of two large flows of migrants to Britain. The first was the arrival of Eastern Europeans following the enlargement of the EU in 2004.

Violent crime in the parts of England and Wales where they settled remained stable while property crime fell.

Franco Fasani, one of the researchers from the LSE and UCL, said this was likely because such immigrants are eager to work and many had pre-arranged jobs.

The second group was asylum seekers who fled in the late 1990s and early 2000s. Again there was no impact on violent crime but in this case property crime did increase slightly.

Mr Fasani said part of the reason was that asylum seekers come here under different circumstances. Most were forced to flee their homeland and were housed in deprived areas, where crime was already high. They were prevented from working and given little money - leading many to turn to crime. "The view that foreigners commit more crime is not true," says Brian Bell, a research fellow at the LSE. "Immigrants are just like natives - if they have a good job and income they don't commit crime."

But Chris Fox, former president of the Association of Chief Police Officers, said mass migration has brought a new type of crime - from the Nigerian fraudster to the Jamaican drug dealers.

He said: "Add the home-grown criminals and we have a whole different family of people competing to be in the organised crime world."

Foreign prisoners in the UK: how many are here and how many have been removed?

[Sources: LSE, Metropolitan Police, Embassy of Romania, National Audit Office]

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Crime levels are at their lowest for 33 years. Rates of murder and violent crime have fallen more rapidly in the UK in the past decade than in many other countries in Western Europe, researchers say.

# data[].attributes.body
The word 'pals' used in the phrase 'his pals had stolen expensive shoes and their camera' has connotations of laddish, casual, friendly groups.  This diminishes the desperation it must have took to hide in the box and implies the migrant and his friends are casual thieves.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
(Image: Simon Fenton / SWNS)

A British couple were shocked to discover a young stowaway in their car roof box after driving back home from France.

Simon Fenton, 57, had spent August away in the Dordogne with his wife Sally and their dog, hiking and cycling through the French countryside.

The lawyer booked the pair into the Hotel Le Meurice in Calais on Friday so he could park his estate into the communal garage.

But Simon had to leave his Skoda 4x4 - higher than the 6ft maximum - parked on the street opposite the hotel before getting up at 4am.

Simon and his wife, both 57, sailed back to Dover on Saturday and then drove for three hours back to their home in Newbury, Berkshire.

Tired, he left his belongings in the car while he went indoors to watch the rugby - only to rush outside when he heard Sally scream with shock.

Simon said he saw the sole of a shoe sticking out the side of the roof box - and admitted "it took us a few moments to realise there would be a foot".

He said a "small, dark-skinned hand" suddenly appeared, and the car shook as a lad - around 5ft 5 in - spoke broken Dutch and German with them.

Simon called police, who wrenched the illegal stowaway out of the roof box with a crowbar as they allegedly advised: "Stand back, he might have a gun."

Worse yet, Simon explained the lad - thought to be around 17 years old and from Egypt - said his pals had stolen expensive shoes and their camera.

He claimed the dog bed had even been stolen.

Simon said: "I went to watch the rugby when I suddenly heard my wife scream from outside as she went back to the car.

"So I jumped up and ran outside, where we looked at this shoe sole sticking out the side of the roof box for a bit.

"Then it dawned on us that there must be a foot attached, at which point the car started moving and we could hear someone inside it.

"He spoke bits of Dutch and German, and we managed to gleam from him that he was about 17, from Egypt, and had raided our roof box to climb in.

"We kept him at bay while I called the police - who arrived, and had to wrench the box open with a crowbar.

"They actually told us - 'Stand back, he might have a gun'.

"Needless to say, the roof box was completely damaged.

"We'd also spent a fortune on shoes - sandals, evening shoes, boots - for the trip, and we had the camera and the dog bed all in there.

"And he and his friends had stolen them so he could get into this country.

"We still don't know how he managed to actually fit in the box, though. We'd have felt him move around on the motorway.

"I'm surprised that it wasn't full of shit and piss."

He added: "The worst part is that when he was taken away by the police, he was smirking. He looked really proud of himself."

Thames Valley Police confirmed it was called at around 3pm on August 31 to "reports of a person in a roof box" on Simon's car.

A spokesperson added: "Officers attended and a 17-year-old boy was arrested on suspicion of immigration offences.

"The investigation is now being dealt with by immigration officials."

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
British couple arrive home from holiday to discover stowaway in car roof box

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
A British couple were shocked to discover a young stowaway in their car roof box after driving back home from France. Simon Fenton, 57, had spent August away in the Dordogne with his wife Sally and their dog, hiking and cycling through the French countryside.

# data[].attributes.body
The quote 'Stand back, he might have a gun' is repeated twice and is not corroborated by the police.  Although the modality of 'might' is quite low, the repetition of this quote seeks to highlight the danger posed by illegal immigrants and to associate them with crime and violence.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
(Image: Simon Fenton / SWNS)

A British couple were shocked to discover a young stowaway in their car roof box after driving back home from France.

Simon Fenton, 57, had spent August away in the Dordogne with his wife Sally and their dog, hiking and cycling through the French countryside.

The lawyer booked the pair into the Hotel Le Meurice in Calais on Friday so he could park his estate into the communal garage.

But Simon had to leave his Skoda 4x4 - higher than the 6ft maximum - parked on the street opposite the hotel before getting up at 4am.

Simon and his wife, both 57, sailed back to Dover on Saturday and then drove for three hours back to their home in Newbury, Berkshire.

Tired, he left his belongings in the car while he went indoors to watch the rugby - only to rush outside when he heard Sally scream with shock.

Simon said he saw the sole of a shoe sticking out the side of the roof box - and admitted "it took us a few moments to realise there would be a foot".

He said a "small, dark-skinned hand" suddenly appeared, and the car shook as a lad - around 5ft 5 in - spoke broken Dutch and German with them.

Simon called police, who wrenched the illegal stowaway out of the roof box with a crowbar as they allegedly advised: "Stand back, he might have a gun."

Worse yet, Simon explained the lad - thought to be around 17 years old and from Egypt - said his pals had stolen expensive shoes and their camera.

He claimed the dog bed had even been stolen.

Simon said: "I went to watch the rugby when I suddenly heard my wife scream from outside as she went back to the car.

"So I jumped up and ran outside, where we looked at this shoe sole sticking out the side of the roof box for a bit.

"Then it dawned on us that there must be a foot attached, at which point the car started moving and we could hear someone inside it.

"He spoke bits of Dutch and German, and we managed to gleam from him that he was about 17, from Egypt, and had raided our roof box to climb in.

"We kept him at bay while I called the police - who arrived, and had to wrench the box open with a crowbar.

"They actually told us - 'Stand back, he might have a gun'.

"Needless to say, the roof box was completely damaged.

"We'd also spent a fortune on shoes - sandals, evening shoes, boots - for the trip, and we had the camera and the dog bed all in there.

"And he and his friends had stolen them so he could get into this country.

"We still don't know how he managed to actually fit in the box, though. We'd have felt him move around on the motorway.

"I'm surprised that it wasn't full of shit and piss."

He added: "The worst part is that when he was taken away by the police, he was smirking. He looked really proud of himself."

Thames Valley Police confirmed it was called at around 3pm on August 31 to "reports of a person in a roof box" on Simon's car.

A spokesperson added: "Officers attended and a 17-year-old boy was arrested on suspicion of immigration offences.

"The investigation is now being dealt with by immigration officials."

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
British couple arrive home from holiday to discover stowaway in car roof box

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
A British couple were shocked to discover a young stowaway in their car roof box after driving back home from France. Simon Fenton, 57, had spent August away in the Dordogne with his wife Sally and their dog, hiking and cycling through the French countryside.