# data[].attributes.body
a category of artistic composition, as in music or literature, characterized by similarities in form, style, or subject matter.

# data[].attributes.body
35 mm film is a film gauge used in filmmaking, and the film standard. In motion pictures that record on film, 35 mm is the most commonly used gauge.

# data[].attributes.body
A twin-lens reflex camera is a type of camera with two objective lenses of the same focal length. One of the lenses is the photographic objective or "taking lens", while the other is used for the viewfinder system, which is usually viewed from above at waist level.

# data[].attributes.body
When talking about cameras and photography the term 'large format' refers to a camera which records images in a format larger than 4 x 5 inches. The main advantage of large format cameras is their incredible image resolution.

# data[].attributes.body
The gelatin silver process is the most commonly used chemical process in black-and-white photography, and is the fundamental chemical process for modern analog color photography. As such, films and printing papers available for analog photography rarely rely on any other chemical process to record an image.

# data[].attributes.body
The curator has many tasks, but their purpose, their goal is to interpret photographs in such a way that will educate a broad public base.

# data[].attributes.body
An exhibition is a public event at which pictures, sculptures, or other objects of interest are displayed, for example at a museum or art gallery

# data[].attributes.body
Framing is the presentation of visual elements in an image, especially the placement of the subject in relation to other objects. Framing can make an image more aesthetically pleasing and keep the viewer's focus on the framed object(s).

# data[].attributes.body
a large room for the exhibition of pictures also : a collection of pictures.

# data[].attributes.body
Copyright in photography means that you own an image you created. The law says you created that image as soon as the shutter is released. The photographer who pushed the button owns the copyright. A photographer will own that copyright throughout their life and 70 years afterwards.

# data[].attributes.body
The path of a moving point, defines shape, contours, and outlines; also to suggest mass and volume.

# data[].attributes.body
The flat contour of an object. Is two-dimensional, just length and width.

# data[].attributes.body
An object’s chromatic quality.

# data[].attributes.body
A 3D object having depth.

# data[].attributes.body
The tactile quality of a surface.

# data[].attributes.body
An object's brightness/darkness.

# data[].attributes.body
An object’s internal/external areas

# data[].attributes.body
Balance in photography is observed when an image has subject areas that look balanced throughout the composition. It is achieved by shifting the frame and juxtaposing subjects within it so objects, tones, and colors are of equal visual weight.

# data[].attributes.body
Variety is about varying elements and objects in your image, to avoid making them boring. Variety can also be varying your angles, exposure, composition, etc., to get a few different looks to the same image.

# data[].attributes.body
Pattern photography utilizes elements that are repeated. The repetition of lines, shapes, tones, or color can create interesting images. There are photographers who use the pattern as the main subject of an image while others use it to enhance the overall composition and look of the photograph

# data[].attributes.body
Scale and proportion are both design elements that have to do with size. Scale is the size of one object in relation to the other objects in a design or artwork. Proportion refers to the size of the parts of an object in relationship to other parts of the same object.

# data[].attributes.body
Definition of Rhythm: a movement in which some elements recurs regularly. Like a dance it will have a flow of objects that will seem to be like the beat of music. Definition of Movement: is the path the viewer's eye takes through the artwork, often to a focal area.

# data[].attributes.body
A photograph with perfect unity or harmony is one that is so well presented, where no part of it feels out of place or unnecessary. This can be translated through simplicity, or bringing parts together to form a whole to create 'harmony'

# data[].attributes.body
Emphasis​is defined as an area or object within the artwork that draws attention and becomes a ​focal point. ... Complementary colors (across from each other on the color wheel) draw the most attention.

# data[].attributes.body
symmetry around a central axis, as in a starfish or a tulip flower.

# data[].attributes.body
made up of exactly similar parts facing each other or around an axis; showing symmetry.

# data[].attributes.body
having parts that fail to correspond to one another in shape, size, or arrangement; lacking symmetry.

# data[].attributes.body
Simply stated, juxtaposition means things side-by-side. ... In art this usually is done with the intention of bringing out a specific quality or creating an effect, particularly when two contrasting or opposing elements are used

# data[].attributes.body
is a means of depicting a visual image that does not have an immediate association with the object world and that has been created through the use of photographic equipment, processes or materials.

# data[].attributes.body
Monochromatic photography means exactly what it sounds like. Just one color. By picking different shades of the same color, you can highlight different areas of your photographs. Monochromatic photography is a great technique to isolate individual colors and make them really stand out!

# data[].attributes.body
The phrase cool color is used to describe any color that is calm or soothing in nature. Cool colors are not overpowering and tend to recede in space. For this reason, cool colors typically make a space seem larger.

# data[].attributes.body
The phrase warm color is used to describe any color that is vivid or bold in nature. Warm colors are those that tend to advance in space and can be overwhelming. Examples of warm colors include red, yellow and orange (think exciting fire and volcanoes). Contrast with cool colors

# data[].attributes.body
neutral means without color. Neutrals such as beige, ivory, taupe, black, gray and shades of white appear to be without color, but in many applications these hues often have undertones. For example, beige might have an undertone of pink, tan or gold

# data[].attributes.body
a color that combined with a given color makes white or black.

# data[].attributes.body
A triadic color scheme is comprised of three colors evenly spaced on the color wheel. The two most basic triadic palettes are the primary colors red, blue, and yellow and the secondary hues orange, purple, and green.

# data[].attributes.body
The Rule of Thirds is the process of dividing an image into thirds, using two horizontal and two vertical lines. ... When you position the most important elements of your image at these intersection points, you produce a much more natural image.

# data[].attributes.body
Leading lines are lines that appear in a photograph that have been framed and positioned by the photographer to draw the viewer's eye towards a specific point of interest. These lines often draw the viewer's eye in a specific direction or towards a designated portion of the photograph.

# data[].attributes.body
The golden ratio is a composition guide. Some people call it the Fibonacci spiral, golden spiral, phi grid, divine proportion, or the golden mean. It helps to lead the viewer through the entire photo. The composition will be more pleasing and balanced for the human eye.

# data[].attributes.body
Negative space in photography, design, sculpture or any other creative pursuit is equally as important as is positive space in overall composition. ... Simply put, positive space is the actual subject while negative space (also called white space) is the area surrounding the subject.

# data[].attributes.body
Positive space is any part of the photo that jumps out from its surroundings. That includes your subject, for example, along with other noteworthy areas of detail.

# data[].attributes.body
Backlight in photography involves positioning the main light source for a photograph behind the primary subject. Backlighting is a popular technique among skilled photographers, but it can also present unique challenges for exposure and composition.

# data[].attributes.body
Diffused light is light that is essentially going through a filter that spreads the light out and makes it fall on your subjects evenly and without very much contrast. The light has been softened.

# data[].attributes.body
Ambient Light traditionally refers to any form of light that the photographer did not add to their image, and can include both "natural" ambient sunlight, or "artificial" ambient light such as a nearby street light, lamp, or similar.

# data[].attributes.body
Chiaroscuro is an Italian term, made from two words – chiaro meaning bright or clear and scuro meaning dark or obscure. So, put simply, you could say the definition of chiaroscuro is 'light/dark'. ... In photography, the chiaroscuro lighting technique can be defined simply as high contrast lighting.

# data[].attributes.body
Silhouette photography is a wonderful way to convey drama, mystery, emotion and mood in a picture. A silhouette is defined as a view of an object or a scene consisting of the outline and a featureless interior, with the silhouetted object usually being black.

# data[].attributes.body
The difference between these two styles is that objective photography tries to show the world as it really is, while subjective photography tries to show the world as the photographer herself sees it. Specific aspects of a picture that can make it objective or subjective are angle, tone, color and intent

# data[].attributes.body
A “constructive critique” is a critique which is constructive– it informs the photographer how to improve. ... You actually give the photographer useful information how to improve, and get better. You tell them what they can possibly do next time to avoid a mistake.

# data[].attributes.body
A common unethical practice on the rise these days in the world of photography is plagiarism. Plagiarism in its simplest terms means stealing the idea of someone else to create your own work, without giving any credit to the original source. Photo plagiarism is on the rise these days

# data[].attributes.body
A trademark is a type of intellectual property consisting of a recognizable sign, design, or expression which identifies products or services of a particular source from those of others, although trademarks used to identify services are usually called service marks.

# data[].attributes.body
Photography ethics are the principles that guide how we take and share photographs. Photography ethics are subjective, contextual, and fluid, meaning that every person's ethics will be different, because ethics are based on a person's life experience and values.

# data[].attributes.body
The diptych—two images combined into a single frame or presented together—originated in art as a drawing or painting in two parts. ... In photography, the diptych has become a popular format where pairs of portraits, images or themed pictures are used together to complement one another

# data[].attributes.body
A photographic triptych is a common style used in modern commercial artwork. The photographs are usually arranged with a plain border between them. The work may consist of separate images that are variants on a theme, or may be one larger image split into three.

# data[].attributes.body
The word “pixel” means a picture element. Every photograph, in digital form, is made up of pixels. They are the smallest unit of information that makes up a picture. Usually round or square, they are typically arranged in a 2-dimensional grid. ... As you can see, the pixels approximate the actual image.

# data[].attributes.body
In photography, the golden hour is the period of daytime shortly after sunrise or before sunset, during which daylight is redder and softer than when the Sun is higher in the sky.

# data[].attributes.body
The blue hour refers to the darker stages of morning and evening twilight, when the Sun is quite far below the horizon, coloring the sky deep blue. Like the golden hour, it is a favorite with painters and photographers.

# data[].attributes.body
A shadow is a dark (real image) area where light from a light source is blocked by an opaque object. It occupies all of the three-dimensional volume behind an object with light in front of it. The cross section of a shadow is a two-dimensional silhouette, or a reverse projection of the object blocking the light.

# data[].attributes.body
Midtones. A mid-tone is precisely that – all luminance values that are not dark or light are considered to be mid-tones. Most of the time our camera meter will attempt to expose for this average brightness when in 'Automatic Mode

# data[].attributes.body
Highlights are usually defined as the brightest area in a photo. As my students learned, what you shoot as white doesn't always come out as white. This is often more obvious in black and white photography than with color, but when you lack highlights you also lack dynamics.

# data[].attributes.body
Sepia toning is a chemical process used in photography which changes the appearance of black-and-white prints to brown. The color is now often associated with antique photographs. Most photo graphics software programs and many digital cameras include a sepia tone filter to mimic the appearance of sepia-toned prints.

# data[].attributes.body
Post processing is process of editing the data captured by camera while taking the photo to enhance the image. ... There are more and more camera which have come into market which can capture RAW files. Raw files has much more data at pixel level which and help in post processing and enhancing the image.

# data[].attributes.body
The ASA (American Standards Association) scale is an arbitrary rating of film speed; that is, the sensitivity of the film to light. If everything else is kept constant, the required exposure time is inversely proportional to the ASA rating. ... …with the still widely used ASA speed).

# data[].attributes.body
ISO originally referred to the sensitivity of film—it's "light gathering" ability. The higher the ISO rating, the greater the film's ability to capture images taken in low light. ... For digital photography, ISO refers to the sensitivity—the signal gain—of the camera's sensor.

# data[].attributes.body
Film grain or granularity is the random optical texture of processed photographic film due to the presence of small particles of a metallic silver, or dye clouds, developed from silver halide that have received enough photons. While film grain is a function of such particles it is not the same thing as such.

# data[].attributes.body
Image noise is random variation of brightness or color information in images, and is usually an aspect of electronic noise. It can be produced by the image sensor and circuitry of a scanner or digital camera. Image noise can also originate in film grain and in the unavoidable shot noise of an ideal photon detector.

# data[].attributes.body
An image sensor or imager is a sensor that detects and conveys information used to make an image. It does so by converting the variable attenuation of light waves into signals, small bursts of current that convey the information. The waves can be light or other electromagnetic radiation.

# data[].attributes.body
A file format is a standard way that information is encoded for storage in a computer file. It specifies how bits are used to encode information in a digital storage medium. File formats may be either proprietary or free and may be either unpublished or open.

# data[].attributes.body
JPEG or JPG is a commonly used method of lossy compression for digital images, particularly for those images produced by digital photography. The degree of compression can be adjusted, allowing a selectable trade-off between storage size and image quality.

# data[].attributes.body
RAW file is the most common file format for uncompressed images captured by digital cameras and Scanners. RAW files are generally large in size because it contains minimally processed image data with lossless quality. It contains the direct image data from the camera sensors with no loss of quality and alteration.

# data[].attributes.body
Tag Image File Format, abbreviated TIFF or TIF, is a computer file format for storing raster graphics images, popular among graphic artists, the publishing industry, and photographers

# data[].attributes.body
Photoshop file that can be saved and worked on from photoshop

# data[].attributes.body
Auto Mode. Automatic Exposure is when the camera chooses the optimum shutter speed, aperture, ISO and flash settings for your shot. All you need to do is point and shoot. This can be good if you have no idea of what settings to choose and also when you need to shoot quickly.

# data[].attributes.body
Program mode (the "P" on the mode dial of most DSLRs) means that the camera still sets the exposure for you. It chooses the correct aperture and shutter speed for the light available, so your shot is correctly exposed. Program mode also unlocks other functions that give you more creative control over your images.

# data[].attributes.body
Aperture priority, often abbreviated A or Av on a camera mode dial, is a setting on some cameras that allows the user to set a specific aperture value while the camera selects a shutter speed to match it that will result in proper exposure based on the lighting conditions as measured by the camera's light meter.

# data[].attributes.body
Shutter priority, also called time value, refers to a setting on some cameras that allows the user to choose a specific shutter speed while the camera adjusts the aperture to ensure correct exposure.

# data[].attributes.body
As the name suggests, “Manual” mode stands for a full manual control of Aperture and Shutter Speed. In this mode, you can manually set both the aperture and the shutter speed to any value you want – the camera lets you fully take over the exposure controls.

# data[].attributes.body
In photography, shutter speed or exposure time is the length of time when the film or digital sensor inside the camera is exposed to light, also when a camera's shutter is open when taking a photograph. The amount of light that reaches the film or image sensor is proportional to the exposure time

# data[].attributes.body
The Bulb setting on camera shutters is a momentary-action mode that holds shutters open for as long as a photographer depresses the shutter-release button.

# data[].attributes.body
Motion blur is the apparent streaking of moving objects in a photograph or a sequence of frames, such as a film or animation. It results when the image being recorded changes during the recording of a single exposure, due to rapid movement or long exposure.

# data[].attributes.body
Camera shake is a term used to define the act of accidentally shaking a camera during shooting due to unsteady hands, which results in blurry images. This generally occurs more often if you're shooting on a low shutter speed or with a heavy lens, and can be avoided by using a tripod and cable release setup.

# data[].attributes.body
a three-legged stand for supporting a camera or other apparatus. A monopod, also called a unipod, is a single staff or pole used to help support cameras, binoculars, rifles or other precision instruments in the field.

# data[].attributes.body
In optics, an aperture is a hole or an opening through which light travels. More specifically, the aperture and focal length of an optical system determine the cone angle of a bundle of rays that come to a focus in the image plane. An optical system typically has many openings or structures that limit the ray bundles.

# data[].attributes.body
In photography, bokeh is the aesthetic quality of the blur produced in out-of-focus parts of an image. Bokeh has also been defined as "the way the lens renders out-of-focus points of light". Differences in lens aberrations and aperture shape cause very different bokeh effects.

# data[].attributes.body
When the depth of field is small, or shallow, the image background and foreground are blurred, with only a small area in focus. A wider, or deep, depth of field keeps most of the scene in focus.

# data[].attributes.body
The focal length of the lens is the distance between the lens and the image sensor when the subject is in focus, usually stated in millimeters (e.g., 28 mm, 50 mm, or 100 mm). In the case of zoom lenses, both the minimum and maximum focal lengths are stated, for example 18–55 mm.

# data[].attributes.body
Zoom. A Prime lens is one that has a fixed focal length; there is no zoom ring on the lens so the focal length always remains the same. ... 12-24mm or 16-35mm), the telephoto zoom lens (eg. 70-200mm, 100-400mm, and 150-600mm), or the multi-purpose zoom lens (such as the 18-300mm and 24-105mm lenses)

# data[].attributes.body
Long-exposure, time-exposure, or slow-shutter photography involves using a long-duration shutter speed to sharply capture the stationary elements of images while blurring, smearing, or obscuring the moving elements.

# data[].attributes.body
Time-lapse photography is a technique in which the frequency at which film frames are captured is much more spread out than the frequency that is used to view the sequence. When played at normal speed, time appears to be moving faster and thus lapsing.

# data[].attributes.body
Light painting, painting with light, light drawing, or light art performance photography are terms that describe photographic techniques of moving a light source while taking a long exposure photograph,

# data[].attributes.body
In cinematography and photography panning means swivelling a still or video camera horizontally from a fixed position. This motion is similar to the motion of a person when they turn their head on their neck from left to right.

# data[].attributes.body
The term "Resolution", when used to describe a digital camera refers to the size of the digital image the camera produces, and is usually expressed in terms of "megapixels" or how many million pixels it can record in a single image. ... More resolution means better quality - up to a point!