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Voice is how characters respond and approach different situations throughout a text and can be constructed through tone, figurative language, syntax and diction

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The concept of voice reflects character's personalities and is specific to one person. It contributes to character development, how they stand out and are viewed by readers or other characters

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Explain how the construction of voice reflects attitudes and values of a particular character.

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The ways in which aspects of texts are arranged and how they affect meaning. Style can distinguish the work of individual authors as well as the work of a particular period or of a particular genre or type of text.

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A position from which things may be reviewed or considered. People may have different perspectives on events or issues due to their age, gender, social position and beliefs and values. A perspective is more than an opinion, as it is informed by one or more contexts.

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A way in which information is organised in different types of texts.
e.g. chapter headings, subheadings. topic sentences and overviews.

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The use of anaphora expresses Arthur's longing for his son through his recognition that "he didn't want the comics because he didn't want possessions. He didn't want anything except his son." This contributes to Arthur's nostalgic voice as he is reminiscing about his past mistakes and seeking repentance.

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Style is the way a writer writes and the way they incorporate techniques to set them apart from other authors. These techniques are known as stylistic features and they expand a readers experience and allow them to develop an interpretation of texts. Some of these features include narrative viewpoint, juxtaposition, nominalisation, alliteration, metaphors and lexical choice.

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A perspective is a view point that people may have on an event or issue, influenced by a persons age, gender, social position and values. A police officer will have a different perspective on a situation than a pregnant woman, as they may view the situation differently based on their personal context.

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Analyse the way stylistic choices shape the perspectives present in the novel Station 11.

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Examine how the author incorporates stylistic choices throughout the text in order to position the audience to respond to particular ideas.

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REWRITE. AND FOCUS ON PERSPECTIVE IN THE NOVEL, NOT OF THE READER.

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a set of ideas and beliefs that are important to a person, a group or a culture.

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The way texts are organised, to reinforce ideas and positions an audience in ways using structural elements.
e.g. flashbacks, foreshadowing and allusion

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a system of ideas and beliefs shared by a social group that shapes a perspective.

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How does an ideology represented in a text influence your response to characters?

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The fundamentalist ideology of Tyler alludes to the idea that the Georgia Flu killed 'the sinners', as it was a "great cleansing". The biblical allusion of 'cleansing' suggests Tyler's belief in the Georgia Flu which is that it rid the world of the 'unworthy' and resulted in corrupt world. however, in reality, was a disastrous pandemic.

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Examine the structural elements within a text and how they shape your interpretation of ideas.

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Mandel's use of anaphora contributes to the novel's elegiac style and highlights the idea that life after the Georgia Flu is different to life before. There are "No more cities. No more films ... No more screens..." This technique contributes to the elegiac style as it emphasises the loss of aspects of modern life. Furthermore, at the end of the novel Clarke is reminiscing about life before the flu and Mandel also incorporates anaphora here, to accentuate this loss. He is remembering "the last time I ate an ice-cream cone... the last time I danced in a club" This indicates Clarke reflecting on aspects of daily life that we take for granted, thus contributing to the elegiac style.

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The use of many different contextual elements form a particular way of regarding something

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How does a characters perspective shape the way you respond to a novel?

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The narrator uses foreshadowing to hint at the coming epidemic, when Miranda uses a phone, that "was during the final month of the era, when it was possible to press some buttons on a telephone and speak with someone on the far side of the earth." This demonstrates the importance of the "phone" and other modern possessions that connect the world and highlights our reliance on technology, whilst hinting at develops in the novel, whereby people are isolated and disconnected from one another.

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A sentence using the concept from Station Eleven

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A sentence using the concept from Station Eleven

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Mandel uses the symbolism of station 11 to shape the readers perspective of the character Miranda, where she is constantly referred to as a refuge for her, one where she can write the own script and the characters live in a state of predictable unpredictability. There is reference to how the modern most apocalypse life is scripted, where people are controlled by expectations, materialistic items and controlled by employment. "They're always waiting... before she realises what shes going", creating the sense that Miranda is meant for this world and rathers the beauty of the post apocolyptics world REWRITE. WHAT IS MIRANDA'S PERSPECTIVE? NOT THE READER'S

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Tyler controlling attitude contributes to his fundamentalist religious perspective. These certain Christian beliefs and the "cleansing that they suffered 20 years ago", reinforces Tylers beliefs that the Georgia Flu was God's way of cleansing the world of its sinners.

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Principles or standards of behaviour, one's judgement of what is important in life.

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Values shape ideologies and attitudes, are followed and believed in by people, and are thought to be good, not bad.

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Explain how language choices are used to reflect values within a text you have studied.

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The environment in which a text is responded to or created. Context can include the general social, historical and cultural conditions in which a text is responded to and created (the context of culture) or the specific features of its immediate environment (context of situation). The term is also used to refer to the wording surrounding an unfamiliar word that a reader or listener uses to understand its meaning.

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Context of production refers to various influences that helped shape the author's construction of a text. These include historical, cultural and social factors, alongside the author's context. (Gender, age, relationships, experiences, beliefs, values, etc.)
Context of reception refers to how a text has been received, both at the time the text was created, as well as different audiences over time. It's important to consider different readings, and how dominant perspectives change accordingly, and therefore, so do responses.

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Explore how different contextual factors influence the construction of a text, in order to appeal to different audiences.

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The author has been influenced by "pop culture", through her allusion to the 2014 television series, Star Trek Voyager. Throughout the novel, Kirsten's mantra that "survival is insufficient" is repeated, as she endeavours to appreciate art and culture, in a post-pandemic world. In its initial context, the line is stated by two characters in an episode of Star Trek, reflecting on the notion that there has to be more to life than simply staying alive.

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The way in which an individual thinks or feels about another individual object or situation. it is reflected in an individuals behaviour.

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- Attitudes are a settled way of thinking
- They are a way someone feels towards something
- Values shape our attitudes
- Emotions are temporary whereas attitudes are set

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Discuss how attitudes and values of characters in the text influence your response.

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- Kirstens attitude is that survival isn't living
- it relates to the quote "survival is insufficient"
- she feels she doesn't live a fulfilling life and needs to find joy and happiness.
- "they spend all their lives waiting for their lives to begin" - they were never satisfied with the life they were living
- her decisive attitude that survival isn't living.

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Tyler’s fanatical ideology is reinforced later in the novel, which was shown through the dialogue of Clarke and Tyler. “Some people were saved, people like us… who are good… people who weren’t weak.” Through Tyler differentiating between the ‘good’ and the ‘weak’, when referring to why people passed away because of the Georgia Flu, it showcases to readers his ideologies and his beliefs that the Georgia flu rid the world of the ‘weak’ and that the ‘good’ were saved.

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Arthur's need and want for recognition reflects the values of ambition and determination. When being interviewed by Jeevan, Arthur poses the loaded question which will be viewed by a wide audience, "Everyone wants to be famous, right?" reflecting how his drive for fame and fortune is influenced by the values of ambition and determination.

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an author's purpose is their reason or intent in writing.

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the author's aim or intention to position the audience to respond in a specific way. EG, to inform, educate, entertain, etc

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analyse how language choices are made for different purposes in Station Eleven.

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Language features such as anaphora contribute to the Mandel’s purpose of critiquing how much humanity relies on things such as electricity and technology. The constant reminder of all the things we could lose that we take for granted, such as ‘no more porch lights’ and ‘no more internet’, highlights the extent in which our humanity relies on electricity and technology, both of which we take for granted every day.

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The use of anaphora shows the contrast between the life before and after the collapse to help the readers grasp the idea of the loss of everyday things such as medicine, aeroplanes, and technology. After many years in the airport, Clark remembers "the last time [he] ate an ice-cream cone… The last time [he] danced in a club… The last time [he] saw a moving bus…” reflecting on the relatively normal aspects of daily life, which we take for granted. This serves as a stark comparison to the list stated at the start of the story which elicits the ideas that at the beginning of the collapse there were “No more cities. No more films… No more screens…”consolidating the many of aspects of the world that cease to exist in this post-apocalyptic world.

By lexi o

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Miranda's irritated tone expresses how Arthur didn't want to spend time on their anniversary with her, through "Why would a(n) anniversary involve anyone other than... two people...?". This contributes to Miranda's lonely voice as she is commenting on how rejected and marginalised she is at her own anniversary celebration.

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The dramatic irony that is evident in Station Eleven also contributes to the elegiac style of the novel. The readers know what events are going to unfold before the characters do. For example, in the final part of the novel when Arthur is making plans for his life such as "He'd buy an apartment and he'd see Tyler everyday". This is ironic because the readers know he's going to die, and this will never happen, thus contributing to the style, as it provides a reflection on the fleeting nature of life and implications of loss, both in terms of death, and in relationships. GREAT EXAMPLE BY MS F-S

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Kirsten's curt voice is conveyed through short syntax and the fact that she has a cautious nature with her interactions around other people. Her brief and vague introduction of "I'm Kirsten. This is August," expresses her reluctance to expand, which also signifies her cautious nature. Kirsten also often comes off rudely brief when interacting with other people which contributes to her curt voice.

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The narrative point of view also contributes to the elegiac style. The novel is written in third person omniscient narration and this allows the audience to develop an understanding of various characters emotions and thoughts. For example, it allows the audience to understand Kirsten and her vague memories of life prior to the Georgia Flu and her current circumstances. QUOTE (HER THOUGHTS/FEELINGS)
INCLUDE AN ALTERNATIVE EXAMPLE TO DEMONSTRATE THE SHIFT IN PERSPECTIVE

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Elegiac prose is present in Mirandas moments before her death as she is reflecting on her life. Through the utilisation of lexical choice, Mandel displays that, in her last moments on Earth, Miranda was comforted by both art and knowing that somewhere else, other people would be safe from the Georgia Flu. This reinforces the idea that humans care for each other and want humanity to survive in times of danger. “She smiled at the thought that there were people in this reeling world who were safe.” Lexical choice of the verb 'smiled' suggests that she is soothed by the thought of others who would be safe whilst she lays, feverish and dying, on the beach. The reflective tone, employed through the construction of Miranda’s death, encourages readers to feel connected to her experience and grasp better knowledge on the idea that in times of danger humans still care about the wellbeing of others.

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Through Arthur's privileged perspective, he is conveyed as a famous, wealthy white male, who values the adoration and attention from others, specifically females. This perspective is conveyed though Mandel's use of diction and the characters interactions with other characters in the book. "Did Arthur have anyone he is close with?.... Uncomfortable silence". This (STATE TECHNIQUE) helps to deliver this perspective to readers, as even though Arthur has lived many lives and met many people, he is still very much alone. FINAL QUOTE DOESN'T SUPPORT QUOTE

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"What was lost in the collapse: almost everything, almost everyone, but there is still such beauty"- theme 'survival and death' -  an apocalypse survivor's perspective = Kirsten Raymonde, a performer who survived the flu as a child, is our main window into the present. Because she was so young at the time, many of the traumas she faced have been erased in her mind, and she struggles to piece together what she has lost in her hunt for identity and meaning, which are fuelled mostly by her vivid memories of Arthur. The remaining beauty she is able to see in the world, others may not be able to notice, as they are too scarred from their traumas, thus reflecting the ideology of a grateful survivor.

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The Prophet’s thirst for power and dominance reflects the values of ambition and constancy. When confronting Kirsten and August, the Prophet said “We were saved because we are the light. We are the pure.” The lexical choice and repetition of the personal pronoun “we” reflects how the Prophet believes he and his people are meant for more in the new world, possibly driven by the idea that he is the saviour or messiah of his time. This reflects how his values of ambition and constancy have influenced him to want to become someone or something more.

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Crucial elements of humanity is discussed within the novel such as culture and art. Many individuals are also examined within the novel and the extreme lengths they would go to, so they can preserve it.
Examples from the text
- "survival is insufficient"- allusions from Star Trek episode explaining that survival isn't enough for a person rather other elements within an individuals life
- "they walked slowly with weapons in hand, the actors scouts watching for danger ahead and behind the road"- lexical choice of the word 'weapons' signifies danger and possible danger How relevant?

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Miranda’s accepting and serene attitude contributes to her ‘wronged partner’ perspective. ‘"I'm sorry", Elizabeth says for the third time,’ This reinforces Miranda’s ‘wronged-partner’ perspective as when she found out her husband was having an affair she ELIZABETH? apologised numerous times. This also shows the reader that Miranda has such a defeated attitude as she’s been hurt in the past and when her relationship with Arthur deteriorates, she doesn’t do anything to try and repair the relationship as she is too afraid to speak up because of her last relationship with an abusive boyfriend QUOTE and, from Miranda’s perspective, her relationship with Arthur was damaged beyond repair it as it has been “too late for a while now.” Overall, Miranda is quite a sensitive character as many bad things have happened to her while she’s been in relationships which is why she has a ‘wronged-partner’ perspective .

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Miranda's ability to put others needs before her own whilst remaining calm reflects her values of consideration and serenity. After her husband Arthur, cheated on her with Elizabeth, she continued to keep her cool as "it's been too late for awhile." Miranda's continues to remain independent and strong despite her husband being unfaithful towards her. FURTHERMORE, HER CONSIDERATION OF OTHERS IS DEMONSTRATED THROUGH...

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Miranda's accepting and passive attitude

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Miranda's accepting and passive attitude

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- when she finds out that her husband is having an affair, she doesn't fight it she accepts what is happening and moves on.
- when Arthur cheats on her she chooses not to fight it as in her previous relationship she was abused and was unable to speak up about what was concerning her. Overtime she chose to accept what was happening as if there was no point in trying to tell him what she is thinking.
- she believed that her relationship with Arthur was not ever going to be able to be repaired.
- Miranda claims that it has been "too late for a while now"

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In the text station eleven the author Emily St. John Mandel plays with the use of structure by incorporating 2 text types throughout the part. Mandel uses many structural techniques within part 4 such as flashbacks. These are displayed through the letters that Arthur wrote to all of his ex-wives, each of the letters displays all of Arthurs different emotions that he is feeling towards each wife as he writes them. Flashbacks allow the reader to understand Arthur's character as he dies so early in the novel. The flashbacks also allow an insight into Arthur's life and career at the point in time when he was married to each of the women. As well as Mandel using flashbacks to portray Arthur.

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Emily St. John Madel uses the symbolism of Station 11 stylistically throughout Section 3, in order to shape the readers perspective CHARACTER'S PERSPECTIVE, NOT READERS of the character Miranda. This post-apocalyptic world of Miranda’s creation is constantly referred to as a refuge for her, one where she can write the own script and the characters live in a state of predictable unpredictability. There is an allusion to how the modern pre-apocalypse life is “scripted”, where people are controlled by expectations, material things and controlled by your employment. Miranda finds solace in a place where they are in a state of static waiting, where it is in a constant state of semi-darkness; sunset, twilight or night. “They are always waiting, the people of the Undersea. They spend all their lives waiting for their lives to begin… Miranda is drawing Leon Prevant’s reception area before she realizes what she’s doing.” Although, Miranda throws herself into the corporate lifestyle where “she lives a life that feels like freedom”, she is lived the scripted expectation of modern life. She is still in this state of waiting for these boundaries to disappear, shown by the narratorial comment; “They are always waiting, the people of the Undersea. They spend all their lives waiting for their lives to begin. These revelations are particularly important for the reader’s interpretation of the novel, because it is dark ironic in that Miranda was one of the few people meant for this post-apocalyptic world [“We were not meant for this world” she writes of the scripted modern life] built rather for the unpredictability and beauty of post-collapse life and yet doesn’t live to see it. Rather her comics are form connection between, and provide solace for, those who are trapped in this Station 11-like world. She expresses the deep connection that people feel with their murders in the post-collapse world through this empathetic view between her “murder”, who had taken her current life away from her, “a moment where everything is still. Station Eleven is all around them.” In these ways the extended symbolism of Station Eleven alludes to the post-apocalyptic world and reveals the changes to the human experience that accompanies it.

Human condition

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Through Arthur's celebrity perspective and his eagerness and strong desire to seek wide recognition. He is portrayed as an ambitious male who doesn't value the people around him which is a result of getting caught up in the fame. "lets be real here, everyone wants to be famous right?" Utilising dialogue contributes to Arthurs characterisation by converting his meaning and tone. "He was performing...like having dinner with an audience" The point of view from Clarkes critical perspective of Arthur and the way he was behaving. 

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Through Arthur's celebrity perspective and his eagerness and strong desire to seek wide recognition. He is portrayed as an ambitious male who doesn't value the people around him which is a result of getting caught up in the fame. "lets be real here, everyone wants to be famous right?" Utilising dialogue contributes to Arthurs characterisation by converting his meaning and tone. "He was performing...like having dinner with an audience" The point of view from Clarkes critical perspective of Arthur and the way he was behaving. 

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Aeroplanes, are used as a motif, presenting the idea that, in the post apocalyptic world, this mode of travel doesn't exist in the world anymore and those who survived the apocalypse only have their own memories of them. " I dreamt last night I saw an airplane" (WHO? ATTRIBUTE TO CHARACTER) As dreams often represent desires, This shows that the characters had hope that their pandemic lives would go back to the civilisation where aeroplanes exist in a post- Georgia flu world. FURTHERMORE, (ANOTHER QUOTE) REFLECTING FREEDOM AND DESIRE FOR ESCAPE

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Mandel's novel reflects on the beauty and hope of the world, even in the midst of an apocalypse. When Jeevan is in Frank's apartment after the city has gone dark he still holds out hope that there would be 'a world out there'. The beauty is epitomised by The Travelling Symphony who bring music and stories into the settlements they visit. Her purposeful focus on these ideas allows readers to reflect on the value of human beauty and the capacity for hope even in the darkest times.