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STEP 1:   Choose any one of the terms below

Intersectionality

Social Justice

Diversity

Cultural Awareness

Cultural Sensitivity

Cultural Intelligence

Cultural Competence

Cultural Humility

Cultural Confidence

Multiculturalism

Health Equity

STEP 2:   POST: A photo or picture  that is an example of  the term and explain on PADLET PAGE

STEP 3:   Comment on at least 2 posts from your classmates..

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Cultural competency is the ability to function competently and effectively when interacting with those of different cultures and background. This skill is very important in the public health world as it helps us understand why people in different cultures do what they do health-wise. For example, in my Chinese culture, we tend to push down mental health under a blanket and not talk about it. This is detrimental to both me and my sister. However, after living on campus and seeing that there are clubs and organizations where mental health is supported with the understanding that it's taboo in certain cultures has helped me a lot. Without cultural competency health practicians and public health educators would not be able to effectively help others of different background and would only benefit a small part of the population. I chose this photo to help represent the diversity in our world and the need for cultural competence.

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Diversity means there is a variety of people from a range of different social, political, racial, and ethnical backgrounds. This also includes people of different genders and sexual orientation. We all come together as one and we solve the problems that need to be solved. We also accept everyone for who they are and we respect everyone's opinion. We do not censor and divide. Instead, we unite and conquer.

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Health equity is when everyone has a fair opportunity to attain the highest level of health possible. It aims to reduce and eliminate structural disparities in the health care system for excluded or marginalized groups. Health equity differs from health equality in that the goal is for everyone to receive individualized care to bring them to the same level of health. Health equally means everyone has the same standard of care despite individuals requiring more or less care. In addressing the needs of the community, public health workers need to address health equity. Often means interacting with the community to see where they are facing health disparities. The picture I chose as an example of health equity shows three individuals that would like to look over a fence. Health equality would mean that each person would either receive the same box or not receive one at all. These two options would give some individuals advantages over others and not provide a fair opportunity for viewing. Providing an individually-tailored box (or absence of a box) allows everyone the chance to view over the fence fairly.

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"Diversity refers to divergence among people, rooted in age, culture, health status and condition, race, ethnicity, experience, gender, sexual orientation and various combinations of these traits" (Bensley and Brookins-Fisher, 2019).

I chose this picture because it represents all diversity of all living things including animals. Diversity does not only apply to human beings but to all. Also, disability is part of diversity even though it is not part of the definition mentioned above.

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Cultural intelligence refers to the skill to relate and work effectively in culturally diverse situations. It’s the capability to cross boundaries and prosper in multiple cultures. People with high cultural intelligence aren't experts in every kind of culture. Instead, they have the skills to go into new environments with confidence and to make informed judgments based on observations and evidence. It is something that we must continuously improve on and work on.

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Health Equity is achieved when everyone has fair opportunities to be as healthy as possible. It is different from equality because health equality gives everyone the same opportunity, while health equity gives everyone fair and necessary opportunities. Like the picture above, the equality side all have the same opportunity to watch the game, while the health equity side gives the people in need what is fair for them to watch the game. By giving healthy equity for all people, it ensures that everyone is able to attain their full potential. Some people are at a disadvantage for reasons such as social factors, finances, disabilities, diseases, etc. Health equity ensures that each of these people with different disadvantages, has a fair chance at attaining complete health.

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Social Injustice Affecting the Health of Minorities 

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Social Injustice Affecting the Health of Minorities 

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Social Justice can be defined in our textbook,  Community and Public Health Education Methods, as having social, economic, and political equality which is something Americans are still sadly fighting for till this day. Social justice is important to understand as a health health education specialist because public health is a profession of social justice. Not having social, economic, and political equality affects an individual’s health. The CDC has reported that our peers apart of the LGBTQ+ community two times more likely to get bullied at school than those who are not, they are also twice more likely to be involved in sexual violence, and those were are in 7th-12th grade are twice more likely to commit suicide (p.g 36). The LGBTQ+ community not having the same social equality of heterosexuals is detrimental to their health and overall well-being. Kaiser had also posted some statics on their website about health and health care for Hispanics in the United States compared to non-Hispanics. Sadly, Hispanics face a lot of social injustice in America and this has negatively affected their health. On the website it shows the statistics of the health challenges hispánicas face compared to whites, such as Hispanics are three times more likely to be diagnosed with HIV and are two times higher to have a teen birth rate. This is because health care and proper sexual education is not as accessible to Hispanics compared to whites. On top of that, 25% of Hispanics are most likely going to be uninsured compared to a low 8% of white people. Even a Hispanic being a full time worker, it is much harder for them to receive health insurance compared to white people. Equality is important to all human lives! We must continue to fight for social justice

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Health equity is when everyone has an equal opportunity to live the healthiest life they can and have access to resources specific to their own needs. Health equity can be commonly misinterpreted as health equality, however, they are completely different. Health equality is when everyone is given the same exact resources to be healthy, however, this may not be fair in some cases. The picture I chose is a great example of defining health equity. On the left, health equality is shown. Each person got the same size box but this is not beneficial to everyone, only one person. Their specific needs are completely ignored. On the right, health equity is shown. Each person got a different size box that is adjusted to their individual needs and will allow for an equal opportunity to benefit from this action. Healthy equity is used to minimize disparities and disadvantages that some people are subject to through out the healthcare industry, for instance, those who are economically or socially disadvantaged. Overall, health equity ensures no one is denied the possibility of an opportunity to live a healthy life, as everyone has their own health needs.

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Health equity is when everyone has an equal opportunity to live the healthiest life they can and have access to resources specific to their own needs. Health equity can be commonly misinterpreted as health equality, however, they are completely different. Health equality is when everyone is given the same exact resources to be healthy, however, this may not be fair in some cases. The picture I chose is a great example of defining health equity. On the left, health equality is shown. Each person got the same size box but this is not beneficial to everyone, only one person. Their specific needs are completely ignored. On the right, health equity is shown. Each person got a different size box that is adjusted to their individual needs and will allow for an equal opportunity to benefit from this action. Healthy equity is used to minimize disparities and disadvantages that some people are subject to through out the healthcare industry, for instance, those who are economically or socially disadvantaged. Overall, health equity ensures no one is denied the possibility of an opportunity to live a healthy life, as everyone has their own health needs.

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This term was coined by Kimberlé Crenshaw as she realized that in society, there was not a viable method of articulation on the Black woman's specific experience. She found that the Black woman's experience greatly differed from the male counterpart and from the White woman. By being both Black and a woman, they experience the overlapping of discriminations of their racial identity along with gender.

While applying  this phenomenon to other individuals, marginalized groups suffer from their simultaneous struggles and oppressions and may not benefit from the privileges that others may have. Various forms of oppressions such as the ones displayed in the image may be present in an individual's life at the same time. As these oppressions all exist alone, they may be more deterimental when placed together. Intersectionality's concept has been used more in society to understand more about social relations and the intersecting prejudices and biases. I chose this image as it is a venn diagram of multiple identities overlapping each other, displaying the phenomenon of intersectionality.

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Cultural awareness is simply being aware of the many different cultures around you, whether it is in the workplace or at school. Being culturally aware is the foundation of communication and respect, which is achieved by taking a step back and understanding that someone might have a different point of view because of their background. In the office environment, you will inevitably come across all sorts of people possessing diverse backgrounds. It may or may not clash with the values your company maintains. That said, being culturally aware is crucial because it might help you understand how someone’s background plays an immense and important role in the formation of their own personality. As a result, cultural awareness helps us break down cultural barriers, build cultural bridges, and learn how to love and appreciate those different from us. We can relate better to people with cultural differences as we begin to understand ourselves better. This results in more cultural connection and less cultural conflict.

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As shown in my image, intersectionality can be demonstrated because it shows that individuals are defined by multiple parts of their culture. It is important that health education programs consider intersectionality because there are multiple layers to one person as we see in the image that must be considered when creating health education programs. These layers can show disadvantages and advantages that individuals may be experiencing. For instance, someone can be African American and rich. Education programs must know that an African American person can be disadvantaged for their skin color because they still face discrimination. It is also important to take notice that the individual may be at an advantage when it comes to financial status since they are wealthy. All things listed around the person in the image should be considered by health officials because intersectionality is seen in most individuals and is not just defined by one part of someone's life.

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I chose this picture to describe diversity due to the different amount of people in it. This picture is the best way to describe the variety of people that are a part of every community. Every person has their own cultural background and personal experiences. Along with the their very own age, race, ethnicity, gender and sexual orientation. There are plenty of other factors that are also a part of every individual person but this picture captures a lot of them. This is important in health education because it is crucial for people to make sure and understand how to make people feel comfortable. It is significant for people to become educated about the differing backgrounds so that it creates a better environment for everyone.

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Many people have been taught to believe that everyone deserves some equality in their life. Equality, where we all deserve the same opportunity, in order to achieve an optimal healthy lifestyle. When one dives in deeper to the significance of equality, we understand that by everyone being given the same resources the issue of health inequity still exist. In order, to resolve health inequity issues, it is crucial to understand that what we are seeking for is equity rather than equality. While equality ensures that everybody gets the same thing, equity ensures that everybody get that something (specific) they need to achieve an optimal healthy lifestyle. Equity itself is responsible for the access one gives community members and how understanding one can be with each individuals specific life situation. The picture above, does a great job in illustrating the major differences between equality and equity. The picture that reflects equality, clearly shows that all the individuals are handed the same bike, disregarding their special needs. The picture under equity, shows that every person is given a specific bike that adjust to their special needs, and doing this is what is needed to eliminate health inequity throughout our world.

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Cultural sensitivity is the awareness of cultural differences and similarities among people without assigning a value to whether it is wrong or right. Being culturally sensitive allows the professional or practitioner to respect and value a client or other practitioner's perspectives and to be non-judgemental when working together. The picture shown shows professionals that come from their respective countries with their own cultures. A simple example of cultural sensitivity is to be respectful with how they address their peers with Mr, Ms, Ma'am, or Sir as to some cultures, referring with the first name is not offensive.

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This picture represents effective communication between members of differing cultural backgrounds. Cultural awareness is defined as being sensitive to the similarities and differences existing between cultures. Individuals have unique attitudes and values depending on their own culture. By being respectful of others and accepting people's opinions, rights and feelings when they differ from ours, we allow ourselves to develop more successful personal and professional relationships and benefit from cultural diversity. Cultural awareness is especially important in healthcare, helping providers understand unfamiliar attitudes and behaviors to allow better collaboration with patients. This results in improved health outcomes. Overall, everyone should make an effort to practice cultural awareness, understand others around us, and improve our views.

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Intersectionality is a person or a group of people belonging to different social categories they identify with that makeup who they are. Examples of social categories, as demonstrated in the image, include gender, race, ethnicity, and many more. Each category overlaps with one another, and if such group is historically oppressed, adds a level of disadvantage for the individual. One simply does not have one social identity, they have multiple which make up who someone is. For example, I am a 20-year-old heterosexual Hispanic female who speaks Spanish and English. Those social groups I identify with makeup who I am. It is important to educate ourselves on intersectionality to understand the experiences one has and use our voices when needed to increase inclusion and respect.

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Cultural Humility has to do with being well aware about your own culture in regards to your beliefs and customs as well as any issues that may arise due to differences or misunderstandings. However, it also involves being knowledgeable about the issues that other cultures are facing. In other words, people with cultural humility should be able to understand others and not judge based on differences between cultures. The picture I provided is a perfect example because as health professionals we have to provide the same type of care to everyone.

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Culture awareness is the consciousness of cultural similarities and differences. Culture awareness is important because it allows individuals to understand peoples rules and norms without judging them. For example in a work place environment where different people from different cultures come together to work, cultural awareness can help in areas such as communication, problem solving, and decision making. In like matter culture awareness makes communicating with different people a-lot easier. It helps us understand other peoples culture as well as our own. The picture above shows people from around the world with different cultural backgrounds. This illustrates cultural awareness because people from around the world come together to teach other about their own culture so others are aware. Everyone in the picture is holding each others hand which shows a welcoming message to get to know each others culture.

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Cultural competence is defined as the ability to understand and provide appropriate care when interacting with people from different cultures. When it comes to public health, cultural competence plays a big role because it helps to build relationships between healthcare providers and patients. Without cultural competence health providers would find it difficult to understand different belief systems and would  not be able to improve health outcomes. For example, language can be a barrier that can impact the communication between a physician and  a patient, and could not provide better health. On the other hand, with cultural competence, people can avoid these barriers and provide the services an individual needs. I chose the picture above, because it helps to represent the relationships that are being formed with cultural competence between people from different cultures.

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Multiculturalism embraces admiration and appreciation of the multiple cultures and ethnic backgrounds that make up a person, thus creating society. Understanding multiculturalism fosters creativity (especially in the workplace), cherishes differences and increases understanding along with respect. It also opens the door to promotion of teaching and learning more native languages,  and can broaden curriculum in school. Multiculturalism is a celebration of a people, of all people. It's deeper than diversity. The picture I have provided is what multiculturalism means to me, its more than black and white, it's all colors, nationalities, creeds, and identities.

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Health equity is when everyone has a fair and  just opportunity to be as healthy as possible. Now some people may ask why not health equality. And the reason for that is because in health equality everyone is given the same amount when some people may not need that much or is too little, therefore not everyone is given a fair and just opportunity to be as healthy as possible. But in health equity everyone is given to the amount that they need to ensure they get to be as healthy as possible. For instance someone whos socioeconomic status is high they do not need the same amount of help as someone who has a low socioeconomic status. This picture is a great example of that because it shows in health equality both people are given the same height of ladder but one cannot reach the apple tree because they need a higher ladder. In the health equity picture you see that they are given the right amount of height in their ladder as to how much they need.

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From the textbook, cultural awareness very broadly is defined as the consciousness of cultural similarities and differences. Every individual is unique in their own way. Cultural backgrounds play an important part in making up an individual. Individuals must take into consideration that perhaps what they believe in is different than another individuals. It is crucial for society to be openminded when encountering someone from a different culture. Being aware of another person's culture, definitely makes communication and getting along well with others a lot more easier. I believe that cultural awareness is beautiful as every individual must be taken in consideration and not be left out.

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As shown in the textbook, multiculturalism, is defined as a recognition of racial and cultural diversity, respect for the beliefs and culture of others, and a recognition that all members of a society have contributions to make for its betterment. The concept of multiculturalism also includes the idea of equality among people regardless of determinants like race, ethnicity, gender identity, sexual orientation and what not.
I chose this image because its shows no matter your gender, height or background, we all come together to appreciate what each country and culture brings to the table as it makes an improvement to our daily lives.

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Cultural sensitivity is when you are aware of cultural differences and similarities between different people and are respectful towards their own beliefs regardless if it is not the same as yours. Cultural sensitivity is very important within our world because of the vast differences that we have. It is especially important in health care because many people abide by their own beliefs and may not take in consideration of Western culture for example. One example would be how people from Eastern countries tend to take holistic remedies when dealing with health issues. The picture I chose is a great example of showing how we should be able to respect others regardless of our differences. They are able to accept each others differences and be able to create a friendship. Cultural sensitivity is important because if they travel to a foreign area, it can help a person's understanding of new surroundings and be able to adapt faster because of the ability to be open-minded and accepting.

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Cultural sensitivity is acknowledging that different cultures exist beyond your own. It brings awareness and acceptance to other cultures and others' culture identities; seeking knowledge about other cultures. With cultural sensitivity, one is able to work and think through these differences and ensure a useful and collaborative interaction for all involved. I decided to use this image to represent cultural sensitivity because as shown this is a diverse group of people with different cultures and cultural identities. Each person of different cultural background is helping one another to create something bigger together. They are all each aware of their cultural differences and similarities allowing them to improve their understanding of new surroundings and adapting to changes faster. This is important in health education because we become aware of the respect that we have in our own values while adapting to the values of other cultures we interact with. By being culturally sensitive, we imply the knowledge we learned from others cultures to our work to make it inclusive for all.

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The capacity to self-reflect on one's own and others' cultural biases is known as cultural confidence. Furthermore, it is the capacity to accept responsibility for one's own cultural ignorance while yet having the confidence to speak openly about the world's most serious racial concerns. Cultural confidence is essential in the public health field as professionals implement programs for diverse groups of people. Having the confidence to self-reflect on one's actions will allow the ability to better provide for diverse populations. I chose the image as self-reflection is essential to help a public health professional understand that if they made a mistake or were ignorant, they can improve themselves. This then allows the person to feel more confident about the decisions they need to make to improve the health of others.

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Cultural Humility extends beyond cultural competence. The main goal of cultural humility is self-reflection and knowing that you don't know everything about another culture and may not even know everything about your own culture. It doesn't mean stopping at that though, you then need to make a commitment to continue to learn about those around you. It also means accepting when you are wrong about something. You may be competent about another culture however, if you stop there you are refusing to be open and learn new things. I chose this picture because it represents what is needed for humility. You need the ability to listen and connect with others, you need to be able to show empathy to others even when you may not fully understand their reasoning for certain actions or decisions. Both cultural competence and cultural humility are needed to be the most effective in the health care world when working with those of other cultures.

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Empathy Brain word cloud on a white background.

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Nov 4, 2020 - Illustration of Empathy Brain word cloud on a white background. vector art, clipart and stock vectors. Image 92942841.

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Diversity, as defined in Community and Public Health Education Methods, is, "divergence among people" (Bensley & Brookins-Fisher, 2019). In other words, the division individuals have between them in age, gender, sexual orientation, race/ethnicity, etc. The picture I chose represents diversity because it shows a variety of different types of people. There are both older, younger, abled, persons with disabilities as well as different skin colors. What I most enjoyed about this photo is that it captures how unique each individuals is and how despite these differences, we can all come together to accept one another without judgement. This is especially important in the United States because we are a diverse country that needs union within the different groups of people in order to seek and fight for equality for everyone.

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Cultural awareness is the understanding and appreciation of others cultural differences. In a world full of extremely diverse populations, our nation was built off the basis of diversity. We want to be able to respect others way of think as well as their beliefs within the medical field. We can practice cultural awareness by participating or learning about the different holidays and festivals that are celebrated around the world. In the Asian community, the mid autumn moon festival is happening right about now and it is a great way to explore the Asian culture and see how different families share their recipes on moon cake making. By creating an environment that understands the meaning of cultural awareness, there will be a sense of unity and understanding among different people who have different backgrounds.

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This picture is an example of Multiculturalism because it displays the importance of incorporating people’s cultures in public health. Since people come from a variety of backgrounds, understanding, and taking their cultural views is an effective way of increasing patients’ compliance. Diverse cultures have different views on health, and diseases and directly rejecting their views could deter them from seeking healthcare in the future. In the case of people not being able to speak English, there should be a healthcare employee that could speak their language to help the patients understand their illness and the treatment plan. Because California is a multicultural state and healthcare personal should understand that some people are not used to Western medication and health practices. Effectively incorporating people’s culture to their health practices is an effective way of connecting with their patients.

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This photo is a example of diversity within the public health community because the photo displays different groups of individuals. The photo has people of different skin tones, age, appearance, and much more. This is a important aspect within public health because this is a factor that public health must always take into consideration. Specialist must consider ALL individuals for the best health interest of the community.

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Diversity is the practice of involving/including people from a range of different social and ethnic backgrounds and of different genders, sexual orientations, etc. This photo exemplifies diversity due to there being people of different ethnic backgrounds and skin tones. Diversity is an important aspect of public health because working in this field you will come across many different people of many different backgrounds.

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Health Equity is an important concept in the world of public health. Health equity is a process that creates equal opportunity in communities for everybody to be healthy. In this photo, it shows individuals reaching up for an apple on a tree. The apples are supposed to represent health care. The text on the image states "Equality sounds fair, equity is fair". The image on the left side with the gray background depicts the concept of equality. Equality in health care can be unfair because not everyone in society has the same opportunities as others. Every individual on the left side has an "equal" opportunity to reach for the apple; but not everyone will get the apple. The photo on the right side with the white background depicts the concept of equity. Equity in health care is fair because although not everyone has the same opportunities as others, we make health care available to those who can't obtain it. Every individual on the right image has an apple even though they all took a different path to acquire it. Health equity aids in providing every person with the highest possible health care they can get.

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Multiculturalism is a concept that is often neglected in the world of healthcare, yet crucial in bridging the gap between the provider and the recipient of care. To me, this picture depicts how multiculturalism should be embraced and supported, not just in health care but in our regular daily lives. Understanding that there is diversity among our communities and willingness to learn and appreciate the differences is what this picture represents. In the world of healthcare and public health, it is important to stand together with those who have difficulty in accessing care and being heard. Embracing the diversity within communities is how we can move forward with efficiency and growth. Thus, we will be able to improve health outcomes with this in mind.

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Cultural awareness refers to being conscious of cultural resemblances and variations in both a professional and personal setting. Since there are many different cultures around us, it is essential to be aware of them to avoid judging others without understanding that they have their own perspectives. Cultural awareness plays a crucial role in effective communication because it allows us to comprehend different people’s cultures when conversing with them. In addition, being culturally aware reduces our chances of experiencing a cultural conflict and breaks down cultural barriers. We are able to appreciate people who are different from us while being open-minded and respectful. For example, the picture I included above displays individuals from various cultural backgrounds in the world coming together. This demonstrates cultural awareness because each person is coming forward to tell others about their culture while spreading awareness, and everyone is very welcoming and smiling happily.

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Cultural confidence is a process of self-reflection on one’s personal biases and willingness to change based on it. This term could be easily mistaken as being confident in your own culture, however, it is more about being confident in your own ability to learn about different cultures. It is being aware of your viewpoint of other people’s culture or your actions/words toward other people based on culture and being accountable for your own doing. I chose this picture because it shows an individual constantly self-reflecting on themselves, what they are doing and saying and learning from those mistakes or errors.

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Cultural Confidence is the continual self reflection in recognizing personal prejudices and biases and making changes to not follow stereotypes. A big part of cultural confidence is the ability to talk about these difficult subjects and admit cultural ignorance when it arises. This is especially important in the health field for a public health professional because it allows a person to address racial issues and create a healthy environment for diverse populations. I chose this picture because it shows a person looking into their own mind, which represents the self reflection in cultural confidence. Without looking into what a person already believes and what they need to change, cultural confidence could not exist.

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Intersectionality affects our lives by helping us identify ourselves and allowing us to have a voice. It is a term that aids us in understanding multiple forms of oppression that tend to overlap. This could be shaped by sexism, racism, poverty, homophobia, and other forms of discrimination. The nature that connects all of us falls into categories, for example, race, class, or gender. These can apply to an individual or group and create a system of interconnectedness towards disadvantages because they identify a certain way. The intersectionality perspective shows the ways individuals can hold power too. Rather than staying oppressed, it guides us to identify more complex than simple. For leaders, this helps leaders identify issues that minorities experience.
Moreover, it takes away the competitive mentality of the advantages for one minority that can hurt another group in the workplace. The way one identifies themselves as can either be empowering or oppressing in this society. For example, in today’s America, identifying as a rich, white, citizen, cisgender man, non-disabled, speaks English, neurotypical, robust, slim, a property owner with a postsecondary degree holds more privilege and power than someone who identifies as poor, dark, undocumented, transgender, significant disability, does not speak English, vulnerable, large,  homeless with elementary school/high school education. However, having the knowledge that minorities' needs should not be dismissed is important to bring awareness and solutions for their issues. I personally feel that this generation has done an amazing job with the acceptance of others' for their sexuality. As well as with abortion choices, from what I have come to experience in person. Usually, many have a pro-choice perspective towards abortion and that it should be legal as opposed to illegal. Women can experience oppression and so can people who identify as a different sexuality as well as many more other minorities.