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Nouns as adjectives - Presentation (16:9) by José Gomez

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Nouns as Adjectives! As you know, a noun is a person, place or thing, and an adjective is a word that describes a noun. However, sometimes in the English language, a noun is used to describe another noun; in other words, the first noun performs the function of an adjective. Look at the following examples:

- Basketball coach - here the noun basketball is being used to describe the noun coach

- Garment shop - here the noun garment is being used to describe the noun shop

- Painting exhibition - here the noun painting is being used to describe the noun exhibition

In all the above examples, the first noun acts as an adjective.

Nouns as Adjectives | Rules

Rule 1
The 'nouns as an adjective' always come first or before the second or main noun. Let's see a few more examples:
- A cricket bat

- A soccer ball

- A car race

- A love story

Rule 2
In general, like adjectives, nouns being used as adjectives are used in the singular form, although in the case of certain words, like clothes, customs, sports, etc, an exception is made. For example:
- Bathroom or bathrooms, and not bathsroom or bathsrooms

- Badminton racket or badminton rackets, and not badmintons racket or badmintons rackets

In short, the plural form will always appear on the second noun only.

Some nouns are always written or spoken in the plural forms, but we generally treat them as a singular form. For example:

- A billiards player

- A news editor

Some nouns are always treated in the plural forms when used as an adjective. For example:

- Sports museum

- Clothes outlet

- Accounts manager

Rule 3
Multiple nouns can also be used as adjectives. For example:
- School cricket team coach

- Motor production cost

- Child health care research center

Rule 4

We can also use a true adjective before nouns as adjectives. For example:

- Famous Indian cricket player

- Cute coffee mug

- Delectable Chinese cuisine

- Honest school teacher

- Increasing air pollution

Nouns as Adjectives | Infographic

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Nouns as Adjectives | When Nouns Act Like Adjectives

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Nouns as Adjectives! As you know, a noun is a person, place or thing, and an adjective is a word that describes a noun. However, sometimes in the English language, a noun is used to describe another noun; in other words, the first noun performs the function of an adjective.

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As you know, a noun is a person, place or thing, and an adjective is a word that describes a noun:

Sometimes we use a noun to describe another noun. In that case, the first noun "acts as" an adjective.

The "noun as adjective" always comes first

If you remember this, it will help you to understand what is being talked about:

a race horse is a horse that runs in races

a horse race is a race for horses

a boat race is a race for boats

a love story is a story about love

a war story is a story about war

a tennis ball is a ball for playing tennis

tennis shoes are shoes for playing tennis

a computer exhibition is an exhibition of computers

a bicycle shop is a shop that sells bicycles

The "noun as adjective" is singular

Just like a real adjective, the "noun as adjective" is invariable. It is usually in the singular form.

In other words, if there is a plural it is on the real noun only.

A few nouns look plural but we usually treat them as singular (for example news, billiards, athletics). When we use these nouns "as adjectives" they are unchanged:

a news reporter, three news reporters

one billiards table, four billiards tables

an athletics trainer, fifty athletics trainers

Exceptions: When we use certain nouns "as adjectives" (clothes, sports, customs, accounts, arms), we use them in the plural form:

clothes shop, clothes shops

sports club, sports clubs

customs duty, customs duties

accounts department, accounts departments

arms production

How do we write the "noun as adjective"?

We write the "noun as adjective" and the real noun in several different ways:

two separate words (car door)

two hyphenated words (book-case)

one word (bathroom)

There are no easy rules for this. We even write some combinations in two or all three different ways: (head master, head-master, headmaster)

How do we say the "noun as adjective"?

For pronunciation, we usually stress the first word:

Can we have more than one "noun as adjective"?

Yes. Just like adjectives, we often use more than one "noun as adjective" together. Look at these examples:

car production costs: we are talking about the costs of producing cars

England football team coach: we are talking about the coach who trains the team that plays football for England

Note: in England football team coach can you see a "hidden" "noun as adjective"? Look at the word "football" (foot-ball). These two nouns (foot+ball) have developed into a single noun (football). This is one way that words evolve. Many word combinations that use a "noun as adjective" are regarded as nouns in their own right, with their own dictionary definition. But not all dictionaries agree with each other. For example, some dictionaries list "tennis ball" as a noun and other dictionaries do not.

government road accident research centre: we are talking about a centre that researches into accidents on the road for the government

Newspapers often use many nouns together in headlines to save space. Look at this example:

BIRD HEALTH RESEARCH CENTRE MURDER MYSTERY

To understand headlines like these, try reading them backwards. The above headline is about a MYSTERY concerning a MURDER in a CENTRE for RESEARCH into the HEALTH of BIRDS.

Note, too, that we can still use a real adjective to qualify a "noun as adjective" structure:

empty coffee jar

honest car salesman

delicious dog food

rising car production costs

famous England football team coach

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As you know, a noun is a person, place or thing, and an adjective is a word that describes a noun: Sometimes we use a noun to describe another noun. In that case, the first noun "acts as" an adjective.

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How to use ADJECTIVES as NOUNS - A helpful guide (English Grammar)

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Especially helpful are exercises that are focussed on a theme or topic as these provide word retention practice so you can be confident to read, write, speak and listen successfully.

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A2 Using Nouns as Adjective for Flyers | Pre-Intermediate Level

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Especially helpful are exercises that are focussed on a theme or topic as these provide word retention practice so you can be confident to read, write, speak and listen successfully.

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Parts of Speech in English Grammar: NOUNS & ADJECTIVES