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I learned about creating and using priority lists in Galileo, and used them professionally for years. It was a helpful practice that I have fallen away from. I was very excited to see the practical application with students. It is a concrete skill that can be practiced regularly, that can help students in many areas of life, once they understand how to use it.

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Executive functioning skills are still being developed into a person's teens and early 20s. As with anything, the students in our classrooms all have different upbringings and experiences outside of our classrooms, including working on executive functioning skills, making modeling our routines and procedures even more important.

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Executive functioning can be modeled with students by posting schedules, reviewing previous learning, and modeling situations in which students need to use executive functioning to solve problems.

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Hearing about the important parts of executive function makes me grateful to teach music. We often deal with deadlines, hurdles, stress, and these occur on a daily basis in front of our peers. We overcome these challenges, figure out what works, what doesn't and then move on. We build on student's executive functions before they even know what it is.

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My biggest challenge is teaching incoming 7th graders how to function at the secondary level organizing assignments, class schedules, navigating the learning management system and powerschool.  I really enjoyed the homeroom teacher using the ABC of organizing assignments and then prioritizing assignment by students deciding which one is the frog.  Eat the frog first and everything else for the day will taste good. Love it, and I plan to use it.
M. Peruski

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This quote really resonated with me:    "Executive function is a more accurate predictor or success than test scores, IQ or socioeconomic status."

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Something that I learned about executive functioning was the way it was framed in the Edutopia article as a deficit. I’ve been thinking about it more as a blanketed skill that all of my students may need help with based on where they are developmentally, but it really could be different for each student as to what skill they may have a deficit in. This will help moving forward when checking in with students about which areas they may be struggling whether they are face to face or virtual.

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Austin Sellers- Prioritizing and Managing Tasks

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Austin Sellers- Prioritizing and Managing Tasks

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Some students grasp the fact that certain tasks and assignments need prioritizing more than others. When faced with more than one task at a time, students can become overwhelmed because they do not have the Executive Functioning skills to process which task to execute first and why. When I give my students a task or project to work on, I try to relate it to a real world setting and show the students how it would be done in an actual manufacturing environment by making a priority schedule with deadlines (also explain the reasoning) for each task until the project is complete.

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Priority lists help students organize what is most important  to get done first. Students can make them together. They are more likely to see the importance of these lists when peers make them and feel less like an adult is saying “do this now!” I often do this for myself when I feel overwhelmed by many tasks. It helps to see what needs to be done and to cross it off as it’s completed.

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By the time I get most of my students, senior year, they should already have most of these functions, and they just need a gentle reminder. The important thing is to teach them the functions that they will need for life after high school because nobody will give them a gentle reminder anymore, and they will learn the hard way how to function.

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Helping Students Develop Executive Functioning Skills

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Helping Students Develop Executive Functioning Skills

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Heather Carrigan
All of the ideas presented in the article are great.  The key time to remember is that you are teaching the skill to the student and not doing it for them.  Providing a daily schedule is great, but the student needs to learn how to make their own schedule and find systems that will work for them.

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What's Executive Function and Why Does it Matter?

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What's Executive Function and Why Does it Matter?

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Executive Function is a more accurate predictor of student success than test scores! We need to help students monitor their learning, keep stress in check, manage to-do lists, and learn metacognitive strategies that will lead to better preparation, planning, and performance.

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Routine of having students use Bb and Calendar to start each class when teacher is reviewing tasks.

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Teaching students how to set up and navigate through priority lists is a great teaching tool, especial those that feel overwhelmed with on-line learning and are falling behind. It allows them to get caught-up with missing work, so that they do not feel overwhelmed. It will also help them later in live as they enter the work force, having to work together as a team on a project or an idea.

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Executive Function & How to Help students develop them.

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Executive Function & How to Help students develop them.

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I thought that it was interesting that students with high levels of executive functioning skills are more likely to be successful later in life, and that executive functioning skill level is a better indicator of success than things like socio-economic status or race. It has become very clear to me that we need to teach our students these important life long skills.

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This is something I encourage my students to do but will now present it as a group effort as shown in the video. I have to remind myself that not all students are developmentally ready to take a suggested approach to reaching goals and deadlines. They need to be explicitly taught in multiple ways and given opportunities to practice.

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As adults, I think a lot of us are list makers and know how to prioritize the items on our to-do lists. This is a skill we may expect our students to be doing, but many of them don't know how to organize their tasks and prioritize them. I think this would be a great thing for us to encourage students do during SMART, especially on Mondays. We have them complete goal sheets, so adding a spot for them to prioritize specific tasks would be helpful as they continue through their week.

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Executive Functioning with Priority Lists

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Executive Functioning with Priority Lists

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Prioritizing assignments using an ABC model. The video suggests teaching modeling and student led activity. The idea that stuck out to me the most was "eat the Frog" or choose to prioritize the most important or challenging assignment/task to get it over with. Subsequent tasks/assignments will appear and feel less daunting.

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I thought this was a great video. Teaching students how to prioritize activities is a great tool. The frog idea was great as well.

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What’s Executive Function—and Why Does It Matter?

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What’s Executive Function—and Why Does It Matter?

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I like thinking of executive function as the brain’s air traffic controller. It helps keep us focused, plan ahead, regulate our emotions, and think flexibly and creatively.

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Executive functioning varies from student to student. It is important for teachers to demonstrate these skills on a regular basis. Right now our students are overwhelmed and stressed out, especially our freshman. SMART block would be a great place to start teaching skills such as how to prioritize and organize. Utilizing agendas and check lists are important.

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Executive functioning varies from student to student. It is important for teachers to demonstrate these skills on a regular basis. Right now our students are overwhelmed and stressed out, especially our freshman. SMART block would be a great place to start teaching skills such as how to prioritize and organize. Utilizing agendas and check lists are important.

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Helping Students Develop Executive Function Skills

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Helping Students Develop Executive Function Skills

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We help the children develop these skills by creating charts, checklists, asking metacognition questions and repeating directions before starting our work.  Active listening activities are very important with kindergartners to help regulate  their impulses to speak while others are talking.

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Helping Kids Develop Executive Functions

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Helping Kids Develop Executive Functions

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Taking the time to develop executive functions with students can save a ton of problems in the weeks to come. A calendar or chart that breaks down blocks of time for students helps them stay focused and not over whelmed with the day.

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Allows students to improve their abilities to stay focused, to plan ahead, to regulate their emotions and think flexibly and creatively.  Encourages independence.

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Without a doubt at the high school level this is a key element that is missing for many students. We need to find a way to help them get organized and complete tasks.

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What’s Executive Function—and Why Does It Matter?

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What’s Executive Function—and Why Does It Matter?

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"Executive function allows children to improve their abilities to stay focused, plan ahead, regulate their emotions, and think flexibly and creatively." Children are not born with these abilities and they need be explicitly taught. Intentionally building in brain breaks (breathing) can help children regulate emotions.

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Develop Executive Function with Priority Lists

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Develop Executive Function with Priority Lists

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I liked the idea of "Teacher as Facilitator" as the whole class brainstormed assignments for the week and one child recorded them.  The teacher empowered the students to share ideas, think aloud and talk about constraints.  The students were able to categorize each task.  Very powerful!

Pamela Offer

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Executive Functioning Skills- Priority Lists

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Executive Functioning Skills- Priority Lists

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Kara Michael
This video shows a whole class developing a priority list on the board as a way to manage their time and stay organized. The students are helping each other as the teacher guides them. This is a great student-centered activity!

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I liked the reminder that it is useful to post schedules and have consistent routines. This is something that can help students at every age level.
In addition, keeping the learning space uncluttered with limited distractions is something that I needed to be reminded of. This can sometimes be a tough balance for me.

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What are executive functioning skills and how do you develop them?

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What are executive functioning skills and how do you develop them?

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Executive functioning skills and how they impact on learning was my biggest take away during my UDL experience. I now provide timers, picture representation with fewer words, split assignments into smaller chunks.
These are life long skills that need to be developed and supported over time.

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Helping Students Develop Executive Functioning Skills

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Helping Students Develop Executive Functioning Skills

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Executive functioning needs time to grow. This is not something we are born with but it can be taught. Many of the students I work with have difficulty with this skill.

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Our students are under incredible amounts of stress, all the time. Helping them develop executive function skills is one way to help them manage some of this stress.

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I felt it was important to note that Executive Function needs to  be taught starting early and needs to continue all the way through High School.   The importance of Executive Function as a predictor of success in life.

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I liked this approach in helping students prioritize their schedules. I could see this as being useful, especially with our learning mediums constantly evolving this year. In the past I have used a similar approach with my third graders, calling it a "must do, can do" list. They "must" complete the items under the "must do" and the "can do" list gives them a choice of what they can do once they've prioritized the important work.

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Helping Students Develop Executive Functioning Skills

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Helping Students Develop Executive Functioning Skills

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Reviewing essential skill/concept from previous lesson supports executive functioning skills. Before jumping right into a new lesson spend a few minutes reviewing what was taught the day before. This supports those students who need extra time to get ready and organized for the next subject.

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I was able to watch the Edutopia developing executive function with priority skills.  

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I was able to watch the Edutopia developing executive function with priority skills.  

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I appreciated how the skill was modeled for the students daily and how the class collaboratively created the priority list. Also, a great reminder of our students being at different levels developmentally in growing the executive functions.

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Developing Executive Function with Priority Lists

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Developing Executive Function with Priority Lists

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How important it is to have students take ownership of an activity like this, everything from coming up with the activities to actually doing the writing and listing in order what needs the most attention.  Something as simple as writing the list gives students that ownership as opposed to the teacher doing it.

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Anne Cook - I thought the point about EF being the best predictor of success was fascinating. If that doesn't speak for these skills being taught and reinforced regularly, what does??

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Anne Cook - I thought the point about EF being the best predictor of success was fascinating. If that doesn't speak for these skills being taught and reinforced regularly, what does??

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Executive function is the idea of  mental control and self-regulation. The frontal lobe is used to  pay attention, control impulses, plan/organize, and remember things.  In my classroom, our social worker helps teach students the basic executive functioning skills. We are in the early stages, but my hope is that some of these important strategies will carry over into their everyday learning.  

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Executive function is the idea of  mental control and self-regulation. The frontal lobe is used to  pay attention, control impulses, plan/organize, and remember things.  In my classroom, our social worker helps teach students the basic executive functioning skills. We are in the early stages, but my hope is that some of these important strategies will carry over into their everyday learning.  

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I liked the video on creating a priority list. I could see how this would be helpful for SMART.

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3 Brain-Based Strategies That Encourage Deeper Thinking (Taravella)

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3 Brain-Based Strategies That Encourage Deeper Thinking (Taravella)

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Retrieval practice, elaboration, and concept mapping are great ways for students to engage in thinking and in turn process and store information for further use.

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Post Daily Schedules (itslearning)
Provide Visual Supports
Minimize Clutter (UDL)

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Start with what you want to do the least - the "frog".  I like this idea to do this task first and get it out of the way.  Then you can focus more clearly on the other tasks you need to do.

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I took away the idea to focus more time on the questions "What can I do better?" or "What was difficult?" with my students.

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I think one of the biggest pieces of executive function is metacognition.  It's important for young learners to be able to internalize not only that they know things, but can explain how they know that they know it.

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Giving students time to get outside and not skimp on recess is essential to mental health! Research proves that when students can release stored up energy and tension they are free to open their minds up to learning. These brain breaks are a crucial part of the school day!

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make sure they have it. It allows them to be prepared. As we transition back to F2F, I would like to incorporate this into my classroom as a visual aid for all students to rely on.
Your avatar

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Helping Students Develop Executive Functioning Skills

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Helping Students Develop Executive Functioning Skills

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We start each GTM with a list of supplies needed. I have yet to meet a child that does not benefit from routines, organization, and visual schedules. As we know, these are cruicial in our adult lives.

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Posting schedules is a great way for students to be organized and
it something they can use for the rest of their life.

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Age appropriate executive function skills need to be explained and modeled at all grade levels.  As secondary educators, we often assume students know how to prioritize their time, organize tasks, and regulate their thinking.  It is just as important, if not more so, to continue teaching these skills in older students.

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EXECUTIVE FUNCTIONING  All children can be taught these if we are intentional about building these skills. The A,B,C list to categorize and prioritize tasks.  What is your FROG (least favorite) from this list? Do this first.

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EXECUTIVE FUNCTIONING  All children can be taught these if we are intentional about building these skills. The A,B,C list to categorize and prioritize tasks.  What is your FROG (least favorite) from this list? Do this first.

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Use graphic organizers, help kids by repeating directions and have them repeat directions to oneanother. Our brains all develop at different rates and we need to understand that our students are all at different places with Executive Functioning skills.

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Develop Executive Functioning with Priority Lists

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Develop Executive Functioning with Priority Lists

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I love the frog quote. I didn't really think about teaching kids to create their own lists for getting their assignments done. I have always done that for them. Time to change that.

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Develop Executive Functioning with Priority Lists

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Develop Executive Functioning with Priority Lists

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Make an ABC priority list. Categorize tasks as a class.
- Write all assignments and deadlines on the board
- prioritize what needs to get done first based on due date and importance
- Identify most pressing tasks. Find what you want to do the least and get it done and out of the way FIRST.

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Prioritize Activities
Model and Teach
FROG - do least appealing activity first to get it out of the way
Stay Focused
Plan Ahead
Regulate Emotions
Mindfulness and Meditation
Do NOT skip Recess!

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Helping Students Develop Executive Functioning Skills

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Helping Students Develop Executive Functioning Skills

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Lori O'Brien I liked the simple suggestion of the metacognition tip to have students repeat directions to a partner and then have a volunteer repeat directions to the whole class.  This allows additional time for auditory processing/repetition for any students who may need it!

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Priority lists created as a class are a great way to get everyone on track without dictating the order. I also appreciate getting the FROG out of the way so everything else seems easier.

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Teachers need to teach students how and when to apply skills in order to complete a task. Executive functioning can be added to any lesson throughout the school day.

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Explicitly modeling the process of prioritizing tasks builds students’ ability to organize and manage their time.

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Kara Michael
This video showed a class developing priority lists on the board as a whole group. I thought is was a great way to get students to help each other with the teacher as a guide. This could be very useful for helping students manage their time and stay organized. A great student-centered activity!

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Develop Executive Functioning with Priority Lists

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Develop Executive Functioning with Priority Lists

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Executive function is developing all the way to teens and young adults. So it is essential to teach skills to help develop this. Some examples would be to model time management, model how failure is a part of the learning process, model how to ask questions (what can I do better next time?) and meditation. These will help students with executive function.

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For Executive Functioning skills to be successful they need to be modeled, taught, and built upon. This appears to be something that should be a regularly scheduled part of every student’s school day.

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Helping Students Develop Executive Function Skills

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Helping Students Develop Executive Function Skills

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Addressing a deficit requires understanding the type of deficiency the student faces. For example, if a student lacks knowledge, he or she does not know what to do or how to do a task. Educators need to be diagnostic when helping support students' executive functioning needs.

Sarah Prestel

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Breaking things down into smaller pieces is tremendously important to our little learners. They need things modeled and taught many times, especially our struggling students who have deficits with executive functioning.

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CV - We need to be aware that students need to balance more than our class.  Many students do not know how to prioritize so they become overwhelmed and do not know where to begin.  I like the ABC approach with the 'frog' analogy.

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Developing Executive Function w/ Priority Lists

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Developing Executive Function w/ Priority Lists

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The importance of developing the skills of organizing and prioritizing cannot be stressed enough! I loved that in the video it wasn't the teacher saying "You should . . .", but rather the student saying "Here's what I think . . . "

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Executive function needs to be consistently taught to children and is one of the most reliable predictors of success.

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Teaching students how to make a priority list and the process they must go through to do that is a great skill to have and must be intentional taught and developed over time.

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When addressing a deficit, it requires an understanding of the type of deficiency a student is facing. From there, we can work to help make school easier for the student.

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The importance of spending time in demonstrating executive functions

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The importance of spending time in demonstrating executive functions

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According to the video, executive function is one of the most reliable predictors of success in academics and in life.  It is far more than test scores, IQ, and socioeconomic status. The video stresses that even at the upper middle and high school level- teachers should spend the time to teach students how to stay organized and make use of their time using calendars, schedules, etc.

- Mary Yacoub

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I believe it truly can begin with teacher motivation. Students are very preceptive and can sense your passion for them and their learning. Talk with them, off topic. Investing in what they are feeling and experiencing can raise their desire to perform for you and for themselves.

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Executive function takes time to fully develop, and it develops at different rates in different children.
The prefrontal cortex of the human brain is constantly growing and changing in young children as well as adolescents.

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I watched the video on Priority Lists and think this is great for older students as they can become overwhelmed with outstanding or upcoming deadlines and assignments. I also like the idea of the "frog" assignment. The one that the student finds the most difficult or tedious and completing it first so that the others come a little bit easier to them.

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Our students from the earliest stages begin this process of organization and executing explicit expectations.  There are examples of color coding anchor charts, modeling, students taking on leadership roles, and reflection by drawing pictures, discussions, or writing.  Children develop their executive functioning skills at different rates and our consistency is so important.  The relationships we build with children is essential in supporting them to feel safe and  know that it is ok if we make mistakes along the journey.  The following article was a great relational strategy that is simple and quick to show appreciation, apology, and share aha moments.

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60-Second Strategy: Appreciation, Apology, Aha!

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A quick, low-key way to build community in your classroom on a daily basis.

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For time management posting schedules/activity schedule or using a calendar to map out goals is effective for the executive functions in students.

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Helping Students Develop Executive Function Skills

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Helping Students Develop Executive Function Skills

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A student may know what to do to complete a task, but may have trouble knowing when and how to apply the appropriate skills. For a student with this type of deficit, the teacher may confirm that he or she has all the required materials to complete a task. The teacher could provide a checklist with the necessary materials. For older students, the teacher could ask the students to generate the list and then gather the appropriate materials.

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executive functioning needs to be taught and reinforced with young children. schedules, modeling and facilitating will all help foster these skills.

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To help with the development of Executive Function one must foster working independently,
the ability to make lists and organize, self reflection like, "how can I do better next time?",
do mindfulness activities, and
have recess. Recess in the middle school would be a beautiful thing.

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Executive function takes time to fully develop, and it develops at different rates in children.

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Executive function takes time to fully develop, and it develops at different rates in children.

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Edutopia article:

To help with Executive Function:

Checklist of required materials- even better- post a picture on LMS of items to gather before beginning

Something I am trying during GTM is adding more structure to their work time, pausing for students to complete part of their work and posting  the end time of the allotment before moving on together.  I’m going to see if students find it helpful to stagger the teaching and the work time instead of doing all of the teaching before offering any work time.  I’m afraid that turning the students loose during the 2nd half of the class period to do their work is causing many to fall off.

The article validates this, promoting frequent check-ins

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I watched the video of the class creating priority lists. It seemed like a great strategy to teach my students. Many of them, especially freshmen, are very overwhelmed. I'm not sure if the class in the video was similar to SMART, but it reminded me that freshmen-only SMART classes could be so beneficial at the high school. We would have more time to practice this type of strategy with students.

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Posting a daily schedule will take that question - "What are we doing next?"  This will help keep the students on task and also the teacher!  Provide visual supports such as posters with problem-solving steps, will help students and they can use it as a reminder.

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Helping Students Develop Executive Functioning Skills

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Helping Students Develop Executive Functioning Skills

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Marisa Fett

Reviewing essential skill/concept from previous lesson supports executive functioning skills.  Before jumping right into a new lesson spend a few minutes reviewing what was taught the day before. This supports those students who need a bit more time to get ready for the next subject

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Helping Students develop life long skills.

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Helping Students develop life long skills.

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Simply generating a list of the days tasks. While this may seem intimidating at first, it still will provide a road map to be followed. Instruct them to allow only a finite amount of time to work on a task. Set a timer and make a game of it. How much can I get done in 10 mins. This can heighten cortisol levels in the brain which is needed to maintain focus.

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Developing Executive Functioning With Priority Lists

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Developing Executive Functioning With Priority Lists

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I liked the idea of teachers, no matter what subject they teach, taking time out of the day to allow students to share out what assignments they currently have on their plates. Giving them the tools and guiding them in the prioritization of their tasks allowed them to better conceptualize how to complete assignments effectively in a timely manner.

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Students need to know what their goal(s) are and given multiple opportunities to work towards that goal. They also need a point person to discuss their progress with whether that be their GE teacher, a special ed staff member or other staff member in the building.

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The ABC strategy of prioritizing tasks helps to model and teach executive function skills. I liked identifying the most pressing task or the "frog" to work on first. Executive function skills develop over time so it is important for us as educators to start focusing on these skills early and reinforce often.

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Helping Students Develop Executive Function Skills

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Helping Students Develop Executive Function Skills

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The teacher behavior is also influential in supporting students who may have deficits in executive function. We should check in frequently with students who are known to have deficits and provide discrete support when needed. In addition, having a caring demeanor and using positive reinforcement with students with deficits can positively affect their school experience.

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I find executive function helps me as an educator.  If I am organized, I can help my students be organized.  I find value in creating check lists, having students repeat back my instructions, posting my learning activities, breaking down the big task into smaller tasks and checking back with students progress.

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Students need to know what their goal(s) are and given multiple opportunities to work towards that goal. They also need a point person to discuss their progress with whether that be their GE teacher, a special ed staff member or other staff member in the building.

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Displaying the steps or questions that students could ask themselves in the classroom is also helpful to promote independence with a skill. 

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Displaying the steps or questions that students could ask themselves in the classroom is also helpful to promote independence with a skill. 

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Time Management - we know the importance of schedule and routine for students. I think many students are struggling to create a schedule for themselves while learning at home. We've talked about writing out a physical schedule for themselves for Friday to utilize their time.

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Helping Students Develop Executive Functioning Skills

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Helping Students Develop Executive Functioning Skills

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The younger grades I teach, the more I see the lack of executive functioning skills.  They obviously haven't developed those skills yet.  My biggest takeaway was how to help those students by using metacognition language.  Being very clear on what you see is the problem, clarifying they will need to solve that problem, then asking them a question to get them thinking about how to solve the problem.  This puts the responsibility on them!

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Teaching students to list and prioritize tasks on a regular basis helps to reduce the overwhelming feeling of not having enough time to get it all done AND procrastinating. I am working on this with my 12 year old at home. I feel this is just as in important whether in a virtual or face-to-face environment.

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Edutopia - What are executive functioning skills.  

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Edutopia - What are executive functioning skills.  

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I really liked the line to remind students that "failure is part of the process".  Especially as a science teacher, I find students are so eager to quit when they don't succeed the first time.  Students need to be able to be ok with failure and to become independent thinkers and problem solvers.

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Helping Students Develop Executive Functioning Skills

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Helping Students Develop Executive Functioning Skills

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Kim Albrecht

It's important to understand that some students do not develop executive functioning skills to the same degree as their peers. I try to always keep this in mind in my own classroom and provide that extra support and tools for those that need it.

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Helping Students Develop Executive Functioning

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Helping Students Develop Executive Functioning

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I like the idea of using metacognitive language to help students follow directions. I believe in posting schedules online and in the classroom to assist with time management. I try to review our previous days learning to remind students of our goals and focus. Teacher check-ins are important for those students who need extra reminders. I use lots of color coding to teach students organization and to minimize clutter in their learning environment.