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First radio broadcasting begins in United States, Pittsburgh, PA.

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"Computer History for 1900 - 1940." Computer History for 1900 - 1940. N.p., n.d. Web. 20 Feb. 2017.

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In 1900, the first standardized structure for displaying posters was developed. (Before this, outdoor advertising had been limited to the placing of messages on buildings, fences and other existing structures.)

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The Great Depression began in the summer of 1929, possibly as early as June. The initial downturn was relatively mild but the contraction accelerated after the crash of the stock market at the end of October. Real total GNP fell 10.2 percent from 1929 to 1930 while real GNP per capita fell 11.5 percent from 1929 to 1930.

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Real GNP growth during the 1920s was relatively rapid, 4.2 percent a year from 1920 to 1929 according to the most widely used estimates. (Historical Statistics of the United States, or HSUS, 1976) Real GNP per capita grew 2.7 percent per year between 1920 and 1929. By both nineteenth and twentieth century standards these were relatively rapid rates of real economic growth and they would be considered rapid even today.

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The Federal Reserve System first tested its powers and the United States moved to a dominant position in international trade and global business.

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the 1920s are a period of vigorous, vital economic growth. It marks the first truly modern decade and dramatic economic developments are found in those years

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Advertisers identify the needs of their target audience and then demonstrate how the product or service they are advertising fulfills that need. This increases the demand for that product or service. For example, in the early spring advertisers for lawn products will write ads that show middle-class homeowners that they need a well-groomed and healthy green lawn that is free of weeds. Next, advertisers will show how a given lawn product will provide consumers with grass that will make their neighbors envious. The goal is to distinguish this lawn-care product from rival lawn-care products.

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Automakers create images to convey the message that these vehicles have enough space to accommodate the entire family and that the vehicles are ideal for trips to the countryside. Advertisements for soft drinks, on the other hand, tend to appeal to younger males; these ads often depict kids engaging in such activities as skateboarding and skiing.

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An advertising demographic is a specific segment or portion of the population determined by age, gender, and social class. One demographic, or target market, that advertisers have identified is urban professional males, ages 25–49; market research (data that charts consumer buying patterns) indicates that people in this group tend to buy similar products

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The study discovered an additional benefit to be derived from being consistent in advertising. Department stores: The most consistent advertisers obtained the same 10% annual increase in sales by using an 11% increase in advertising. The most inconsistent advertisers increased advertising by an average 17% and obtained the same 10% increase in sales.

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Analysis demonstrated a strong relationship between changes in sales and changes in advertising (correlation coefficient of about 0.9 for both groups of retailers). The regression coefficient for store and supermarket also significantly differed from 0. These regression coefficients indicated that on average, supermarket sales increase by $89 for each dollar increase in advertising expenditures. Department stores increased by $27 for each dollar in their advertising spending. So advertising is a good investment for both groups, but supermarkets would gain higher return. Investing more in advertising may a yield more rapid increase in profits for supermarkets than for department stores.

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According to the data, department stores obtained higher per firm sales than did major supermarkets. Department stores also spent more on advertising with average annual per company expenditure of $128M, compared to an average of $35M for the top supermarkets. The average department store spent 3 times more on advertising than supermarket.

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The growth in number of millionaires is shown in Tax Reports by the Treasury Department, who reported that there were 21 individuals with an annual income of over one million dollars in 1921, 75 in 1924, and 207 in 1926. There were an estimated fifteen thousand U.S. millionaires in 1927, and at least one billionaire (cumulative nett worth), nearly four thousand of these living in New York

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an appeal to logic or reason.
An advertisement using logos will give you the evidence and statistics you
need to fully understand what the product does. The logos of an
advertisement will be the "straight facts" about the product: One glass of
Florida orange juice contains 75% of your daily Vitamin C needs.

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an appeal to emotion.
An advertisement using pathos will attempt to evoke an emotional response in
the consumer. Sometimes, it is a positive emotion such as happiness: an
image of people enjoying themselves while drinking Pepsi. Other times,
advertisers will use negative emotions such as pain: a person having back
problems after buying the “wrong” mattress. Pathos can also include emotions
such as fear and guilt: images of a starving child persuade you to send money.

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an appeal to credibility or character.
An advertisement using ethos will try to convince you that the company is
more reliable, honest, and credible; therefore, you should buy its product.
Ethos often involves statistics from reliable experts, such as nine out of ten
dentists agree that Crest is the better than any other brand or Americas
dieters choose Lean Cuisine. Often, a celebrity endorses a product to lend it
more credibility: Catherine Zeta-Jones makes us want to switch to T-Mobile

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By the "Roaring '20s," the consumer economy that started around the turn of the century was flourishing, and a mass market was in the making. By 1925, nearly 40% of the U.S. workforce earned $2,000 or more a year, and the six-day workweek was reduced to five. People had free time and could take vacations. There was money to spend and advertisements, appearing in newspapers and magazines, described what to buy, why and where.

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Conducting market research to discover the behaviors of a target audience and branding a product or service so that it appeals to that target audience increase the demand for the product or service. The logic is straightforward.

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The third step in the process is to place the advertisement in a location where members of the target market are likely to see or hear it. For example, home improvement commercials often run during the breaks in televised sporting events because most people watching these programs are men who use home improvement products, such as power tools. Likewise, commercials for shampoo and cosmetics typically run during television shows that are known to have mostly female viewers.

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2.Creating: Creating a appealing message

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2.Creating: Creating a appealing message

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The second step in preparing an advertisement is to create a message that is likely to appeal to the target market. For instance, SUV (sport utility vehicle) advertisements tend to appeal to professional people who have families, enjoy outdoor activities, or both.

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The first step is to identify a target market, which is the group of consumers most likely to purchase the product or service. The word demographic is also used to mean a target market. .

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As far back as 3100 bc, Egyptians used ink on papyrus to create sales messages and political arguments. Ancient Greeks and Romans also used papyrus to promote sales.

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The term “advertising” refers to all the methods that organizations use to communicate a message to potential customers

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In oligopolistic industries, as price competition lessened, marketing techniques and advertising messages became increasingly important ways for companies to differentiate their products and to promote sales. General Motors, for instance, led the automobile companies in instituting annual model changes that were primarily cosmetic in nature (although Sloan insisted that the company improve and differentiate its products through research and technical innovation as well). Style became increasingly important in selling goods

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At the same time that the advertising industry was flourishing, a few business firms launched innovative programs in "commercial research," or what later generations called marketing

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The makers of Fleischmann's yeast, for instance, claimed that the product, in addition to leavening bread, cured "intestinal fatigue" when eaten directly. And one advertisement for Listerine, which promoted fears about a disease newly discovered by copywriters, "halitosis," suggested that "unpleasant breath" was the main "obstacle to pleasant business, professional, and social relations" and urged Americans to use the mouthwash as a way of climbing the social and economic ladder.

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The content of advertising messages shifted in the early twentieth century. Before 1910, advertisers mostly sought to inform customers about products; after 1910, the main goal was to create a desire to purchase products. By the 1920s, advertising executives recognized that theirs was a business to make consumers want products, and they deliberately sought to break down popular attitudes of self-denial and to foster the idea of instant gratification through consumption

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In 1919 advertising costs were 8 percent of total distribution costs in industry; by 1929, the share was 14 percent. In that latter year, advertising costs reached nearly $3 billion.

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1.Promotion of the Consumer Society and the change between 1919 and 1929

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1.Promotion of the Consumer Society and the change between 1919 and 1929

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The maturation of advertising in the 1920s and the creation of marketing departments and marketing strategies by major firms both promoted consumer values in American society and reflected the rise of the consumer society.

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by GV

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"The U.S. Economy in the 1920s." EHnet. N.p., n.d. Web. 23 Feb. 2017.

https://eh.net/encyclopedia/the-u-s-economy-in-the-1920s/

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#7 Does Your Advertising Increase Your Sales

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#7 Does Your Advertising Increase Your Sales

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"Does Your Advertising Increase Your Sales? Insights From the '80s." Black Ink | Enterprise Customer Analytics. N.p., 30 Sept. 2014. Web. 07 Feb. 2017.

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"Persuasive Advertising." Dictionary of Marketing Communications (n.d.): n. pag.Readwritethink. Web. 7 Feb. 2017.

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"Business and Economy." 1920's Business and Economy. N.p., n.d. Web. 06 Feb. 2017.

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Scott, Walter Dill, Ph.d. Google. Boston: Small Maynard, 1908. Web. 6 Feb. 2017.

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"History: 1920." Advertising Age. Encyclopedia, 15 Sept. 2003. Web. 6 Feb. 2017.

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"Advertising." Everyday Finance: Economics, Personal Money Management, and Entrepreneurship, vol. 2, Gale, 2008, pp. 595-598. Student Resources in Context, link.galegroup.com/apps/doc/CX2830600263/SUIC?u=nip22530&xid=5490e905. Accessed 6 Feb. 2017.

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The maturation of advertising in the 1920s and the creation of marketing departments and marketing strategies by major firms both promoted consumer values in American society and reflected the rise of the consumer society.

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1. Branding product and Heavy Advertising

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1. Branding product and Heavy Advertising

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In the 1920s and 1930s, pioneers in the marketing approach to management learned the importance of differentiating their products from those of their competitors, of having a range of products to offer consumers, and of advertising heavily to influence customers' behavior.

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#1. The Rise of Marketing and Advertising

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#1. The Rise of Marketing and Advertising

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Brucker, Carl. "The Rise of Marketing." The Rise of Marketing. Business Enterprise in American History, n.d. Web. 03 Feb. 2017.