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- Valence electron is an electron that is connected with an atom, and it can participate in the formation of a chemical bond.

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- Discovered the nucleus o the atom and proved Thomson's model wrong; created own model (small, dense, positive nuculeus in centre surrounded by electrons.) (Gold foil experiment, 1911)

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- (Potential of Hydrogen) this is a measure of acidity or alkalinity in water soluble substances, 1-14 (1=Acidic/ 14=Basic) 7 is the median of the scale.

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- This states that mass is neither created nor destroyed by chemical reactions or physical transformations. Antoine Lavoisier described this law.

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- A subatomic particle with a positive charge that is equal in magnitude to that of an electron.

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- The horizontal row in the Periodic table; this contains 7 periods.

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- The central part of an atom which contains the protons and neutrons.

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- A subatomic particle that has the same mass that of a proton but without a charge.

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- Discovered the electron and his model consisted of negative particles embedded in a sphere. (1897)

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- Dalton created a theory that describes the following: All matter is made up of small particles called atoms. They cannot be created, destroyed or divided. All atoms of the same element are the same in mass and size, different elements differ from each other. Compounds are created when different elements link together in definite proportions. (1805)

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- Two or more of the same same element that contain the same neutrons in their nuclei.

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- An element that forms more than one type of electrically charged particle.

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- A group of atoms that are interconnected with each other.

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- Relating to having molecules in the substance.

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- A chemical bond formed between two ions with opposite charges. Ionic bonds form when one atom gives up one or more electrons to another atom.

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- An atom or molecule with an electric charge due to the loss or gain of one or more electrons.

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- Also known as a family; this is a column of elements that consists of 18 groups.

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- A chemical reaction that releases energy by the means.

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- A reaction or process requiring the absorption of heat.

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- The fixed amount or stable state of energy flow.

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- A substance consisting of atoms which all have the same number of protons.

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- A subatomic particle with a negative charge; primary carrier of electricity in solids.

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- A mixture that consists two or more characteristic features or elements.

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- A chemical species that accepts any proton from any proton donor. Bases turn red litmus papers red. Ph more than 7.

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- The numbers of protons in the nucleus of an atom; Determines chemical properties of element and placement on Periodic Table.

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- Any compound that forms hydrogen ions when dissolved in water. Acids turn blue litmus parers red. Ph less than 7.