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Add your name, then select 'KS4-Shakespearean Context-KC2' from the drop down menu.

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Look at the paragraph and see if it reaches the success criteria, as follows: 

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* Clear, thoughtful point
* Use of quotations
* Analysis of quotations. Look for allusions, implications, word analysis etc.
* Use of ambitious vocab and punctuation

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Makbeth and Banquo riding in the woods. They meet three "weird sisters or feiries". 

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Holinshed's Chronicles (1577)- some believe this to be the inspiration for Macbeth 

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Holinshed's Chronicles (1577)- some believe this to be the inspiration for Macbeth 

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Also in the Chronicles, it describes them, "creatures of the elderwood ... nymphs or fairies" (Chronicles 268). When these otherworldly women speak, they utter prophecies before vanishing. They say, "All hayle Makbeth Thane of Glammis", "All hayle Makbeth, Thane of Cawder" and "All hayle Makbeth that hereafter shall be king of Scotland". It does seem as though Shakespeare used this as his storyline but he changed the three weird sisters into ugly, androgynous witches with beards, thus making them appear more sinister.

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(p  17) Daemonologie- written by King James VI and I 

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(p  17) Daemonologie- written by King James VI and I 

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In 1597, King James VI of Scotland published a compendium on witchcraft lore called Daemonologie. It was also published in England in 1603 when James acceded to the English throne.

The book asserts James’s full belief in magic and witchcraft, and aims to both prove the existence of such forces and to lay down what sort of trial and punishment these practices merit – in James’s view, death. Daemonologietakes the form of a dialogue (popular for didactic works) and is divided into three sections: the first on magic and necromancy (the prediction of the future by communicating with the dead), the second on witchcraft and sorcery and the third on spirits and spectres.

Many elements of the witchcraft scenes in Macbeth conform to James’s ideas and beliefs in witchcraft as expressed in Daemonologie, News from Scotlandand his anti-witchcraft legislation. This includes ideas such as the witches’ vanishing/invisible flight, their raising of storms, dancing and chanting, sexual acts, their gruesome potion ingredients and the presence of animal familiars.

Scholars are divided as to whether Shakespeare’s portrayal of witchcraft panders to the King’s interests, or whether it is a more subversive comment on his involvement with witch-hunting, or perhaps a mix of the two. It seems noteworthy that although the play Macbeth is contaminated with the witchcraft of the ‘Weyward Sisters’, and Macbeth himself is spurred on by their prophecies and the urging of his somewhat witchy wife, Shakespeare places the responsibility for Duncan’s murder on Macbeth himself and Macbeth’s downfall is a result of his tyranny as King. His greatest error in his dealings with the witches seems to be his credulity and naivety with their double-speaking prophecies.

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"Pilate Washing His Hands," Mattia Preti, 1663

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Pontius Pilate- washing his hands after he put Jesus to death

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Pontius Pilate- washing his hands after he put Jesus to death

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“When Pilate saw that he was getting nowhere, but that a riot was starting instead, he took some water, washed his hands in front of the crowd, and said, ‘I am innocent of this man’s blood’” (Matthew 27:24). After Macbeth kills King Duncan, Lady Macbeth tells him, "Go get some water and wash this filthy witness from your hand." Later on, Lady Macbeth sleepwalks and can't wash blood off her hands. Shakespeare is saying they are guilty of killing an innocent man.

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In the Bible, Jesus said to Judas, "That thou doest, do quickly."

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Judas Iscariot- the disciple who betrays Jesus 

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Judas Iscariot- the disciple who betrays Jesus 

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When Macbeth is plotting to kill King Duncan, Shakespeare makes an allusion to Judas with the words, "If it were done when tis done, then ’twere well It were done quickly.". Thus he is comparing Macbeth to Judas.

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In Act 1, Scene II, a captain tells King Duncan about Macbeth and Banquo's battle victory. The battle was so bloody and shocking,

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Golgotha- the place of the skulls- where Jesus was crucified 

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Golgotha- the place of the skulls- where Jesus was crucified 

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that the captain likens it to Golgotha, when he says, "Except they mean to bathe in reeking wounds, Or memorize another Golgotha, I cannot tell you".

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In the last scene, Macduff confronts Macbeth and says to him,  "Turn hell hound, turn."

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Cerberus- Greek hell hound who guards the Underworld 

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Cerberus- Greek hell hound who guards the Underworld 

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Macduff is saying that Macbeth stole the crown, guarded it with evil, but that now, it will be taken from him. Hell hound refers to Cerberus.

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Once Macbeth has killed King Duncan, he says, "Will all great Neptune’s ocean wash this blood clean from my hand?"

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He is asking whether he can be cleansed for the act of murder?

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Tarquin the Proud was a Roman ruler, also a rapist and murder of his cousin's wife! 

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Lucius Tarquinius Superbus (Tarquin the Proud) 

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Lucius Tarquinius Superbus (Tarquin the Proud) 

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As Macbeth monologues before he kills King Duncan, he likens himself to Tarquin, as he says, "With Tarquin’s ravishing strides, towards his design".

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Act II Scene I. Macbeth is getting ready to kill King Duncan. He says, "witchcraft celebrates Pale Hecate’s offerings."

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Hecate- Roman Goddess of witchcraft and magic 

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Hecate- Roman Goddess of witchcraft and magic 

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He believes the witches have made their offering to Hecate. Later on, Lady Macbeth is reassuring Macbeth that Banquo and his son Fleance can also be killed. Macbeth is encouraged and says,  "'ere to black Hecate’s summons.", which means he is planning to kill them when Hecate summons the night.

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Act I Scene II. Ross delivers news of Macbeth's victory in battle to King Duncan. He says. ";till that Bellona’s bridegroom"... when he describes Macbeth. 

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This connects Macbeth to the idea of being a hero and having war-like qualities.