# data[].attributes.body
repeated measures
what is it?
Repeated measures design refers to a research design that consists of multiple measurements of the same variable being taken on the same subjects over several time periods.
Strengths and limitations:
a strength is that it uses the same subjects to be involved with multiple experiments
a limitation is order effects since they subjects have done it multiple times

# data[].attributes.body
t ? 
experimental design refers to how many people from the sample are allocated to different groups within the an experiment. 

strengths + limitations 
extraneous variable
extraneous variable
An extraneous variable is a variable other than the independent variable that can affect the results of the experiment (DV). They are aimed to be removed from the experiment. 
matched participants
matched participants 
this involves categorising participants in pairs before testing them. the pairs are made with people who are as similar as possible. 
when the pair is split for testing, one person is in the experimental group and the other is in the control group. 
strength: there are no order effects and the method is better at controlling participant differences as opposed to independent groups
limitation: there could be other variables not accounted for/ not tested. 

Population.
Population.
Population is is a whole group of  participants form which a sample is drawn, Eg. Year 10 students at Braemar. 
random sampling
random sampling 
random sampling is an unbiased approach to gathering responses from a large group. This means that each individual in a population has an equal chance of being selected. However, random sampling can be time consuming and expensive. 
Sample
Sample
Sample is a specific number of participants drawn from the population e.g. 30 year 10 students at Braemar. 
convenience sampling
convenience sampling 
what is it?
convenience sampling is a type of non probability sampling that involves  the sample being drawn from that part of the population that is close to hand
advantages/strengths 
it is cheap, efficient, and convenient
useful intervention top correct dissatisfaction
saves time when gathering data
the research process is easier with convenience sampling 

weakness: 
convenience samples do not produce representative results. the results of convenience samples are hard to replicate. the bias of the sample can not be measured.   
easy to provide false data 
some researchers do not understand the specificity of convenience sampling 
repeated measures
what is it?
Repeated measures design refers to a research design that consists of multiple measurements of the same variable being taken on the same subjects over several time periods.
Strengths and limitations:
a strength is that it uses the same subjects to be involved with multiple experiments
a limitation is order effects since they subjects have done it multiple times

# data[].attributes.body
repeated measures
what is it?
Repeated measures design refers to a research design that consists of multiple measurements of the same variable being taken on the same subjects over several time periods.
Strengths and limitations:
a strength is that it uses the same subjects to be involved with multiple experiments
a limitation is order effects since they subjects have done it multiple times

# data[].attributes.body
 (DV). They are aimed to be removed from the experiment. 
matched participants
matched participants 
this involves categorising participants in pairs before testing them. the pairs are made with people who are as similar as possible. 
when the pair is split for testing, one person is in the experimental group and the other is in the control group. 
strength: there are no order effects and the method is better at controlling participant differences as opposed to independent groups
limitation: there could be other variables not accounted for/ not tested. 

Population.
Population.
Population is is a whole group of  participants form which a sample is drawn, Eg. Year 10 students at Braemar. 
random sampling
random sampling 
random sampling is an unbiased approach to gathering responses from a large group. This means that each individual in a population has an equal chance of being selected. However, random sampling can be time consuming and expensive. 
Sample
Sample
Sample is a specific number of participants drawn from the population e.g. 30 year 10 students at Braemar. 
convenience sampling
convenience sampling 
what is it?
convenience sampling is a type of non probability sampling that involves  the sample being drawn from that part of the population that is close to hand
advantages/strengths 
it is cheap, efficient, and convenient
useful intervention top correct dissatisfaction
saves time when gathering data
the research process is easier with convenience sampling 

weakness: 
convenience samples do not produce representative results. the results of convenience samples are hard to replicate. the bias of the sample can not be measured.   
easy to provide false data 
some researchers do not understand the specificity of convenience sampling 
repeated measures
what is it?
Repeated measures design refers to a research design that consists of multiple measurements of the same variable being taken on the same subjects over several time periods.
Strengths and limitations:
a strength is that it uses the same subjects to be involved with multiple experiments
a limitation is order effects since they subjects have done it multiple times

# data[].attributes.body
Quantitative data is anything that can be counted or measured and is numerical data.
Qualitative data is not numerical data and is descriptive and expressed in language.

# data[].attributes.headline
stratified sampling is a sampling method where the researcher identifies different types of people in a population and categorises them into homogeneous groups called strata, and a sample is selected from each. The advantages of this are that the results are able to be generalised because of the equal variety of people. The disadvantages of stratified sampling are that it taking more effort to carry out, as it is time consuming to find participants, organise them into groups and can cost a lot. This method is more complex than the other sampling methods, such as random sampling or convenient sampling. 

# data[].attributes.subject
stratified sampling is a sampling method where the researcher identifies different types of people in a population and categorises them into homogeneous groups called strata, and a sample is selected from each. The advantages of this are that the results are able to be generalised because of the equal variety of people. The disadvantages of stratified sampling are that it taking more effort to carry out, as it is time consuming to find participants, organise them into groups and can cost a lot. This method is more complex than the other sampling methods, such as random sampling or convenient sampling. 

# data[].attributes.body
A confounding variable is a variable that has already had an effect on the experiment, and may affect the results.

# data[].attributes.body
what is it?
Repeated measures design refers to a research design that consists of multiple measurements of the same variable being taken on the same subjects over several time periods.
Strengths and limitations:
a strength is that it uses the same subjects to be involved with multiple experiments
a limitation is order effects since they subjects have done it multiple times

# data[].attributes.body
what is it ?
experimental design refers to how many people from the sample are allocated to different groups within the an experiment.

strengths + limitations

# data[].attributes.body
An extraneous variable is a variable other than the independent variable that can affect the results of the experiment (DV). They are aimed to be removed from the experiment.

# data[].attributes.body
this involves categorising participants in pairs before testing them. the pairs are made with people who are as similar as possible.
when the pair is split for testing, one person is in the experimental group and the other is in the control group.
strength: there are no order effects and the method is better at controlling participant differences as opposed to independent groups
limitation: there could be other variables not accounted for/ not tested.

# data[].attributes.body
repeated measures
what is it?
Repeated measures design refers to a research design that consists of multiple measurements of the same variable being taken on the same subjects over several time periods.
Strengths and limitations:
a strength is that it uses the same subjects to be involved with multiple experiments
a limitation is order effects since they subjects have done it multiple times

# data[].attributes.body
Population is is a whole group of participants form which a sample is drawn, Eg. Year 10 students at Braemar.

# data[].attributes.body
random sampling is an unbiased approach to gathering responses from a large group. This means that each individual in a population has an equal chance of being selected. However, random sampling can be time consuming and expensive.

# data[].attributes.body
Sample is a specific number of participants drawn from the population e.g. 30 year 10 students at Braemar.

# data[].attributes.body
what is it?
convenience sampling is a type of non probability sampling that involves  the sample being drawn from that part of the population that is close to hand
advantages/strengths
it is cheap, efficient, and convenient
useful intervention top correct dissatisfaction
saves time when gathering data
the research process is easier with convenience sampling

weakness:
convenience samples do not produce representative results. the results of convenience samples are hard to replicate. the bias of the sample can not be measured.
easy to provide false data
some researchers do not understand the specificity of convenience sampling

# data[].attributes.body
The independent variable (IV): the variable deliberately manipulated or varied in some way by the experimenter.

The dependent variable (DV): is the variable being tested and measured in an experiment and is dependent on the IV.

# data[].attributes.body
Needs to start with "it was hypothesised..."

Needs to include independent and dependant variables

Needs to predict the direction of results (e.g. increase, decrease)

Needs to outline the population

A research hypothesis is a more generalised prediction (e.g. It was hypothesised that taller people will have bigger shoe sizes)

Operational hypothesis means that the variable is stated in terms that show how it is measured (e.g. studying for one hour a day for seven days will improve your test score by 40%).