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Using Descriptive Language - Common Core Standards ELA - Descriptive Language - Flocabulary

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Learn how to use descriptive language with Flocabulary’s educational rap song and lesson plan. Students will learn to include sensory details in their writing.

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How We Conquered The Deadly Smallpox Virus - Simona Zompi

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Read the article below about Smallpox from Kids Health.  Answer in complete sentences and base your answers on information from the article.
1.  1. What is the author’s purpose for writing this article?

2. What are three facts related to small pox.

3.  Does it continue to affect people today?
4.  What should people do if they suspect that they have smallpox now?

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What Is Smallpox?

Smallpox is a very serious illness caused by a virus called the variola (say: vair-ee-OH-luh) virus. Smallpox gets its name from the pus-filled blisters (or pocks) that form during the illness. Although the names may sound alike, smallpox is not related to chickenpox, which is a milder disease caused by a different virus.

You may have heard about smallpox and wondered what it is or whether you or anyone you know could get it. Some people are worried that the germ that causes smallpox could be spread and used as a weapon. This would be difficult for anyone to do. Right now, there are no cases of smallpox disease in the United States. In fact, the last case of smallpox in the United States was in 1949, and the last case in the world was in 1977.

How Is Smallpox Spread?

Smallpox is contagious. That means the virus can spread to others. It spreads through tiny drops of an infected person's saliva ( spit) when the person coughs, talks, or sneezes. Smallpox usually passes from person to person during close, face-to-face contact.

What Is the Smallpox Vaccine?

A vaccine (say: vak-SEEN), a type of shot, can prevent infection with the virus that causes smallpox. Years ago, people were vaccinated against smallpox. Today, smallpox vaccines aren't given because nobody has had the disease for many years. Although you can't - and don't need to - get a smallpox vaccine right now, there is a supply of the vaccine in case there's an outbreak of the disease. Scientists also are working to make more vaccine to have on hand for the future.

What Are the Signs of a Smallpox Outbreak?

If someone does get smallpox, a doctor can recognize the disease because it causes a special kind of rash. The rash shows up as blisters on the skin that fill with fluid and crust over. This might sound like chickenpox, but the blisters look different from the blisters that chickenpox causes. The other symptoms of smallpox are like those of many other less serious illnesses: fever, headache, backache, and feeling tired.

How Is Smallpox Treated?

There are no pills that can treat smallpox, but scientists are doing research to try to develop medicine for the disease. If someone does become infected with the smallpox virus, getting the vaccine within a few days of becoming infected can lessen the disease's symptoms.

If you feel scared when you hear about smallpox, remember that it's very unlikely that you, your family, or anyone you know will ever come in contact with the virus that causes it. Talking to your teacher or parent may make you feel better and give you answers to any other questions you may have.

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Smallpox is a very serious illness caused by a virus called the variola (say: vair-ee-OH-luh) virus. Smallpox gets its name from the pus-filled blisters (or pocks) that form during the illness. Although the names may sound alike, smallpox is not related to chickenpox, which is a milder disease caused by a different virus.

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Smallpox Video
Watch the video below and list five facts about smallpox.

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Join researchers as they probe the mysteries of history. Why, when Europeans came to America, did their diseases devastate native populations-but not the other way around?

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Symbolism

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Fill your heart with all of the things that make you you! Write or draw things that represent yourself and or your family. List things that are in your heart!

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What is Hyperbole? | Educational Rap for Language Arts Students

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"Similes and Metaphors" by The Bazillions

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The Importance of Setting in a Story | Educational Rap for Language Arts Class

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Figurative Language, Figurative Language Flashcards | Quizlet

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One meaning of the word "figure" is "image" or "picture." Figurative language creates pictures in the mind of the reader. These figures help convey meaning and understanding faster and more vividly than words alone. We use "figures of speech" in figurative language to color and interest, and to awak...

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Freerice.com | Not Your Average Online Trivia Game

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Play online, learn online and feed the hungry | Freerice.com

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For every correct answer you choose, 10 grains of rice are raised to help end world hunger through the World Food Programme.

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https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/28727544/regina-leininger

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After video, or while watching, answer guided questions!

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After video, or while watching, answer guided questions!

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Read article and answer guided questions!

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Shawnee Native American Indian

This article contains interesting facts, pictures and information about the life of the Shawnee Native American Indian Tribe of the Great Plains.

The Shawnee Tribe
Summary and Definition: The Shawnee tribe were a nomadic tribe of hunters and farmers who migrated across many areas in the Northeast and Southeast. Many of the Shawnee adopted European style clothes and favored cloth turbans or bandana style head wear. The names of the most famous chiefs of the Shawnee tribe included Chief Cornstalk, Tecumseh (1768 - 1813) and Chief Blue Jacket (c1743 - c1810).

Native American Indian Tribes

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Facts about the Shawnee Native Indian Tribe
This article contains fast, fun facts and interesting information about the Shawnee Native American Indian tribe. Find answers to questions like where did the Shawnee tribe live, what clothes did they wear, what did they eat and who were the names of their most famous leaders? Discover what happened to the Shawnee tribe with facts about their wars and history.

Map showing the Tennessee homelands
of the Shawnee Tribe

Where did the Shawnee tribe live?
The Shawnee tribe originated in the Tennessee region around the Cumberland River but they migrated to many other parts of America. The Shawnee Home Tribal Territories were Tennessee, South Carolina, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Kansas, Oklahoma and Texas.

The Shawnee tribe adopted the lifestyles that were best suited to the climate, geography and natural resources of the different regions that they lived in. Due to the semi-nomadic life of the Shawnee they came into contact with the tribes of various Native Indian cultures. The Shawnee tribal groups included the Northeast and Southeast Native Indian and even the Plains cultures. Following the American Civil War, many Shawnee in Kansas were blended into the Cherokee Nation and were known as Cherokee Shawnee.

What did the Shawnee tribe live in?
Many of the nomadic Shawnee tribe lived in Wigwams, aka wetus or wikkums, which are also known as birchbark houses. This type of temporary shelter was used by Algonquian speaking Native Indian tribes who lived in the woodland regions.

Shawnee tribe - Wigwams
Wigwams, or wetus, are small cone-shaped houses with an arched roof made of wooden frames that are covered with woven mats and sheets of birchbark which are held in place by ropes or strips of wood. Some Shawnee wigwams were covered with buffalo hides if this was a major resource in the area Wigwams were usually about 8-10 feet tall and 10 - 15 feet wide at the base.

What language did the Shawnee tribe speak?
The Shawnee tribe spoke in the Algonquian language.

What food did the Shawnee tribe eat?
The food that the Shawnee tribe ate depended on the resources that were available to them in the area they lived in

The food of the Shawnee people who inhabited the Great Plains region was predominantly buffalo but also they also hunted deer, bear and wild turkey. Their diet was supplemented with roots and wild fruit and vegetables

The food of the Shawnee Woodland people were fish and small game including squirrel, deer, raccoon, bear and beaver. Corn (maize), pumpkin, squash and beans were also available

The food of the people who inhabited the Southeast included meat from animals such as rabbits, wild hogs, turkeys, eagles, opossums, raccoons and deer. Many farmed crops of corn (maize), beans, dried fruit, pumpkins and nuts

What weapons did the Shawnee use?
The weapons used by the Shawnee tribe included bows and arrows, a variety of different clubs, hatchet axes, spears, lances and knives. The rifle was added to their weapons with the advent of the white settlers.

What clothes did the Shawnee tribe wear?
The clothes worn by the Shawnee tribe were dictated by the climate. In warm climates they wore breechcloths in the summer and in cold climates they wore fringed tunics or shirts and leggings. Warm robes or cloaks were also worn to protect against the cold and the rain. The Shawnee tribe also adopted the types of clothes worn by the white settlers and that were available through trade. Shawnee men wore cloth shirts made of cotton or calico, and European style trousers or pants. Their jackets were often in the style of frock coats. Cloth turbans or a type of bandana were a popular form of headwear. Their turbans were made of a woolen shawl, sometimes covered with a piece of calico or even silk. The turbans were occasionally encircled by a band of metal (tin or siver) and adorned by feathers.

Who were the most famous leaders and chiefs of the Shawnee tribe?
The most famous leaders and chiefs of the Shawnee tribe included Chief Cornstalk, Tecumseh (1768 - 1813) and Chief Chief Blue Jacket (c1743 - c1810).

Shawnee History Timeline: What happened to the Shawnee tribe?
The history of the Shawnee people dates back to the ancient Adena culture. The following history timeline details facts, dates and famous landmarks and battles fought by the Nation. The Shawnee timeline explains what happened to the people of their tribe.
Shawnee History Timeline

1000: Woodland Period including the Adena and Hopewell cultures established along rivers in the Northeastern and Midwestern United States which included trade exchange systems

1677: French trader Claude-Charles Le Roy Bacqueville de la Potherie made the first white contact and established good relations with the tribe

1670's: The Shawnee trade extensively with the French

1689: The French and Indian Wars (1689-1763) erupted between France and Great Britain and their respective Indian allies. The Shawnee tribe, led by Chief Cornstalk, sided with the French

1763: Shawnees joined the Ottawa and other tribes in Pontiac's Rebellion against the British

1778: Daniel Boone was captured by the tribe and warned to leave "Kentucky", he managed to escape

1774: The tribe were defeated in Lord Dunmore's War along the Ohio River

1774: The Americans defeated the Shawnee in the Battle of Point Pleasant (October 6, 1774) and Chief Beanstalk was killed. Blue Jacket emerged as a strong Shawnee leader

1775: The American Revolutionary War (1775 - 1783). The Shawnees fought with the British against the American forces

1783: The 1783 Treaty of Paris ended the American Revolutionary War the British abandoned their native allies and ceded the land between the Appalachian Mountains and the Mississippi River to the United States (the Northwest Territory)

1782: The Shawnee joined by the Western Confederacy of tribes including the Delaware, Wyandot, Miami, Ottawa, Chippewa, and Mingo. Their objective was to keep the Ohio River as a boundary between Indian lands and the United States and to remove settlers from Kentucky and Ohio

1785: The Northwest Indian War (1785-1795) aka as Little Turtle's war erupted

1790: "Harmar's defeat" - General Josiah Harmar was defeated in his attempts to subdue Native Indians in the Northwest Territory

1791: Battle of the Wabash on November 4, 1791. American Indians were led by Little Turtle and Blue Jacket won a major Native Indian victory against Americans led by General Arthur St. Clair.

1794: Battle of Fallen Timbers on August 20, 1794. Major General Anthony Wayne defeated Blue Jacket and the Native Indians

1795: The Treaty of Greenville was signed on August 3, 1795 following the Battle of Fallen Timbers in which the Native Indians were forced to cede much of present-day Ohio to the United States

1795: The Treaty of Greenville was made on August 3, 1795 that ended the Northwest Indian War

1805: The Treaty of Fort Industry was signed on July 4, 1805 in which Blue Jacket and Tecumseh relinquished even more of Ohio

1810: The Death of Blue Jacket. Chief Tecumseh continued the Shawnee fight during Tecumseh's War in a final attempt to reclaim Shawnee lands in the Ohio Country.

1811: Tecumseh's War (1811-1813): The Battle of Tippecanoe (1811), the Battle of Fallen Timbers, the War of 1812 and the Battle of the Thames in which Tecumseh was killed

1815: Shawnee are moved into Arkansas and in 1820 moved to Texas

1830: The Indian Removal Act was passed calling for the relocation of all tribes to "Indian Territory" west of the Mississippi River.

1831: August 8, Treaty at Wapaghkonnetta and Hog creek in Ohio. Land ceded and removed to land west of Missouri

1832: The Treaty of 1832 called for the removal of all Shawnee to the west

1832: Wapakoneta Shawnee leave Ohio and removed west of the Missouri River, into Kansas

1833: Hog Creek Shawnee removed to Kansas

1861-65: supported the Union during the Civil War
1867: Shawnee located on three reservations in Indian Territory. The Absentee Shawnee from Texas settled with the Potawatomi, the Kansas Shawnee moved to the Cherokee reservation. Other tribe members settled in Ottawa County, Oklahoma

the The Story of Shawnee
For additional facts and information refer to the legend and the Story of Tecumseh and Wars with the Western Indians.

Shawnee

Interesting Facts and information about the way the people lived

The clothes worn by men and women

Description of the homes and the type of food the Shawnee would eat

Fast Facts and info about the Shawnee

Names of famous chiefs and leaders

Interesting Homework resource for kids on the history of the Shawnee Native American Indians

Pictures and Videos of Native American Indians and their Tribes
The Shawnee Tribe was one of the most famous tribes of the Great Plains Native American Indians. Discover the vast selection of pictures on the subject of the tribes of Famous Native Americans such as the Shawnee nation. The pictures show the clothing, war paint, weapons and decorations of various Native Indian tribes, such as the Shawnee tribe, that can be used as a really useful educational resource for kids and children of all ages. We hope you enjoy watching the video - just click and play - a great social studies homework resource for kids .

Shawnee Tribe - Kids - Cool, Fun Facts - Clothes - Clothing - Dresses - Headdresses - Homes - Lifestyle - Lives - Religion - Beliefs - Weapons - Legends - Food - Location - History - Legends - Kids - Info - Information - Famous - Kids - Children - Warriors - Chiefs - Teaching resource - Social Studies - Lifestyle - Culture - Teachers - Facts - Blackfoot - Kids - Interesting Facts - Info - Information - Pictures - Reference - Guide - Studies - Homework - Shawnee Tribe Facts

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Shawnee Native American Indian This article contains interesting facts, pictures and information about the life of the Shawnee Native American Indian Tribe of the Great Plains. The Shawnee Tribe Summary and Definition: The Shawnee tribe were a nomadic tribe of hunters and farmers who migrated across many areas in the Northeast and Southeast.

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4.Respond to the painting below. Read the picture!

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4.Respond to the painting below. Read the picture!

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5. Vocabulary: spend some time practicing academic vocabulary!  

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5. Vocabulary: spend some time practicing academic vocabulary!  

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Join with school email!
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Join the class : Seventh Grade English : Vocabulary.com

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Vocabulary.com - learn new words, play games that improve your vocabulary, and find easy-to-understand definitions in our super-fast dictionary.

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Abducted by Indians in Pennsylvania

Frances Slocum, or Maconaquah, (1773-1847) was an Indian captive who was taken from her family home in Pennsylvania in 1778 by the Delaware Tribe. She was raised by an elderly Miami Indian couple in what is now Ohio and Indiana. Slocum was reunited with her white relatives in 1838, but remained with her adopted Native American family for the rest of her life.

Image: The austere woman portrayed in this painting by artist John Froehlich is much less Frances Slocum and far more Maconaquah.

Childhood and Early Years
Frances Slocum was one of ten children born to Jonathan and Ruth Tripp Slocum, a Quaker family who emigrated from Rhode Island to the Wyoming Valley of Pennsylvania in 1777. During the Revolutionary War, the Slocums remained in the settlement while many others fled before the Battle of Wyoming in July 1778. During that battle British forces and Seneca warriors destroyed a nearby fort and killed over 300 American settlers.

The Slocums believed that their Quaker pacifist beliefs and friendly relations with the local natives would protect them. However, on November 2, 1778, Frances Slocum was taken captive at the family farm near Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania. The first night after her abduction was spent in a crude shelter under a rock ledge along Abraham Creek, where Frances tried to escape, but was soon recaptured.

For many years the Slocum family searched far and wide for Frances. Before her death Ruth Slocum begged her sons to never stop looking for their lost sister. The brothers made many long and dangerous journeys and spent thousands of dollars, but the time went by and they could not find her.

Frances Slocum was traded for animal pelts to a childless Miami couple, who named her Maconaquah, or Young Bear. She adapted very well to the Indian way of life, and was much loved by her new parents. In 1779 the Continental Army burned their crops and drove Maconaquah and her Indian family from their land. They moved west and settled in Kekionga, present day Fort Wayne, Indiana.

As Maconaquah grew older she became a celebrity of sorts within her Indian community. She was known not only for her light skin and flaming red hair, but also for excelling at the foot races and games on horseback played by the Indian braves. According to the people in her community, Maconaquah grew to be a very beautiful young woman.

In 1790 she married a young Delaware man named Tuck Horse and moved into a wigwam with Tuck Horse and his family. It was cramped, crowded, and allowed no privacy for the young couple to get acquainted. She was very disappointed when it became apparent that Tuck Horse had no plans to leave his family or build his own home.

Before long, with her mother-in-law in agreement, Maconaquah began gathering materials to build their own home and wove together the reeds for it. Other problems began to arise in the marriage. Tuck Horse left her alone while he went on long hunting trips, and spent all their earnings on whiskey and frivolous trinkets instead of necessities. When his drinking led to domestic violence, Maconaquah returned to live with her adoptive parents.

Marriage and Family
While walking through the woods one day Maconaquah found a man who had been injured in battle, whom she learned was a Miami brave named Shepoconah. She took the man to her parents' home and nursed him back to health. He began helping to run the household as he regained his strength. Before Maconaquah's father died, he thanked Shepoconah for his help and gave Maconaquah to him for his wife.

Shepoconah, Maconaquah and her mother then moved to live with his people along the banks of the Mississinewa River near Peru, Indiana, where they were very happy together. Shepoconah later became Chief of the Miami Indians in the area. Maconaquah gave birth four children, two sons who died at a young age and two daughters who survived to adulthood.

Shepoconah was a large, heavy set man and a great warrior, with headquarters at the Osage village near the mouth of the Mississinewa River. After Shepoconah lost his hearing he gave up his duties as Chief. He moved farther up the river and built a large log house and established a trading post nine miles above Peru, Indiana. There a settlement grew up that became known as Deaf Man's Village.

These wealthy Indians had a standard of living that far excelled that of the early white man in the area. Deaf Man's Village became a social center for whites and Indians. Shepoconah died in 1833 and was buried on a knoll a few hundred yards from his dwelling. By 1835 the Miami and Potawatomi Indians in the area had sold most of their property to the whites.

In 1835 Colonel George Ewing, an Indian trader who did business with the Miami and spoke their language fluently, stayed the night at a log cabin in Deaf Man's Village. There he spoke with an elderly Miami woman who was now a widow, living with her extended family in a double log cabin. Living with her were her two daughters, a son-in-law named Jean Baptiste Brouillette and her three grandchildren. This was Maconaquah.

Although Deaf Man's Village attracted a mix of European and Native culture because of the lucrative fur trade, Maconaquah was thoroughly a member of the Miami tribe, still practicing traditions and ceremonies that had not changed much from the century before. Ewing was intrigued by her uncharacteristically light skin, and asked about her background.

Fifty-seven years after her abduction, Maconaquah revealed to George Ewing that she was white by birth. On January 20, 1835, Ewing recounted Maconaquah's story in a letter to the postmaster of Lancaster, Pennsylvania, Mary Dickson, who was also the publisher of the local newspaper Lancaster Intelligencer. It was not until two years later that the paper's new owner John W. Forney found the letter.

In August 1837, Forney published Ewing's letter in the Lancaster Intelligencer, asking if anyone had a relative taken by the Indians during the Revolutionary War:

There is now living in this place among the Miami Tribe of Indians, an aged white woman, who, a few days ago told me that she was taken away from her father's house on or near the Susquehanna River when she was very young. She says her father's name was Slocum, that he was a Quaker and wore a large-brimmed hat.

The Reunion
After learning about the woman who might be his long lost sister, Isaac Slocum came to Peru, Indiana in May 1838 and visited Maconaquah's home at Deaf Man's Village. To Isaac she looked like a perfect Indian, but he had a foolproof test of her identity. Before Frances had been abducted her brother Ebenezer had crushed the forefinger of her left hand with a hammer. When Isaac looked at the old woman's left hand, he saw a scar. When asked what caused the injury she responded, "My brother struck it with a hammer a long time ago."

The two talked for hours through an interpreter - Maconaquah did not speak English. When his brother and sister, Joseph Slocum and Mary Town, arrived, the three visited Maconaquah again. She treated them with kindness, but was always quiet and unmoved - Native Americans are known for their stoic nature. Some months later they visited her again, bringing some of their children to meet Frances and her descendants.

Later Years
During the ensuing years, Maconaquah became reacquainted with her white family and grew attached to them. They urged her to return to Pennsylvania with them, but she replied:

I do not wish to live any better, or anywhere else, and I think the Great Spirit has permitted me to live so long because I have always lived with the Indians. I should have died sooner if I had left them. On his dying bed my husband charged me not to leave the Indians. I have a house and large lands, two daughters, a son-in-law, three grand children, and everything to make me comfortable; why should I go, and be like a fish out of water?"

After the news spread that the Lost Sister of Wyoming had been found, the story of Frances Slocum became well known. The Slocum family hired European artist George Winter to paint a portrait of Frances. Winter wrote descriptions of the Miami Indians, Dead Man's Village, and Maconaquah and her family in his journals. This is Winter's description of Maconaquah as she posed for the protrait he painted of her in 1839:

Frances Slocum's face bore the marks of deep-seated lines. The muscles of her cheeks were like corded rises, and her forehead ran in almost right angular lines. There was indication of no unwanted cares upon her countenance beyond time's influence which peculiarly marks the decline of life.

She bore the impress of old age, without its extreme feebleness. Her hair which was evidently of dark brown color was now frosted. Though bearing some resemblance to her family, yet her cheek bones seemed to bear the Indian characteristic in that particular - face broad, nose somewhat bulby, mouth perhaps indicating some degree of severity. In her ears she wore some few 'ear bobs.'

An 1840 treaty between the Miami and the United States government stated that the Indians had to leave their homeland within five years. By 1845 they were being threatened with forced removal to Kansas. With the help of her brothers, Maconaquah appealed to the U.S. Congress, asking to be exempted from the treaty.

In 1845 a bill was introduced in Congress which provided that the one mile square (640 acres) of land then occupied by the Miami Indians and including the house and improvements of Frances Slocum, should be granted to her and her heirs forever. After John Quincy Adams eloquently defended her case in Congress, the bill became law and Maconaquah and twenty-one of her Miami relatives were allowed to remain in Indiana.

Maconaquah Frances Slocum died at her Indian home on March 9, 1847 at age 74, and was buried next to her husband and two small sons in the cemetery next to her cabin.

An oral tradition by Chief Clarence Godfroy, the great-great-grandson of Maconaquah, was later written down, which told a story of a woman who was revered by the Miami community, especially after her husband died. Members of the community often went to her for council. She also enjoyed breaking ponies and playing games alongside the men. While this behavior would have been shocking in an American pioneer setting, it was not uncommon for women to have these roles within the Miami tribe.

On May 6, 1900 her descendants, both white and Indian, raised a monument at her gravesite that still stands today in Indiana's Mississinewa Lake region, near the Frances Slocum State Recreational Area and Lost Sister Trail. The zinc marker on her monument is a tribute to her life as both Maconaquah and Frances Slocum, as well as to her husband, who is commemorated on one side.

SOURCES
Frances Slocum
Wikipedia: Frances Slocum
WikiMarion: Frances Slocum - A Legend

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Frances Slocum | History of American Women

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Frances Slocum, or Maconaquah, (1773-1847) was an Indian captive who was taken from her family home in Pennsylvania in 1778 by the Delaware Tribe. She was raised by an elderly Miami Indian couple in what is now Ohio and Indiana.