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He was a greek mathematician and astronomer that thought of the heliocentric model he also tried to measure the relative distance between the moon and the sun but he was way off . his heliocentric model was not accepted at the time.

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He was a greek philosopher and he thought the earth was the center of everything which is called a geocentric model.      If the earth went around the sun then you would see parallax but the problem is that the other stars are so far apart that you can not see parallax

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Astronomer mathematician and a geographer that lived in egypt and he wrote a book about Observing planets 800 years ago. He also made a very good geocentric model. He also came up with the idea that planets travle in a perfect circle
geocentric model lasted for 14 centuries

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He was a polish astronomer and made the first detailed heliocentric model. He made it based on observations with his eyes . Copernicus agree with Ptolemy in how the planets travel in a perfect circle

heliocentric model do we use today

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German mathematician and astronomer that made 3 different laws,

replaced circles with ellipses in a heliocentric model of the universe

Law one that planetary orbits are ellipses with the sun at one focus.

2nd law planets move faster in orbit when closer to the sun .

3erd law relates the distance of a planet from the sun to the time it takes to go once around its orbit

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He was a scientist that approached questions scientific method. He also designed a telescope that helped him see celestial objects. He saw how bodys also orbited the sun witch helped prove the heliocentric model.

Who first observed the phases of Venus and 4 moons of Jupiter

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the more  mass  a object has the more gravity pulls on the object this is his law of gravity

the more distance the less gravity gravity

the farther something is away the less gravity affects it