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Summary: Before the 1936 election, the Supreme Court had overturned one of Roosevelt's key laws first of hundred days. The case of Schechter Poultry v. United States, the Supreme Court ruled that since the president had no power to regulate interstate commerce, the National Industrial Recovery Act was unconstitutional.
Possible Test Question: Describe the National Industrial Recovery Act and explain how it was unconstitutional.

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Summary: A key part of the Agricultural Adjustment Act unconstitutional. The court was charged Roosevelt because it had taken the nation back to "horse and buggy" days. Roosevelt expected them to take down other New Deal measures.
Possible Test Correction: Predict, what it would be like now if Roosevelt never took down the other New Deal measures.

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Summary: The FDR unveiled a plan. The plan would dilute the power of the sitting Justices of the Supreme Court. They called for adding up to six new Justices. Roosevelt's new appointees would likely be the New Deal supporters.Some critics urged Americans to speak out.
Possible Test Question: Explain, for what reason or evidence why Roosevelt was accused.

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Summary: Because of Roosevelt's popularity, he might've convinced Congress to enact his plan. On March 29, 1937, the court ruled 5 to 4. The Supreme Court upheld the constitutionality of the Wagner Act.Justice Owen J.Roberts provided the deciding votes.
Possible Test Question: Explain the process how Roberts voted against the New Deal programs.

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Shortly after this switch, Judge Willis Van Devanter...

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Shortly after this switch, Judge Willis Van Devanter...

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Summary: After his switch, Judge Willis Van Devanter resigned from the court. Him resigning enabled the FDR to nominate a friendlier Justice to the New Deal. With more retirements, Roosevelt nominated more new Justices. Including Felix Frankfurter, one of his top advisers.
Possible Test Question: Predict the reason why Judge Willis resigned from the Court.

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Indeed, 1937 marked a turning point in the history...

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Indeed, 1937 marked a turning point in the history...

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Summary: The court willingly accepted larger roles for the Federal Government. However, the court packing incident weakened the FDR politically. Before, the FDR's popularity prevented Critics from challenging FDR.
Possible Test Question: Identify how Roosevelt lost momentum.