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Image gratuite sur Pixabay - Anatomie, La Biologie, Cerveau

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Téléchargez des images gratuites de Anatomie, La Biologie, Cerveau de la photothèque de Pixabay qui contient plus de 1 300 000 photos, illustrations et images vectorisées libres de droit - 1751201

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La NASA a indiqué que son robot Curiosity, le rover présent sur mars depuis août 2012, est désormais capable grâce à un logiciel d'intelligence artificielle de choisir quand déclencher, dans certaines périodes, ses clichés et analyses.

Le rover Curiosity s'est posé sur le sol de Mars en août 2012 et continue aujourd'hui ses recherches de trace de vie, prise de clichés et analyses de matière. (crédit : NASA)

Le rover Curiosity envoyé par la NASA sur Mars - et qui s'est posé avec succès sur le sol de la planète rouge en août 2012 - est désormais capable de décider les cibles qu'il souhaite prendre en photo ou bien analyser avec son laser. Et ce sans aucune intervention humaine. L'agence spatiale américaine a ainsi annoncé la semaine dernière que son engin robotique utilise un logiciel d'intelligence artificielle, développé par son équipe de Jet Propulsion Laboratory, afin de choisir lui-même " fréquemment " des multiples cibles par semaine.

La plupart des cibles sont toujours choisies par les scientifiques de la NASA concernant les pierres spécifiques sur des zones découvertes via des images transmises par Curiosity sur Terre. Mais le fait que le rover puisse maintenant prendre certaines décisions pour savoir sur quoi se concentrer ajoute une possibilité nouvelle et importante à cette mission. " Cette autonomie est particulièrement importante lorsqu'un retour de l'équipe scientifique est difficile ou impossible par exemple quand le partage d'informations est perturbé entre les planètes ", a indiquéTara Estlin, ingénieur en robotique de la NASA .

Un logiciel d'IA plus poussé que celui d'Opportunity

Cette capacité d'intelligence artificielle a été apportée via une mise à jour logicielle téléchargée depuis la Terre vers Curiosity et permet au robot de choisir quelles pierres et zones présentent un intérêt scientifique. Le rover est alors en mesure d'utiliser son appareil photo télescopique et son laser pour investiguer. Cet équipement fait partie de l'instrumentation ChemCam du robot qui s'est servi plus de 350 000 fois de son laser en 10 000 points pour s'intéresser à plus de 1 400 cibles afin d'identifier la composition chimique des cibles.

Le logiciel AEGIS (autonomous exploration for gathering increased science) de Curiosity a été utilisé par son prédécesseur, Opportunity, qui a exploré Mars à partir de 2004. Ce dernier disposait aussi d'un logiciel d'intelligence artificielle mais essentiellement pour aider à l'analyse d'image et des pierres les plus intéressantes à étudier. Le rover Curiosity a connu en début de mois un problème logiciel qui l'a placé quelques dizaines d'heures en mode sécurisé (safe mode) avant un retour à un fonctionnement normal.

Sharon Gaudin / IDG News Service (adapté par Dominique Filippone)

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Sharon Gaudin / IDG News Service (adapté par Dominique Filippone)

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L'IA aide le rover Curiosity à trouver les bonnes cibles sur Mars - Le Monde Informatique

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La NASA a indiqué que son robot Curiosity, le rover présent sur mars depuis août 2012, est désormais capable grâce à un logiciel d'intelligence artificielle de choisir quand déclencher, dans certaines périodes, ses clichés et analyses.

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Stephen Hawking talked through 'the computer', using a speech-generating device (SGD) or a voice output communication aid. This is a special device that either supplements or replaces speech/writing.

Stephen Hawking passed away in the wee hours of March 14, 2018. He was 76 years old.

Stephen Hawking is a name that is impossible to ignore, at least if you're a human from Earth. Although, to be fair, I'm willing to bet that aliens also know a thing or two about him.

To give a bit of quick background, Steven Hawking was a British cosmologist and physicist most famously known for his notable scientific works regarding the theoretical prediction of radiation emission from black holes (Hawking radiation), Penrose-Hawking theorems, the general theory of relativity and quantum mechanics. He also authored A Brief History of Time, a popular bestseller that discusses the Big Bang and black holes.

Apart from these accomplishments, there's one more and a rather unofortunate thing that he was commonly known for: he had amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Also referred to as motor neuron disease in some countries, it involves the death of neurons in a patient's brain. It results in muscle twitching and a gradual deterioration of muscles that leads to difficulty swallowing, speaking and eventually breathing.

Therefore, Hawking used a number of gadgets to give lectures and communicate with people, since he no longer had the ability to speak as most people do. You have almost certainly seen him in photographs and footage sitting in a wheelchair with a few different machines attached to it.

Let's check out some different parts of the machinery and explore how they helped Hawking disseminate his brilliance through words to the entire world.

Speech-Generating Device

What Hawking used to communicate is aptly named a speech-generating device (SGD) or a voice output communication aid. This is a special device that either supplements or replaces speech/writing for people who have problems communicating in a traditional way.

Hawking had been using this computer-based communication system made by Intel Corporation since 1997. The entire computer system was replaced every two years to cope with the gradual loss of control over his muscles over time. Hawking had actually written a small post titled 'The Computer', where he briefly talked about the tools that helped him communicate. You can check it out here.

Intel had released Hawking's speech system, i.e., Assistive Context-Aware Toolkit, as open-source code for the general public to make tweaks and tinker with so that it can become more suitable for a wider range of communicative disabilities.

Feeding the information into the machine

Hawking's communication system had three major components. First was the input, which also happened to be the most challenging element in Hawking's case. Like many other ASL patients, he had little control over his muscles, which means that he couldn't just type out words or click some buttons (which, by the way, he was able to do when his condition was better initially) to input the information. He needed a different, more sophisticated way to feed information into the computer.

This was achieved by an infrared switch mounted on his spectacles that caught the slightest twitches or movements in his cheek. When his condition was better earlier in his life, he used to press a clicker using his thumb for input. However, he eventually lost control of the nerves that controlled his thumb muscles, and had to use other methods of input, hence the infrared switch that traced movements in his cheek.

Interface

The next part involves forming words using the input from the infrared switch. This interface is a program called EZ Keys, developed by Words Plus Inc. It provides a software keyboard that's displayed on a tablet computer and mounted on one arm of his wheelchair, which is powered by the wheelchair batteries.

The software moves a cursor across the keyboard by either moving through columns or rows. When it reaches the desired word, Hawking could stop it with a twitch of his cheek. Individual letters were selected in this way to form words and then sentences. Furthermore, EZ Keys also let him move the pointer in the Windows computer that he used.

To make things easier still, the software also included an auto-complete feature - very similar to what we have in smartphones and tablets - that predicts the word without requiring Hawking to complete the spelling of the entire word.

Output: Talking out loud

The last part, and probably the easiest one, is speaking the complete sentence out loud. For this, Hawking used a speech synthesizer (developed by Speech+) that spoke the sentence once it had been approved or completed. However, it did have an unmistakable accent, which had been diversely described as American, Scottish or Scandinavian.

This machine didn't just let him talk, but also allowed him to do plenty of other tasks as well, including checking his email, browsing the Internet, making notes and using Skype to chat with friends. Intel had a dedicated team of engineers that was working on improving his communication system even further and enhancing the number of tasks he could perform. All in all, Hawking could give lectures and interact with people without much difficulty using this communication system.

Unfortunately, Hawking passed away in the morning of on March 14, 2018 in Cambridge, England. He was 76 years old.

References

Related Articles

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How Do Stephen Hawking's Gadgets Help Him Talk?

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Hawking uses a couple of gadgets to give lectures and communicate with people, since he no longer has the ability to speak as most people do. You have almost certainly seen him in photographs and footage sitting in a wheelchair with a few different machines attached to it.

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Deuxième volet de notre visite à l'Institut de chirurgie guidée par l'image, à Strasbourg.

Retrouvez la première partie de notre enquête sur la chirurgie du futur, qui explique comment les patients deviennent "transparents".

Grâce à la réalité augmentée, les chercheurs de l'Institut de chirurgie guidée par l'image, établi au sein de l'institut hospitalo-universitaire (IHU) de Strasbourg, espèrent rendre les patients "transparents" et faciliter ainsi les interventions. Une technologie qui devrait être prête d'ici à cinq ans. Mais, pour aller encore plus loin dans la sécurisation des opérations, les équipes strasbourgeoises préparent déjà la révolution suivante : l'intégration de l'intelligence artificielle (IA) à la pratique des chirurgiens. "Ce qui fait la différence entre un jeune praticien et un expert, c'est l'expérience, c'est-à-dire la mémoire des cas traités par le passé, résume le Pr Jacques Marescaux, directeur général de l'IHU. Avec l'IA, vous pouvez cumuler le souvenir de milliers d'interventions, et vous en servir pour déterminer la meilleure stratégie pour votre patient."

Analyser les opérations en temps réel

Mais ce que le septuagénaire a aujourd'hui en tête dépasse largement la seule création d'un outil d'aide à la décision. Lui rêve de mettre en place une véritable "tour de contrôle" dans les blocs opératoires. Un système capable d'analyser en temps réel le déroulement d'une opération et d'alerter le chirurgien si son geste devenait "risqué" - soit parce qu'il ne correspondrait pas aux étapes attendues au regard des cas mémorisés par l'algorithme, soit parce qu'il dévierait de la trajectoire définie lors d'une simulation sur un modèle 3D.

Un projet d'une ambition folle, qui pourrait difficilement être développé ailleurs qu'ici. Avant même que les ingénieurs puissent écrire leurs algorithmes, ils doivent disposer de films d'opérations. Or à l'IHU, tous les blocs sont équipés de caméras, et l'institut possède deux régies de télévision. La réussite du projet suppose aussi d'avoir les moyens humains pour "annoter" ces vidéos, c'est-à-dire indiquer à l'algorithme ce qui se passe à chaque séquence : un travail de bénédictin auquel participent volontiers les résidents de passage à l'Ircad, le centre de formation de renommée internationale voisin de l'IHU, lui aussi fondé par Jacques Marescaux.

Alors que le projet a été lancé voilà à peine un an, un premier essai a déjà pu être mené sur la base de 120 enregistrements d'ablation de la vésicule biliaire. "Au bout de 50 interventions, l'ordinateur avait déjà compris que cette opération se déroule toujours en sept étapes", raconte le Pr Marescaux. Et, au bout de 120, il était capable de lancer une alerte si un chirurgien ne prenait pas le bon instrument ! D'ici à trois ans, l'algorithme s'enrichira de 300 vidéos supplémentaires : de quoi, certainement, éviter des erreurs plus subtiles...

Ce "clone virtuel" représentant un abdomen en volume, avec ses différents organes et son réseau de vaisseaux sanguins est une compilation de quelque 300 clichés grâce un algorithme spécifique.

@Visible Patient

En route vers la chirurgie automatique ?

A terme, cette "tour de contrôle" pourrait aussi servir à optimiser l'occupation des salles d'opérations en permettant de mieux anticiper la durée des différentes interventions. Ou encore mesurer en temps réel les doses de rayons reçues par les patients opérés, afin, là aussi, de déclencher des alertes automatiques. Encore faudra-t-il savoir si ce "Big Brother" des blocs opératoires a une chance d'être un jour accepté par le corps médical... A la cafétéria de l'Ircad, le Pr Soler montre la salle bondée : "Les plus grands experts viennent enseigner ici, et ces leaders d'opinion nous disent tous que nous allons dans la bonne direction", jure-t-il. En ajoutant que tout dépendra de l'attitude des patients et des assureurs : "Dans l'aérien, les boîtes noires ont été acceptées par les pilotes, car il était entendu que les éventuelles erreurs non intentionnelles ne seraient pas sanctionnées, mais analysées afin d'améliorer les processus, précise-t-il. Il faudra que ce soit la même chose avec les caméras dans les blocs opératoires."

Reste une question : toutes ces évolutions - représentation toujours plus précise des structures anatomiques, réalité augmentée, simulation des opérations, intelligence artificielle - conduiront-elles à une automatisation de la chirurgie ? Le Pr Marescaux en est persuadé : "Un jour, le chirurgien programmera son opération, et laissera le robot agir à sa place. Ce n'est pas pour demain, mais cela finira par arriver."

A SAVOIR. Un robot pour opérer sans "ouvrir"

Les équipes de l'IHU, en partenariat avec le laboratoire ICube, développent un endoscope robotisé, pour permettre les interventions par les voies naturelles.

Icube

Habituellement, les endoscopes, ces longs tuyaux qui peuvent s'enfoncer dans le côlon ou dans la trachée, servent au diagnostic. Mais, de plus en plus, ils permettront aussi d'opérer par les voies naturelles. "Au Japon, les chirurgiens enlèvent déjà plus de la moitié des tumeurs de l'estomac par la bouche", raconte le Pr Jacques Marescaux, un des premiers à avoir testé la voie vaginale pour les ablations de la vésicule biliaire, dès 2008. Parce qu'à l'époque les instruments disponibles s'étaient révélés peu pratiques, ses équipes se sont lancées dans la fabrication d'un endoscope chirurgical robotisé. Aujourd'hui, le prototype de l'Isis Scope, un serpent de métal de 120 centimètres avec deux petites pinces chirurgicales à son extrémité, est quasiment terminé, et les premiers essais cliniques devraient démarrer dans l'année.

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L'intelligence artificielle entre au bloc

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Retrouvez la première partie de notre enquête sur la chirurgie du futur, qui explique comment les patients deviennent "transparents". Grâce à la réalité augmentée, les chercheurs de l'Institut de chirurgie guidée par l'image, établi au sein de l'institut hospitalo-universitaire (IHU) de Strasbourg, espèrent rendre les patients "transparents" et faciliter ainsi les interventions.

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Tableau des avantages/inconvénients de l'AI + explications pour chacuns

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Tableau des avantages/inconvénients de l'AI + explications pour chacuns

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Advantages and Disadvantages of Artificial Intelligence - Wisestep

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Artificial intelligence researchers want to bring in emotional quotient to the machines along with the general intelligence. Let us look at pros and cons

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IA in medicine (descendre un peu dans le document)

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IA in medicine (descendre un peu dans le document)

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Disclaimer: This work has been submitted by a student. This is not an example of the work written by our professional academic writers. You can view samples of our professional work here.

Any opinions, findings, conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of UK Essays.

Published: Mon, 5 Dec 2016

This research paper gives a short introduction to the basics of robotics in the context of artificial intelligence. Artificial Intelligence is a branch of computer science concerned with making computers behave like humans.This paper describes some bad effects that can happen in the future due to the influence of artificial intelligence.

INTRODUCTION

Now in the society, we are living on a world of machines. We depend on machines for every field of our life. Everything around us are applications of artificial intelligence. Air conditioners, cameras, video games, medical equipment ,were traffic lights, refrigerators, etc work on a "smart" technology . Artificial Intelligence is a branch of computer science that works on to create a computer systems capable to react like a human being. That is to make machines capable of sensing the world around it, to understand conversations and to take decisions as a human would . Computers have more computational power than the human brain Now, computers are millions of times faster than they were fifty years ago. Human brains seem to be far "faster" than computers for a wide variety of tasks. Still, greater computational speed does make some so-called Artificial Intelligent systems seem smarter

Artificial intelligence (AI) have a great role in the field of robotics. Artificial Intelligence in robotics covers topics like natural language processing, design, human factors, and computing theory. Natural language processing, a subfield of Artificial Intelligence, provides computers with the understanding they require to handle information being encoded by humans. Computer vision instructs computers on how to comprehend images and scenes. It has as some of its goals: image recognition, image tracking and image mapping. This application is valued in the fields of medicine, security, surveillance, military operations, even movie-making.

Since the beginnings of civilization man has had a fascination for a human-like creation that would assist him. Robotics and machines come to existence from this logic Artificial Intelligence to the Hollywood generation is mostly about androids, humanoids and robots. It is about machines going out of control, replacing humanity and world domination. There is a chance of happening this situation in future due to the influence of Artificial Intelligence.

WHAT IS AN INTELLIGENT MACHINE

When we say intelligent machine it does not mean that it is a machine which can solve any complex program that even humans get troubled. Calculators are not intelligent. Calculators give the right answers to challenging math problems, but everything they "know" is preprogrammed by people. They can never learn anything new. Calculators are able to solve problems entirely because

people are already able to solve those same problems.

We have generated many computing devices that can solve mathematical problems of enormous complexity, but those were not actually intelligent. They are preprogrammed to do exactly what we want them to do. They accept input and generate the correct output. They may do it at blazingly fast speeds, but their underlying mechanisms depend on humans having already worked out how to write the programs that control their behavior. An intelligent machine is a machine that does not have any preprogrammed data in it to solve a problem. We can also say that it is a machine which have an ability to think

ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ROBOTICS

The most famous of all uses for artificial intelligence systems is robotics. Robotics is the study and development of robots Applications of artificial intelligence with robotics have taken into account in many Hollywood films. From the android Data in Star Trek, to C3PO in Star Wars, people have been engaged in science fiction with countless numbers of computerized robots. In today's world, those types of robots are still fictional. However even today we use robots in countless applications. The automation of many assembly lines now, we use robots. For example, many auto manufacturers now employ the use of robots in many jobs which require a large amount of strength.

Robots have developed a lot by the last 50 years.

Robots now can 'see', sense, move and manipulate, executing complex and precise tasks at very high speeds. They have come a long way from the manufacturing field. Robotics have made a lot of progress with the influence of artificial intelligence. Today's AI machines can replicate some specific elements of intellectual ability. Now with the help of artificial intelligence robotics is trying to create machines that will have the ability to learn just about anything, the ability to reason, the ability to use language and the ability to formulate original ideas.

Computers can already solve problems in limited realms. The basic idea of artificial intelligence problem solving is very simple, though its execution is complicated. First, the robot or computer with artificial intelligence gathers facts about a situation through sensors or human input. The computer compares this information to stored data and decides what the information signifies. The computer runs through various possible actions and predicts which action will be most successful based on the collected information. But, the computer can only solve problems which it is programmed to solve. It will not have any generalized analytical ability. Chess computers are one example of this sort of machine.

Some modern robots also have the ability to learn in a limited capacity. Learning robots recognize if a certain action (moving its legs in a certain way, for instance) achieved a desired result (navigating an obstacle). The robot stores this information and attempts the successful action the next time it encounters the same situation. Humanoid robots are one example of this application. Again, modern computers can only do this in very limited situations. They can't absorb any sort of information like a human can. Some robots can learn by mimicking human actions.

Some robots can interact socially. Kismet, a robot at M.I.T's Artificial Intelligence Lab, recognizes human body language and voice inflection and responds appropriately. Kismet's creators are interested in how humans and babies interact, based only on tone of speech and visual cue. This low-level interaction could be the foundation of a human-like learning system.

Kismet and other humanoid robots at the M.I.T. artificial intelligence Lab operate using an unconventional control structure. Instead of directing every action using a central computer, the robots control lower-level actions with lower-level computers. The program's director, Rodney Brooks, believes this is a more accurate model of human intelligence. We do most things automatically and we don't decide to do them at the highest level of consciousness. For example we are not using our highest level of consciousness for closing our eyelids.

Artificial Intelligence has made it possible to interact with computers by using speech instead of writing by the application of computer speech recognition. The advantages of computer speech recognition can be seen in the Hollywood film 'IRON MAN'.

ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND MEDICINE

Artificial intelligence has a great influence in the field of medicine. We will be able to get the treatment even if the doctor is not present. By taking the advances of sophisticated robotics and taking the advantages of computer vision and signal process technologies in artificial intelligence doctors will be able to direct robots remotely to treat patients. Computer vision instructs computers on how to comprehend images and scenes. It has as some of its goals: image recognition, image tracking and image mapping. This application is very valued in the fields of medicine, security, surveillance, military operations, even movie-making.

Since we are using robots for treating they will not get tired and will be more precise and accurate with with there treatment. For example, robots will more accurate with stiching than a human doctor can do.

Many soldiers have got killed in battle fields and have died because of not getting enough medical support. Machines with artificial intelligence can be sent to battle fields for treating the soldiers. Machines with artificial intelligence can be sent even in a space station or places humans cannot get very easily.

ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY

Even though nanotechnology and artificial intelligence are two different fields, they there are so many researches working on with the application of artificial intelligence in nanotechnology. Many progresses can be made by joing together the artificial intelligence and nanotechnology. Artificial Intelligence could be boosted by nanotechnology innovations in computing power. Applications of a future nanotechnology general assembler would require some AI and robotics innovations.

Nanotechnology with the help of artificial intetelligence and robotics is working on to create micro machines which can change the face of the world.There are so many application for this if these small nanobots came to exist . They can be used in every important fields of our life. They can be used in the field of medicine for treatment. They can be injected to the body with the medicine and will heal the decease.

Nanotechnology with artificial intelligence can be used in the field of military for increasing the effect and develop defensive shields. Today there is still no shield that can deflect a nuclear explosion; nations are protected not by defenses that cancel offenses, but by a balance of offensive terror. The developments in this field can save the lives of many on wars.

An unFriendly AI with molecular nanotechnology (or other rapid infrastructure) need not bother with marching robot armies or blackmail or subtle economic coercion. The unFriendly AI has the ability to repattern all matter in the solar system according to its optimization target.

ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND EDUCATION

Artificial Intelligence have a great role in the field of education. Computers have been used in education for over 20 years. Intelligent tutoring systems have been shown to be highly effective in increasing student motivation and learning. Computer-based training (CBT) and computer aided instruction (CAI) were the first such systems deployed as an attempt to teach using computers. In these kinds of systems, the instruction was not individualized to the learner's needs. Instead, the decisions about how to move a student through the material were script-like, "if question 21 is answered correctly, proceed to question 54; otherwise go to question 32." The learner's abilities were not taken into account in this type of learning system. Even though both Computer-based training (CBT) and computer aided instruction (CAI) effective in helping learners, they do not provide the same kind of individualized attention that a student would receive from a human tutor. For a computer based educational system to provide such attention, it must reason about the domain and the learner. This prompted research in the field of intelligent tutoring systems (ITSs). ITSs offer considerable flexibility in presentation of material and a greater ability to respond to student needs. These systems achieve their "intelligence" by representing educational decisions about how to teach as well as information about the learner. This allows for greater flexibility by altering the system's interactions with the student. Intelligent tutoring systems have been shown to be highly effective at increasing student's performance and motivation.

ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND GAMING

Video games have gone through drastic improvements in the past ten years. Game artificial intelligence refers to techniques used in computer and video games to produce the illusion of intelligence in the behavior of non-player characters. Artificial intelligence in games is usually used for creating player's opponents. The high-level strategic orders by the player are taken cared by the artificial intelligence of computer. Video games seem to get twice as complex in some ways every year. As these games get more complex they also get more interesting and engaging.

They are becoming an artistic form of expression for

the programmers and developers Strategy games like "Warcraft 3" call for users to create an army to defeat one or more computer-controlled villages with armies of their own. These villages will form alliances, scout surrounding areas, and plan appropriate battle plans to do their best to be the last village standing. "The Sims" has reinvented artificial life in gaming. The game starts with the user controlling one person. Eventually the character may marry and then the user can have children in the game. These "people" are wonders of artificial intelligence. They all have their individual characteristics, wants, and needs. They have the ability to fall in love, make friends, enemies, become hermits, strive for more in life, etc, and will act on their feelings at will. So, we can see that artificial intelligence have a great application in the field of gaming

Artificial Intelligence - Current Usage

There are many applications of artificial intelligence at present.

Banks and other financial institutions rely on intelligent software, which provide accurate analysis of the data and helps make predictions based upon that data. Stocks and commodities are being traded without any human interference - all thanks to the intelligent systems. Artificial intelligence is used for weather forecasting. It is used by airlines to keep a check on its system. Robotics is the greatest success story, in the field of artificial intelligence. Spacecrafts are send by NASA and other space organizations into space, which are completely manned by robots. Even some manufacturing processes are now being completely undertaken by robots. Robots are being used in industrial processes, that are dangerous to human beings, such as in nuclear power plants. Usage of artificial intelligence is quite evident in various speech recognition systems, such as IBM ViaVoice software and Windows Vista.

ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE POSITIVE APPLICATIONS IN FUTURE

It is believed that Artificially Intelligent computers will be obviously used in the field of education. Furthermore, in the medical field scientists are speculating the development of intelligent computers that will be immune to viruses. So there will be a future with no disease.

Even now we can see small applications of artificial intelligence in our home. For example, smart television, smart refrigerator etc. In the future better applications of Artificial intelligence will be seen in every home in the future. Artificial Intelligence with nanotechnology or other technologies may give rise to new fields in the area of science. Machines may get more sophisticated and will be the companion of man. For certain, the development of artificial intelligence will increasingly make it a part of our daily life.

ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE BAD EFFECTS IN FUTURE

If there is a fair side there will be a negative side also. Even though artificial intelligence is having many advantages applications there are so many risky disadvantages also.

At a more basic level, the use of artificial intelligence in everyday tasks might produce laziness on the part of humans. The awareness that the machines have intelligence will make human to be lazy and will be forced to make everything done by the machines. Humans have an extraordinary ability to think, analyze, and use judgment. If artificial intelligence is used for interpreting, then the human mind and its capabilities might go to waste.

Scientific Films today represents the developments that can happen on the future. The most of the scientific films on artificial intelligence represents the negative side of artificial intelligence. For example if we take film 'I ROBOT' as example, it represents a robot going mad against society and becoming a trait to the humanity. There are many Hollywood films representing the same idea. Films like 'TERMINATOR' also represent the robots with artificial intelligence going mad against the humanity.

Applications of artificial intelligence with nanotechnology in military field have many positive advantages like , to develop a perfect defensive shield to any attacks. However, it have a danger side also. With the help of artificial intelligence and nanotechnology we will be able to develop very powerful and destructive weapons. In the Hollywood film 'G.I. JOE' the weapons made by the application of nanotechnology and artificial intelligence is shown

If we give intelligence to machines, they will be able to utilize it in its maximum extend. And machines with intelligence will become more intelligent than its creators. So, there will be a chance of humanity under control machines.

In future there may be more types of robots with artificial intelligence. Applications of artificial intelligence in military field will gave rise to more sophisticated and user friendly warfares. By the invention of artificial intelligence scientists will be able to prove that human intelligence is purely mechanical and can be duplicated. If this happens, it would break man's view of himself as a unique being. The future artificially intelligent machines can become even more intelligent than humans. By that, there will be a situation of man vs machines like we see in scientific fiction films.

Computers are more capable of producing accurate results. So, they will potentially replace humans in jobs that are better suited for them. This could mean that the workplace will no longer be man's domain. Unemployment rates could go up. Humans could soon lose their ground as dominant creature. Most critical of possibilities is complete destruction of the human race

Moreover, by the fast developments in the areas of artificial intelligence and robotics may push earth to a critical state. Even now the wastes of computer parts and other electronic devices are making a great disturbance to our nature and earth. In future our planet Earth may go to black from green due to the pollution that can happen by the development of artificial intelligence.

CONCLUTION

Technology is neither good nor bad. It never has been. Artificial Intelligence is a field in which so many researches are going on. Artificial Intelligence is the subfield of computer science concerned with understanding the nature of intelligence and constructing computer systems capable of intelligent action. Even though, humans are having intelligence they are not able to use it to the maximum extent. Machines will be able to use 100% of its intelligence if we gave them intelligence. It is an advantage as well as a disadvantage. We depend on machines for almost every application in life. Machines are now a part of our life and are used commonly. So, we must know more about machines and should be aware of the future that can happen if we give them intelligence. Artificial Intelligence cannot be as bad or good. It varies in the way we utilize and use it.

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Strengths And Weaknesses Of Artificial Intelligence Computer Science Essay

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Disclaimer: This work has been submitted by a student. This is not an example of the work written by our professional academic writers. You can view samples of our professional work here. Any opinions, findings, conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of UK Essays.

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Depuis septembre 2009, le CHU de Toulouse dispose du robot chirurgical de dernière génération da Vinci Si HD® qui permet aux chirurgiens de réaliser certaines interventions chirurgicales complexes et délicates, de manière moins invasive, grâce à de petites incisions.

Le robot chirurgical da Vinci® : une nouvelle possibilité de chirurgie mini-invasive

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Comment fonctionne le robot chirurgical da Vinci Si HD ® ?

Une intervention chirurgicale avec le robot da Vinci Si HD ® au CHU de Toulouse

Console ergonomique du robot chirurgical da Vinci Si HD ® utilisée par un chirurgien du CHU de Toulouse Confortablement installé derrière la console ergonomique, le chirurgien dispose d'une vision en trois dimensions (3D) du champ opératoire, avec fonction d'agrandissement haute performance. Pour opérer, il lui suffit de manipuler les manettes de la console.

Chariot côté patient du robot chirurgical da Vinci Si HD ®

Palette d'instruments EndoWrist brevetés à disposition du chirurgien lors d'une intervention chirurgicale avec le robot da Vinci Si HD®

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La chirurgie robotique da Vinci® : une technologie sûre et éprouvée

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Quelles disciplines utilisent le robot chirurgical da Vinci Si HD ® au CHU de Toulouse ?

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Depuis septembre 2009, le CHU de Toulouse dispose du robot chirurgical de dernière génération da Vinci Si HD® qui permet aux chirurgiens de réaliser certaines interventions chirurgicales complexes et délicates, de manière moins invasive, grâce à de petites incisions.

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Et plus spécifiquement pour ALS : https://alsnewstoday.com/2017/02/21/microsoft-app-helps-people-with-als-speak-using-just-their-eyes/

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Patients with Locked-In Syndrome have been given a new sense of freedom with the first ever wearable continuous communication device.

The EyeControl is a groundbreaking device which has been launched in the UK and enables people with Locked-In Syndrome to communicate with their loved ones and carers in a simple, intuitive and innovative way.

Locked-In Syndrome is a condition where a patient still has full cognitive ability but is unable to move or speak, making communication near impossible.

This neurological condition is rare and results in complete paralysis of all voluntary muscles except for ones that control eye movements, meaning communication is possible through eye movements or blinking.

Conditions that can lead to the state of being locked-in include ALS and other motor neuron diseases (MND), stroke and traumatic brain injury.

How does the EyeControl device work?

This device is the world's first AI-powered, wearable eye tracking device that enables 24/7 immediate communication, both for emergency and social purposes, something that previous solutions have not addressed.

Or Retzkin, CEO of EyeControl says: "What makes the EyeControl unique is that it has the ability to provide the user with independently controlled communication. We aim to create a simple to use and competitively priced device to give a voice back to the voiceless.

"The EyeControl introduces a new reality of accessibility for locked-in individuals to communicate with their friends, family, and carers, transforming everyday tasks for both users and their carers.

"Individuals are now able to communicate immediately upon waking, while in the bathroom, indoors, outdoors and even while travelling - situations that alternative devices have not been able to accommodate. We hope to inspire a new sense of independence for these individuals."

Improving ALS sufferer's futures

EyeControl has launched a crowdfunding campaign which aims to sponsor devices for individuals with ALS in the UK. The company will match all support from the public to ensure that as many people as possible are gifted an EyeControl device, while ensuring it costs the patients nothing.

Retzkin concludes: "We are excited to be working with local communities across the UK and with local professional organisations who are nominating members of their community to receive a device. We also hope to raise awareness of the importance of giving these patients the independence they gain through communication devices."

Six people per day are diagnosed with MND in the UK and up to 5,000 adults in the UK are affected at any one time.

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Locked-in syndrome patients given new revolutionary AI-powered device

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The EyeControl is a groundbreaking device which has been launched in the UK and enables people with Locked-In Syndrome to communicate with their loved ones and carers in a simple, intuitive and innovative way. Locked-In Syndrome is a condition where a patient still has full cognitive ability but is unable to move or speak, making communication near impossible.

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-Découvrir des molécules pour traitement plus facilement, notamment pour ALS (Stephen Hawing)
-Aide au diagnostique

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3 Ways AI Could Totally Change Healthcare -- The Motley Fool

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Most of the time, artificial intelligence (AI) is discussed with respect to how it will make our technology devices better, how it'll usher in driverless cars, or even how dangerous it could be for warfare. But AI capabilities could also drastically improve the efficiency and quality of healthcare.

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Ils parlent aussi du robot Da Vinci pour assister les chirurgiens.

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JavaScript is disabled on your browser. Please enable JavaScript to use all the features on this page.

Abstract

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a general term that implies the use of a computer to model intelligent behavior with minimal human intervention. AI is generally accepted as having started with the invention of robots. The term derives from the Czech word robota, meaning biosynthetic machines used as forced labor. In this field, Leonardo Da Vinci's lasting heritage is today's burgeoning use of robotic-assisted surgery, named after him, for complex urologic and gynecologic procedures. Da Vinci's sketchbooks of robots helped set the stage for this innovation. AI, described as the science and engineering of making intelligent machines, was officially born in 1956. The term is applicable to a broad range of items in medicine such as robotics, medical diagnosis, medical statistics, and human biology-up to and including today's "omics". AI in medicine, which is the focus of this review, has two main branches: virtual and physical. The virtual branch includes informatics approaches from deep learning information management to control of health management systems, including electronic health records, and active guidance of physicians in their treatment decisions. The physical branch is best represented by robots used to assist the elderly patient or the attending surgeon. Also embodied in this branch are targeted nanorobots, a unique new drug delivery system. The societal and ethical complexities of these applications require further reflection, proof of their medical utility, economic value, and development of interdisciplinary strategies for their wider application.

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JavaScript is disabled on your browser. Please enable JavaScript to use all the features on this page. Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a general term that implies the use of a computer to model intelligent behavior with minimal human intervention. AI is generally accepted as having started with the invention of robots.

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déjà en Anglais

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Artificial intelligence - Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

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The first appearance of artificial intelligence is in Greek myths, like Talos of Crete or the bronze robot of Hephaestus. Humanoid robots were built by Yan Shi, Hero of Alexandria, and Al-Jazari. Sentient machines became popular in fiction during the 19th and 20th centuries with the stories of Frankenstein and Rossum's Universal Robots .

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Create a new spreadsheet and edit with others at the same time -- from your computer, phone or tablet. Get stuff done with or without an internet connection. Use Sheets to edit Excel files. Free from Google.