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Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand

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Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand

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On June 28, 1914, Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria-Hungary was assassinated. He and his wife were shot while riding in a car in their own country. This catastrophe was a spark that led to a series of dramatic events in Europe soon turning into World War 1.

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This was a campaign by Britain and France from February 1915, to January 1916, that took place on the Gallipoli Peninsula. The goal was to advance through the Dardanelles Straits in order to have a supply root to Russia. However, the campaign was unsuccessful and the Allied powers suffered many casualties due to this failure.

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The Lusitania was a British Steamship containing thousands of people. On May 7, 1915, a German U-boat used a torpedo and sunk the ship causing 1,195 people to be killed, 128 of which were Americans. This was one of the first of multiple events that led to America joining the war.

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On November 7, 1916, Woodrow Wilson was re-elected. He narrowly beat his republican opponent Charles Evans Hughes. Wilson's campaign slogan was "He Kept Us Out Of War" and he claimed that if he was not re-elected, Evans would lead America into World War 1.

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In January 1917, the Zimmerman Telegram was a message sent from Germany to Mexico offering a military alliance. Germany offered to fund an invasion of the United States in order to keep America out of the war. The Telegram was intercepted, however, and was a major factor resulting in America joining World War 1.

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On April 2, 1917, Wilson gave a speech to Congress giving a message declaring war on Germany and entering World War 1. Wilson stated that America had every right to join the war because they had been wronged numerous times even while being a neutral nation. The other justification used by Wilson to join the war was that America had a right to protect freedom and make sure all countries no matter the size could practice democracy.

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On May 18, 1917, the Selective Service Act was passed temporarily expanding the military with the use of conscription. During this time, all males from the ages of 21 to 45 were required to register for the draft. This was an effective way for the American government to further strengthen the military and expand the number of soldiers available.

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On June 15, 1917, the Espionage Act was passed. This act kept people from gaining information, pictures, recordings, or other types of insight into the American defense. This was to keep any potential foreign spies from gaining information on the American defenses and reporting this information back to their country.

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On May 16, 1918, the Sedition Act was passed as an addition to the already passed Espionage Act. The Sedition Act took away parts of the rights of speech during war times. This was deemed necessary by the United States government because they feared that any negative speech or press about the war would discourage the war effort.

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This was a series of battles taking place from Jul 15, 1918, to Aug 6, 1918. The later battles of this offensive were a key turning point of the war as it ended the series of German victories and stopped their advancements into France. These battles gave an opportunity for France and other nations to finally make advancements back at Germany with the new help from the Americans.

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This battle was fought from the 12 to the 16 of September by the American Expeditionary Forces and 110,000 French troops. The offensive was led against Germany by John J. Pershing of the United States. This battle was important because it was the first American-led offensive of the war as well as an important victory for the Allies.

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This battle was fought from September 26 to November 11, 1918. It marked the near end of the final major offensive by the Allies. This was the largest use of American forces in World War 1 and would result in becoming the deadliest campaign in American history. this offensive stretched along the West Coast and lasted until the Armistice was signed.

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On November 11, 1918, Germany signed the Armistice agreement with the Allies, ending World War 1. The end came when the scales were finally tipped in the Allies' favor due to fresh American troops as well as important victories on the French and German fronts. The armistice agreement signed by Germany was an agreement amongst all nations to stop fighting while peace was negotiated until a treaty was signed.

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On January 19, 1919, the 18th amendment was passed prohibiting the manufacturing, sale, and transport of alcohol. The act was passed as a solution to the problems of crime and corruption as well as to help bring about better hygiene and overall health for the American people. Prohibition, however, was not effective. While many supported it, others were strongly against it. Many of these people found ways to avoid the ban on alcohol by using things such as speakeasies, a type of secret bar, to consume and sell alcohol.

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The Treaty of Versailles was signed on 28 June 1919. This was the official end to World War 1. The treaty's main focus was to put the blame on Germany for the war and punish them likewise. Germany was forced to lose all territories gained and was immediately demilitarized. The Treaty of Versailles turned out to be a complete failure and did not solve the necessary issues at hand.