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Anger of Parties Promised Land in exchange for fighting in WWI

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Anger of Parties Promised Land in exchange for fighting in WWI

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Effect of Global Depression on Brazil?
How do the steps that Vargas takes compare to those of other totalitarian rulers at the time?

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Nationalists?
Insurgents, led by General Francisco Franco were the nationalists against the Popular Front .
Republicans/Loyalists?
The Republicans/Loyalist defended the newly elected Spanish Republic.
Some Historians argue that the Spanish Civil War is the actual beginning of WWII, to what extent do you agree or disagree and why?
I agree that the Spanish Civil War could have been the beginning of WWII because powerful countries joined the Loyalists and Nationalists, and this increased the likelihood of a war between these disputing countries.

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Plans?
Attempted to assume control over the people of the USSR.
Targeting?
Punished political opponents, sentencing many of them to fates that ended in death.
Effects?
Stalin kept his atrocities under wraps with a tight control over the press, but as Russia continued to industrialize and come into the world further as a new power, people noticed what had happened with a mix of awe and horror. The USSR became feared and known as a threat.

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Stalin's 5 Year Plans & Collectivization

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Stalin's 5 Year Plans & Collectivization

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What were they?
5-Year Plans were plans to develop industry and agriculture. They included collectivizing agriculture, where farmlands were taken from owners and given to large collectives to manage instead.
What were the goals?
To become an industrialized power and a greater part of the global economy.
What were the outcomes?
These plans and collectivization were highly hated. Specifically, the collectivization of agriculture was a huge failure, with millions starving to death. Nevertheless, the industry in Russia grew.

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Rising Nationalism and Anti-Colonial Movements 

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Rising Nationalism and Anti-Colonial Movements 

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Colonies of allied powers felt betrayed that their sacrifices during the war were not acknowledged, and angered that they were not afforded the opportunity for self-determination that some European peoples were given

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Grievances?
The nationalist party was devoted to full independence and industrialization.
Plans?
Their plans were to free China from foreign domination and overthrow the warlords.
Targeting?
The Nationalist party led by Chiang Kaishek attacked and nearly annihilated Mao's forces.
Effects?
Chiang Kaishek's control over the Chinese Nationalist Party led to the Chinese Civil War.

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Grievances?
Peasant class exploited
Plans?
A communist revolution made up of peasants in China, based on the Russian communist revolution.
Targeting?
Nationalist party, direct competitor in ideology.
Effects?
As the nationalist party rose more, the communist party fell into the shadows.

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Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere (Amy)

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Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere (Amy)

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What is it?
An imperialist idea of liberating multiple Western colonies that were then seized by Japan, such as the East Indies, Burma, and many other Pacific islands from Western rule.
What are the goals?
It's "founding values" were to seize control and liberate these territories from foreign European rule, but Japan's more than anything used these acquired territories as places to gain materials for their army.

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Effect of Global Depression on Japan?
Exports fell, unemployment rates skyrocketed, food shortages, and the last resort of selling women into prostitution were a few examples of the circumstances. Piled together, these serious threats to Japanese life led to a doubt in democracy and its abilities to lead.
New Territories Seized?
The Philippines, Indonesia, Malaya, Burma, Indochina, Manchuria, Hong Kong, parts of eastern China.
Why did they leave the League of Nations?
After seizing power and establishing the "puppet state," of Manchukuo and, in the process, enraging foreign Western powers, Japan decided it would be best to cut off any political ties with them and left the League of Nations.

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Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Czechoslovakia, Yugoslavia

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Areas of Africa, Asia, and Latin America that were economically dependent on Imperial powers experience severe economic consequences

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What is it?
Relief?
Recovery?
Reform?

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Starting with the US, countries begin passing tariffs intending to protect their domestic economies.
How does this help create a GLOBAL depression?
Countries that were previously dependent on trade and imports and Imperial goods were left out to dry and soon collapsed on themselves.

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1. After a brief surge in the 20's people have over-invested in the stock market  --> Crash
2. Agricultural Overproduction --> low prices on goods --> farmers can't pay off debts
3. European debtors aren't paying

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France and Britain are counting on German reparations and Soviet debt repayments in order to pay their own debts, no money in = no money out

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Grievances?
Jobless workers, striking workers, they were not given the land they were promised, the economy was down bad.
Plans?
Bring order to the streets, stop the ineffective politics, and bring back the old social order.
Targeting?
Socialists and striking workers
Effects?
Consolidated central power to the extreme, no labor unions, and got rid of political opponents.  Invaded Ethiopia at one point.

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Grievances?
Saddled with full blame of war and no longer able to effectively defend themselves. A very weak government was replaced with a charismatic figure that gave both a scapegoat and would ignore the debts.
Plans?
Ignore the Treaty of Versailles and remake the economy.
Targeting?
The Jewish, communists, and socialists.
Effects?
Loss of freedom of the press. Political opponents were silenced quietly. Led to holocaust (out of scope)

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Germany doesn't have money to pay, so they just print more

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Growing Resentment of the Weimar Republic

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Growing Resentment of the Weimar Republic

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China wants German Colonies in East Asia

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China wants German Colonies in East Asia

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China supported the Allied Powers in the war

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(none of the other Cental Powers exist anymore)

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- France experienced devastation due to being a major front of the war
- Britain wants payback too

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- "Peace without Victory"
- Self-Determination for former Central Powers territories
- 14 Points & League of Nations

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Bolshevik Russia refused to pay their war debts to the Allied Powers  --> Allied Powers refuse to recognize the new Bolshevik government

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Italy switched alliances in 1917 with the promise of new territory if/when the Allied Powers won.