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Puritanism was a movement for reform within the Church of England between the time of Elizabeth and Charles II. Puritans did not like the Roman Catholic Church and they wanted a pure religion that returned back to the exact words of the Bible. They built upon the beliefs of John Calvin. The Puritans were devoted entirely to God.  They left for the New World because they faced religious persecution when Elizabeth died and Charles II dissolved Parliament.

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The beliefs of the Puritans followed "Calvinism". They studied the Bible and followed a Theological system. The community was a theocracy so the Church and State were one. Main beliefs of the Puritans were total depravity, predestination, limited atonement, and grace. They opened schools, that now would be known as some of the best universities in the world, to teach men the Bible and the word of God.

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There were multiple reasons hysteria broke out in Salem. The Puritans had a strong belief that Satan was in an "Invisible World" and was the cause of all bad things that happened in their lives. Satan recruited witches to work for him and there was evidence of previous witch cases in Europe. Modern medicine and science explains a lot of things to us now but at the time, Puritans beloved every odd symptom meant a person had been afflicted by witchcraft. Influence of people from other countries and religions, teenage boredom, and old feuds were also some key reasons as to how the hysteria begun.

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It started when Betty Parris became ill and started doing weird things such as dash around, hide, have major pain and fever. Many other girls had the same symptoms and the doctor said it was probably supernatural. They started accusing people of being witches and by the end of 1692, 200 had been accused and 19 hung. While an accused witch was on trial, the girls would become ice cold, move simultaneously, and mysterious bite marks and scratches would appear on their skin. Many accused witches languished in jail and one was pressed to death with stones.

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The Crucible is a play written by Arthur Miller, an American playwright, Pulitzer Prize winner, and essayist. In the 1950's there was a similar occurrence happening but instead of with witches it was with communists. Arthur Miller had the names of some communist sympathizers but refused to give them up. He saw the relation of this to the witch trials so he stayed in Salem for two months and wrote the play. A crucible is something that melts other materials so he named his play The Crucible to represent the ugliness of society melting out.