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By Meghan Coughlin

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Fitzgerald's writing is enhanced when he mentions songs from the 1920s. The songs set the mood for many scenes and give helpful incite through lyrics. It also leaves each scene to be interpreted differently by every reader. Especially the type of music he mentions, the songs revolve around certain characters- creating the mood they might be feeling.

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Three O' Clock in the Morning by Paul Whiteman

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Three O' Clock in the Morning by Paul Whiteman

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Recorded in 1927, "Three O' Clock in the Morning" is a lovely tune transposed by Paul Whiteman. The sappy melody leaves the reader feeling sad or reminiscent. The saxophone line blends easily with the counter-melody from the orchestra- giving the minor key more musicality. In The Great Gatsby, Fitzgerald mentions this song after Gatsby's party. The tune gives the scene more meaning- making Daisy seem lonely after leaving. For example, "What was it up there in the song that seemed to be calling her back inside?" (Fitzgerald, pg. 108). This quote shows how Daisy struggles to realize she loves Gatsby and that the song reminds her of what they used to have.  I chose this song because it creates a very sad mood- adding to Daisy's departure.

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Paul Whiteman and His Orchestra - Three O'Clock in the Morning (1922)

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This ballad was written in 1973, by Stephen Sondheim and was later recorded that year by Frank Sinatra. The song is about the hardships of love. He sings about a woman or man leaving their lover and making them a fool. For example, "Just when I'd stopped opening doors, Finally knowing the one that I wanted was yours, Making my entrance again with my usual flair, Sure of my lines, No one is there." (Karl Krebs). This song fits perfectly for "Three O' Clock in the Morning" because it gives the listener the same sad feeling. Even the lyrics explain how a spouse left another when they were in love with each other. In The Great Gatsby, the same scene shows Daisy's longing not to leave the party. This song's lyrics correlate with the story because Daisy also left her lover.

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This popular jazz piece was written by Harry B. Smith in 1921, and recorded by Fats Waller. The song is peppy and fast paced, with a smooth saxophone line carrying the melody. In The Great Gatsby, the readers can recognize this song when Jordan and Nick are driving back from the Buchanan house. For example, "...clear voices of little girls already gathered like crickets on the grass, rose through the hot twilight: 'I'm the Sheik of Araby.'" (Fitzgerald, pg. 78). The song adds to the shock of Tom's affair through the lyrics. For example, "Oh I'm the Sheik of Araby, And all the women worship me, You should see them follow me around! Not bad! Even wives of all the other sheiks, Effect to kiss my rosy cheeks, And that ain't bad, in fact it's good I've found,
I'm a cad!" (Peter Ankers). The lyrics explain that the 'Sheik of Araby' gets many women and is a player. The song shows how Tom relates to this figure because he too has many women.

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This jazz piece was recorded in the 1990s. This piece is very peppy and soulful. This song creates the same mood as the scene with Jordan and Nick because it also uses the same rhythms and swing-like beats. The piano, saxophone and trumpet create a relaxed and layed-back atmosphere with a smooth melody. The song also conveys a 'night-time vibe' as Jordan and Nick ride though West Egg in the night.

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Mendelssohn's Wedding March by Felix Mendelssohn

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Mendelssohn's Wedding March by Felix Mendelssohn

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This march was written by Felix Mendelssohn in 1842. Written in C major, this piece is most famous for being in Shakespeare's A Midsummer Night's Dream. The reader's recognize this piece in The Great Gatsby when Tom turns on the receiver and Jordan complains about anyone marrying in the heat. For example, "...we were listening to the portentous chords of Mendelssohn's Wedding March from the ballroom below." (Fitzgerald, pg. 127). This scene is ironic because Tom has been pestering Gatsby about his life and still doesn't know that Daisy used to date Gatsby. The song creates a less-awkward atmosphere than before because it breaks the silence and stops Tom from saying any more remarks about Gatsby.

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Mendelssohn A Midsummer Night's Dream - Wedding March

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This orchestral and vocal piece was written by Richard Wagner in 1850 in the Lohengrin opera. This piece also conveys the same atmosphere as "The Wedding March". Both pieces give a regal and majestic mood to listeners. Each piece is very famous for weddings, so it's fitting that they both sound alike. This song could be used in the scene as well because it's also frequently played at weddings. It doesn't take away from the fact that Jordan and Daisy would comment on marriage, either.

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https://www.stlyrics.com/lyrics/alittlenightmusic/sendintheclowns.htm (send in the clowns lyrics)

http://readingjournallit1.blogspot.com/2009/06/songs-from-great-gatsby_13.html (great gatsby songs)

http://thegreatgatsbyreadingmap.blogspot.com/p/jazz-era-music.html (great gatsby songs)

https://lyricsplayground.com/alpha/songs/s/sheikofaraby.html (sheik of araby lyrics)

https://www.chrislaich.com/music_services/2010/09/23/history-of-here-comes-the-bride-and-the-wedding-march (Bridal chorus info)

http://www.thefranksinatra.com/songs/send-in-the-clowns (send in the clowns)