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Blue - Sources
Pink - Inventions
Bold - References

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The Industrial Revolution took place during the 18th and 19th century in Great Britain before quickly spreading to the rest of the world. It was at this time that agriculture, manufacturing and transport improved. However today I will be expressing key aspects of leisure and entertainment such as music, transport, circus and sport.

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The first basketball was invented in 1819 by a Canadian American
inventor James Naismith during the industrial revolution.

Prior to basketball being invented a game called 'duck on a rock' was played. Where stones were thrown and children ducked to avoid being hit.

James was a P.E and sports coach. He could see the amount of injuries this game so he created a safer version. Basketball is defined as a team game played on a court by two opposing teams of 5 players.

A short term impact of basketball is that during the war the sport was played as a physical and moral booster and kept comradery.

Basketball is considered one of the most popular sports in the world, played by an estimated 300 million people around the world.

WHO INVENTED BASKETBALL? INVENTIONS AND INVENTORS FOR KIDS***

In-text: (M.who-invented-the.technology, n.d.)

M.who-invented-the.technology. (n.d.). Who invented Basketball? Inventions and Inventors for kids***. [online] Available at: http://m.who-invented-the.technology/basketball.htm [Accessed 8 Mar. 2018].

THE FIRST MEN'S BASKETBALL TEAM, 1906

In-text: (Cah.utexas.edu, n.d.)

Cah.utexas.edu. (n.d.). The first men's basketball team, 1906. [online] Available at: https://www.cah.utexas.edu/exhibits/EarlyYearsExhibit/large/large16.html [Accessed 9 Mar. 2018].

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The ferris wheel was invented by George Ferris in 1893. George was a civil engineer and the builder who created the ferris wheel for the Chicago World Fair during the industrial Revolution.

The ferris wheel is defined as a rotating mechanism consisting of a giant steel revolving observation wheel wheel with suspended balanced seats around the rim that remain upright.

The ferris wheel was the first structure to rival the Eiffel Tower with entertainment and an amazing view. The ferris wheel was so successful that every amusement park wanted one mainly for the ginormous profit. Even today we still see these in amusement parks, not much has changed.

Random fact - It was 80.4 meters tall containing 100,000 parts and weighing in at 4100 tons and the total cost was $300,000.

WHO INVENTED THE FERRIS WHEEL? INVENTIONS AND INVENTORS FOR KIDS***

In-text: (M.who-invented-the.technology, n.d.)

M.who-invented-the.technology. (n.d.). Who invented the Ferris Wheel? Inventions and Inventors for kids***. [online] Available at: http://m.who-invented-the.technology/ferris-wheel.htm [Accessed 9 Mar. 2018].

CHICAGO’S FERRIS WHEEL STORY

In-text: (Chicago Architecture Foundation - CAF, n.d.)

Chicago Architecture Foundation - CAF. (n.d.). Chicago’s Ferris wheel story. [online] Available at: http://www.architecture.org/architecture-chicago/topics-news/evolving-chicago/chicagos-ferris-wheel-story/ [Accessed 7 Mar. 2018].

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The radio was invented in 1895.
Guglielmo Marconi invented the radio originally in Italy. The radios invention was questioned for many years before people realised its significance and how much it was needed. Now it is said that the radio was a standout achievement in the science and technology field.

The radio is defined as a communication system based on broadcasting electromagnetic waves or a device that transmits and receives signals.

This invention led to wireless telegraphy and it was able to span the Atlantic. This broke the isolation of people at sea or war meaning many lives were saved.

To this day we still have radios and use them for mainly the same reasons just at a quicker speed and in a more efficient design. For example music and informational purposes.

Random fact - Around 1600 peoples lives were saved after serving an initial ship failure/crash at sea because of the radio.

WHO INVENTED THE RADIO? INVENTORS AND INVENTIONS FOR KIDS***

In-text: (M.who-invented-the.technology, 2018)

M.who-invented-the.technology. (2018). Who invented the Radio? Inventors and Inventions for kids***. [online] Available at: http://m.who-invented-the.technology/radio.htm [Accessed 9 Mar. 2018].

MISSMANGANSSCIENCESITE / THE FIRST RADIO

In-text: (Missmanganssciencesite.pbworks.com, n.d.)

Missmanganssciencesite.pbworks.com. (n.d.). missmanganssciencesite / The First Radio. [online] Available at: https://missmanganssciencesite.pbworks.com/w/page/32872079/The%20First%20Radio [Accessed 8 Mar. 2018].

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Kirkpatrick Macmilan is often credited with the invention of the pedal bicycle in 1839 however the idea and eventual invention has many other contributors/other inventors.

This two wheeled vehicle helped to move transportation away from horse drawn vehicles and was also seen as a healthy entertainment experience.

The main longterm impact of this was the many re-inventions of the pedal bicycle such as the bone shaker, penny fathering, safety bicycle, BMX and more specialised bicycles that we ride today. Even today we see heaps of people re-inventing this marvellous creation.

WHO INVENTED THE BICYCLE? INVENTIONS AND INVENTORS FOR KIDS***

In-text: (M.who-invented-the.technology, n.d.)

M.who-invented-the.technology. (n.d.). Who invented the Bicycle? Inventions and Inventors for kids***. [online] Available at: http://m.who-invented-the.technology/bicycle.htm [Accessed 9 Mar. 2018].

THE ROAD RACING FOOTPRINT

In-text: (Pages.rapha.cc, n.d.)

Pages.rapha.cc. (n.d.). The Road Racing Footprint. [online] Available at: https://pages.rapha.cc/retrospect/the-road-racing-footprint [Accessed 9 Mar. 2018].

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Daniel Hess created the vacuum in America, 1860. Hess was not the only creator of the vacuum but an entrepreneur and business man.

In the late 1850's Louis Paster and Robert Koch encouraged people to purchase these because they provide convincing evidence that dirt and dust were leading to disease and increasing illness.

Vacuum Cleaners have continued to develop and reduce the risk of air pollution and illness in schools, homes and offices.

WHO INVENTED THE VACUUM CLEANER? INVENTIONS AND INVENTORS FOR KIDS***

In-text: (M.who-invented-the.technology, n.d.)

M.who-invented-the.technology. (n.d.). Who invented the Vacuum Cleaner? Inventions and Inventors for kids***. [online] Available at: http://m.who-invented-the.technology/vacuum-cleaner.htm [Accessed 9 Mar. 2018].

HOW THE VACUUM CLEANER BEGAN

In-text: (Automatice.org, n.d.)

Automatice.org. (n.d.). How the Vacuum Cleaner Began. [online] Available at: http://www.automatice.org/cgi-bin/liveviewer.cgi?837 [Accessed 9 Mar. 2018].

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The music halls provided inexpensive entertainment, enjoyed by both upper and middle classes. By 1875, there were over three hundred music halls in London, and hundreds more all over Great Britain. They came in all shapes and sizes. The acts performed ranged from musician, stand up comedy, to specialty acts. Specialty acts were like circus performances aerial stunts, mimes, magicians, fire eaters, jugglers and more.

Weston's Music Hall (one of the earliest) sometime in the 1880s. Note the long tables where patrons ate and drank during performances.

RECREATION DURING THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION

In-text: (prezi.com, n.d.)

prezi.com. (n.d.). Recreation During the Industrial Revolution. [online] Available at: https://prezi.com/-vxzdanmpfxq/recreation-during-the-industrial-revolution/ [Accessed 5 Mar. 2018].

SALON NO.32 LONDON MUSIC HALL

In-text: (Antiquebeat.co.uk, n.d.)

Antiquebeat.co.uk. (n.d.). Salon no.32 London Music Hall. [online] Available at: https://antiquebeat.co.uk/events/salon-no-32-london-music-hall [Accessed 6 Mar. 2018].

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In the beginning of the Great Western Railway there was a very distinguished separation between the social classes. This was made very clear by providing a special waiting rooms for the wealthy upper class 'good passengers' at Paddington. The rail way was less keen on transporting working-class travellers.

These 'goods passengers' forced the working class to ride in open freight cars pulled by much slower trains. On Christmas Eve 1841, a train pulling two crowded wagons along with 17 heavily laden freight cars was derailed by a landslip at Sonning Cutting, near Reading. Thrown from their seats, eight passengers died and a further 17 were seriously injured. Public outrage at this, and other similar incidents, led to the passing of a law in 1844 that required companies to provide at least one ‘workman’s train’ of covered carriages per day at the rate of no more than a penny a mile.

FACT FROM
BRITAIN, 8.

8 ways railway travel changed everything for Britain

In-text: (Britain, 2018)

Your Bibliography: Britain, 8. (2018). 8 ways railway travel changed everything for Britain. [online] History Extra. Available at: https://www.historyextra.com/period/victorian/8-ways-railway-travel-changed-everything-for-britain/ [Accessed 8 Mar. 2018].

Fall Brook Railway Company, 1894
First Class Passenger Ticket from Corning to Elmira, NY
Sold by Fall Brook for travel over the DL&W line to Elmira.

FALL BROOK RAILWAY | TICKETS & PASSES

In-text: (Fallbrookrailway.com, n.d.)

Fallbrookrailway.com. (n.d.). Fall Brook Railway | Tickets & Passes. [online] Available at: http://www.fallbrookrailway.com/passes.html [Accessed 4 Mar. 2018].

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Circus rose to its popularity in the Victorian period. Circuses were a commercial form of entertainment. Circuses would travel from town to town and show their acts and tricks in parks or public places.

The Victorian circuses included skilled artists who performed the dangerous tricks and the basic goal of these circuses was to create excitement amongst the audience. The impact of these circuses was so powerful that even the 19th-century theaters included circus acts like jugglers, aerial acts and many more.

VICTORIAN ERA CIRCUS PERFORMANCES FACTS: ACTS, C.

Victorian era circus performances facts: acts, costumes

In-text: (Victorian era circus performances facts: acts, n.d.)

Victorian era circus performances facts: acts, c. (n.d.). Victorian era circus performances facts: acts, costumes. [online] Victorian-era.org. Available at: http://www.victorian-era.org/victorian-era-circus-performances.html [Accessed 8 Mar. 2018].

BBC - PRIMARY HISTORY - VICTORIAN BRITAIN - LEISURE

In-text: (Bbc.co.uk, 2014)

Bbc.co.uk. (2014). BBC - Primary History - Victorian Britain - Leisure. [online] Available at: http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/primaryhistory/victorian_britain/leisure/ [Accessed 6 Mar. 2018].

A music hall show at London's Empire Theatre (1898). Seven acrobats perform a balancing feat, with the help of two horses.

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Working people were discouraged from meeting outside in large groups because

of the authorities perceived such groups as dangerous. Following up from this the factory act of 1850 was put in place. Workers could not work before 6am or after 6pm and on Saturday's they had to stop work at 2pm.

Surprisingly this meant that  sports participation was promoted in the to ensure that workers were physically able to perform their jobs.

There was a growing call for new open spaces and funding of ‘healthy’ leisure pursuits.

INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION

In-text: (Slideshare.net, n.d.)

Slideshare.net. (n.d.). Industrial Revolution. [online] Available at: https://www.slideshare.net/SuzanneRobertson2/life-during-theindustrialrevolution1 [Accessed 6 Mar. 2018].

Random Fact - In 1863 with the creation of The Football Association (The FA). Several football clubs chose to withdraw from the FA because of two rules: the use of hands and tripping had been removed.

FOOTBALL TEAM PHOTOS ARCHIVE

In-text: (Bowdoin, n.d.)

Bowdoin. (n.d.). Football Team Photos Archive. [online] Available at: http://athletics.bowdoin.edu/sports/fball/team_photos/Football_Team_Photos_Archive [Accessed 5 Mar. 2018].

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Richard Wagner was a German composer best known for his operas. He was born on May 22, 1813, in Leipzig, Germany.

His compositions, particularly those of his later period, are notable for their complex textures, rich harmonies and orchestration, and the elaborate use of leitmotifs (a recurrent theme throughout a musical or literary composition, associated with a particular person, idea, or situation.)

RICHARD WAGNER BIOGRAPHY - LIFE, FAMILY, DEATH, HISTORY, MOTHER, INFORMATION, BORN, SIBLINGS, TIME, YEAR

In-text: (Notablebiographies.com, n.d.)

Notablebiographies.com. (n.d.). Richard Wagner Biography - life, family, death, history, mother, information, born, siblings, time, year. [online] Available at: http://www.notablebiographies.com/Tu-We/Wagner-Richard.html [Accessed 8 Mar. 2018].

Random fact - The King of Bavaria has purchased all the rights connected with Richard Wagner's famous trilogy of operas, Walkyre, Rheingold, and Siegfried, the last of which is not yet completed. For the copyright Wagner is to receive an annual sum of three thousand dollars.

PDF

In-text: (Users.skynet.be, n.d.)

Users.skynet.be. (n.d.). Cite a Website - Cite This For Me. [online] Available at: http://users.skynet.be/johndeere/wlpdf/wlar0039.pdf [Accessed 6 Mar. 2018].