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someone who writes text, "dialogue", and lyrics for an opera

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Instrumental music endowed with literary or pictorial associations, especially popular in the 19th century

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"Father of the Concerto"

teacher and composer

composed the Four Seasons

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Three part a-a-b form frequently used in music and poetry particularly in Germany

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Form of a cappella hymn-singing or hymnody in which a leader, usually chanted giving or suggesting the tune.

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First and third movements

Refrain-based structure

Orchestral refrains, virtuosic outbursts (episodes) by soloist

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Songs for keyboards designed to exhibit the performer's technique.

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An introductory movement as an an opera, or an oratorio Often presenting melodies from arias to come Also an orchestra work for concept performance

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keyboard that drives air through pipes to produce sound

A famous composer was Bach

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Motive - short melodic or rhythmic idea; the smallest fragment of a theme that forms a melodic-harmonic-rhythmic unit

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a style of music that began between 1600-1750. it was an expression of drama, it was experimental, and diverse. musical advancements with instruments and vocals

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is the relationship of two or more simultaneous musical lines (also called voices) that are harmonically interdependent yet independent in rhythm and melodic contour

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George Frideric (or Frederick) Handel was a German-British Baroque composer well-known for his operas, oratorios, anthems, concerti

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Polyphonic form popular in the baroque era in which one or more themes are developed by imitative counterpoint

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A genre that generally featured either a solo instrument or a small group of soloists set against a larger ensemble.

Baroque Musicians

Allegro-Adagio-Allegro

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BEETHOVEN Concerto for Violin and Orchestra - Hilary Hahn, violin; Leonard Slatkin, conductor

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-Born in around 1500

Has two parts

-Recitative: "Spoken" part of an Opera with many words on the same note

-Aria: The sung piece of an opera unaccompanied by music.

Has lasted over several hundred years and still exists today

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A short composition based on a two point counterpoint

Similar but simpler than a fugue.

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a piece of music with voices and instrumental accompaniment

typically with solos, chorus, and orchestra.

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Bach wrote over 250 cantatas (4-5 years worth), but only about 200 remain.

Bach's cantata typically has five to eight movements. The first, last, and usually one middle movement were fill-ensemble numbers fashioned from the chorale tune. Interspersed were solo or duet arias and recitatives.

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Lyric song for solo voice with orchestral accompaniment, generally expressing intense emotion; found in opera, cantada, and oratorio (Pg. A-5, 113-14)

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The Magic Flute – Queen of the Night aria (Mozart; Diana Damrau, The Royal Opera)

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A large-scale musical work for solo chorus, and orchestra

Pg: 123

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Harpsichords have strings that are plucked by quills, have a tone that is not sustained, and dynamic extremes are not possible. Used in fugues and one of the keyboard instruments of the Baroque Era. J. S. Bach was a renowned keyboard player and played the Harpsichord and composed many works with it.

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In a fugue the subject is stated alone at the beginning in one of the voices. it is then imitated in another voice. This "other voice" is called the answer. This is usually pitched a fourth below or a fifth above the subject.

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Recitative is one of the genres of opera--> catchy tune and connective material.

Form of speech which the plot of an opera advances through.

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Various English court posts, masques and operas for several venues; assimilated Italian and French styles.

He first performed at a London girls' school

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Subject - the main theme, the unifying idea

used in fugues