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a category of artistic composition, as in music or literature, characterized by similarities in form, style, or subject matter.

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the standard photographic film format for analog single lens reflex (SLR) still cameras and motion picture cameras.

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a type of camera with two objective lenses of the same focal length. One of the lenses is the photographic or "taking lens" (the lens that takes the picture), while the other is uses for the viewfinder system, which is usually viewed from above at waist level.

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a camera which records images in a format larger than 4x5.They have incredible image resolution.

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the photographic process used wit currently available black-and-white films and printing papers. A suspension of silver salts in gelatin is coated onto a support such as glass, flexible plastic or film, baryta paper, or resin-coated paper.

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a keeper or custodian of a museum or other collection.

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a public display of works of art or items of interest, held in an art gallery or museum or at a trade fair.

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the action of framing a photo.

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a room or building for the display or sale of works of art.

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the exclusive legal right, given to an originator or an assignee to print, publish, perform, film, or record literary, artistic, or musical material, and to authorize others to do the same.

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a mark upon a surface.

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areas of enclosed space that are two-dimensional .

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deals with the illusion of depth on a flat surface.

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refers to the lightness and darkness of areas in an artwork.

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the three-dimensional version of a shape.

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made up of three properties: hue, value, and intensity.

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refers to the way things feel, or look as if they might feel if touched.

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Used to illustrate the visual weight of an image. It’s a distribution of visual weight.

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Showing different types: object, pattern, color, shape, and line

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Using shapes, lines, or colors again and again (repetition, pattern, rhythm).

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Showing size relationships.

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The illusion of action.

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Joining parts together.

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Grabbing attention.

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symmetry around a central axis, as in a starfish or tulip flower.

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made up of exactly similar parts facing each other or around an axis; showing symmetry.

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having part which fail to correspond to one in another in shape, size, or arrangement; lacking symmetry.

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the fact of two things being seen or placed close together with contrasting effect.

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containing or using only one color.

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uses visual language of form, shape, color, and line to create a composition which may exist with a degree of in dependance from visual references in the world.

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a phrase used to describe any color that is calm or soothing in nature. Ex: green, blue, and violet

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a phrase used to describe any color that is vivid or bold in nature. Ex: re, yellow, and orange

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two colors that are on opposite sides of the color wheel. They can make each other look brighter, they can be mixed to create effective neutral hues, or they can be blended together for shadows.

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don't usually show up on the color wheel. Ex: black, white, and grey

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applied by aligning a subject with the guide lines and their intersection points, placing the horizon on the top or bottom line, or allowing linear figures in the image to flow from intersection to intersection.

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is a special number found by dividing a line into two parts so that the longer part divided by the smaller part is also equal to the whole length divided by the longer part.

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refers to a technique of composition where the viewer of your photos attention is drawn to lines that lead to the main subject of the image.

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refers to the main focus of a picture

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refers to the background

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depicts a subject in contrast to nonobjective abstraction, which is composed only of formal elements (lines, colors, shapes) with no other subject.

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emphasizes consideration of the photo that goes beyond the actual subject, inviting the viewer to interpret and reflect on the visual experience it produces.

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the process of offering valid and well-reasoned opinions about the work of others, usually involving both positive and negative comments, in a friendly manner rather than an oppositional one.

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the practice of taking someone else's work or ideas and passing them off as one's own.

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word, phrase, symbol, and/or design that identifies and distinguishes the source of the goods of one party from those of others.

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Sourcing Agents When Manufacturing Overseas: The Long Version You have a great product that you want to be made in a foreign country about which you know little. What do you do? Do you use a sourcing agent and if you do, how should you pay that agent and what should you have it do?

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relating to moral principles or the branch of knowledge dealing with these.

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illuminated from behind

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is a soft light with neither the intensity nor the glare of direct light. It is scattered and comes from all directions. Thus, it seems to wrap around objects. It is softer and does not cast harsh shadows.

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means the light that is already present in a scene, before any additional lighting is added. It usually refers to natural light, either outdoors or coming through windows etc. It can also mean artificial lights such as normal room lights.

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the treatment of light and shade in drawing and painting.

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the dark shape and outline of someone or something visible against a lighter background, especially in dim light.

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a painting, especially an altarpiece, on two hinged wooden panels which may be closed like a book.

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a picture or relief carving on three panels, typically hinged together side by side and used as an altarpiece.

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a minute area of illumination on a display screen, one of many from which an image is composed.

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The blue hour is the period of twilight when the Sun is at a significant depth below the horizon and residual, indirect sunlight takes on a predominantly blue shade, which differs from the one visible during most of a clear day, which is caused by Rayleigh scattering.

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the period of daytime shortly after sunrise or before sunset, during which daylight is redder and softer than when the Sun is higher in the sky.

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the layout of a file in terms of how the information contained in the file is organized.

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A camera's raw image file contains unprocessed or minimally processed data from the image sensor of a digital camera. ... Canon's RAW file extension is .CR2, Nikon's is .NEF. Minimally processed photo.

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file is a layered image file used in Adobe PhotoShop. PSD, which stands for Photoshop Document, is the default format that Photoshop uses for saving data. PSD is a proprietary file that allows the user to work with the images' individual layers even after the file has been saved.

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Stands for "Joint Photographic Experts Group." JPEG is a popular image file format. It is commonly used by digital cameras to store photos since it supports 2²⁴ or 16,777,216 colors. ... Still, the compression algorithm is lossy, meaning some image quality is lost during the compression process. Its the most common photo quality used.

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Tagged Image File Format, abbreviated TIFF or TIF, is a computer file format for storing raster graphics images, popular among graphic artists, the publishing industry, and photographers.

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is a mode in a digital camera where the camera's software fully controls all aspects of the photograph, from the shutter speed to the aperture setting to the focus.

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is one of the main settings on your camera, and it lets you manually control shutter speed, aperture, and ISO.

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means that the camera still sets the exposure for you. It chooses the correct aperture and shutter speed for the light available, so your shot is correctly exposed.

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also called time value (abbreviated as Tv), refers to a setting on some cameras that allows the user to choose a specific shutter speed while the camera adjusts the aperture to ensure correct exposure.

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is a setting on some cameras that allows the user to set a specific aperture value while the camera selects a shutter speed to match it that will result in proper exposure based on the lighting conditions as measured by the camera's light meter.

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measures the sensitivity of the image sensor.

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is random variation of brightness or color information in images, and is usually an aspect of electronic noise. It can be produced by the sensor and circuitry of a scanner or digital camera. Image noise is an undesirable by-product of image capture that obscures the desired information.

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ASA and ISO are both measurements of film speed, or sensitivity to light. ASA is a scale created by the American Standards Association, but it is no longer widely used. Now, most film is labeled by ISO, which was created in 1987 by the International Organization for Standardization.

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or granularity is the random optical texture of processed photographic film due to the presence of small particles of a metallic silver, or dye clouds, developed from silver halite that have received enough photons. It can be objectionably noticeable in an over-enlarged photographic film photograph.

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An image sensor or imager is a sensor that detects and conveys information used to make an image. It does so by converting the variable attenuation of light waves into signals, small bursts of current that convey the information. The waves can be light or other electromagnetic radiation.

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denoting or relating to a camera that combines the optics and mechanisms of a single-lens reflex camera with a digital imaging sensor, rather than photographic film.

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a set of data that describes and gives information about other data.

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is a term used by graphic designers and photographers for a small image representation of a larger image, usually intended to make it easier and faster to look at or manage a group of larger images.

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is an abbreviation of the photography term “Straight Out Of Camera”, simply meaning that an image can be good enough to print straight from the camera without further processing.

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an image stabilization technology that minimizes blur caused by camera shake.

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is a specific part of the frame where the camera is able to focus on something. When looking through the viewfinder, these points are denoted by small squares clustered around the centre of the frame.

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is the general technique of taking several shots of the same subject using different camera settings.

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The exposure level indicator scale shows the exposure. The numbers to the left and right of center tell you how many stops — or levels of exposure value (EV) — you are away from the center. As you know by now, negative numbers indicate values that would underexpose the photo.

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is a technique for adjusting the exposure indicated by a photographic exposure meter, in consideration of factors that may cause the indicated exposure to result in a less-than-optimal image.

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also called continuous shooting mode, sports mode or continuous high speed mode, is a shooting mode in still cameras. In burst mode, several photographs are captured in quick succession by either pressing the shutter button or holding it down.

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The f-number of an optical system is the ratio of the system's focal length to the diameter of the entrance pupil. It is a dimensionless number that is a quantitative measure of lens speed, and an important concept in photography. It is also known as the focal ratio, f-ratio, or f-stop.

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In photography and digital photography, aperture is the unit of measurement that defines the size of the opening in the lens that can be adjusted to control the amount of light reaching the film or digital sensor. The size of the aperture is measured in F-stop.

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In photography, bokeh is the aesthetic quality of the blur produced in the out-of-focus parts of an image produced by a lens. Bokeh has been defined as "the way the lens renders out-of-focus points of light".

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Depth of field is the distance between the closest and farthest objects in a photo that appears acceptably sharp. Now your camera can only focus sharply at one point. ... In a photograph with a narrow DoF, only a small slice of the image is in focus. Conversely, with a large DoF, much more of the scene is sharp.

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Depth of focus is a lens optics concept that measures the tolerance of placement of the image plane (the film plane in a camera) in relation to the lens. In a camera, depth of focus indicates the tolerance of the film's displacement within the camera and is therefore sometimes referred to as "lens-to-film tolerance".

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In photography, shutter speed or exposure time is the length of time when the film or digital sensor inside the camera is exposed to light, also when a camera's shutter is open when taking a photograph. The amount of light that reaches the film or image sensor is proportional to the exposure time.

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is an exposure setting that is used when seeking to use a shutter speed of more than 30 seconds. Generally, this would be used in extremely low light situations, such as taking photos of the night sky.

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is the apparent streaking of rapidly moving objects in a still image or a sequence of images such as a movie or animation. It results when the image being recorded changes during the recording of a single frame, either due to rapid movement or long exposure.

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is a term used to define the act of accidentally shaking a camera during shooting due to unsteady hands, which results in blurry images. This generally occurs more often if you're shooting on a low shutter speed or with a heavy lens, and can be avoided by using a tripod and cable release setup.

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The monopod is used to hold the camera steady while in the field. It is not as steady as a tripod since it has only one leg. This allows movement in the horizontal plane, but prevents up and down movement.

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White balance (WB) is the process of removing unrealistic color casts, so that objects which appear white in person are rendered white in your photo. Proper camera white balance has to take into account the "color temperature" of a light source, which refers to the relative warmth or coolness of white light.

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When talking about photography the term 'shadow' is used to describe the darkest parts of an image. Manipulation of the lighting and exposure of shadow within an image can be used to add or remove darkness from a scene, dramatically altering the overall feel and depth of a photograph.

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That range of tones which lie between highlights with detail and shadows with detail. Usually represents the portion of tone reproduction in which gradations change in proportion to change in brightness. Compare with mid-tone.