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 Step -3. Full chapter of Power sharing downloaded from N.C.E.R.T

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 Step -3. Full chapter of Power sharing downloaded from N.C.E.R.T

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General Instructions : This worksheet has three sections
Attempt all the questions from each sections .
Section A ( Objective type questions )
1) With which countries does Belgium share border ?
2) What is the ethnic composition of Belgium?
3) What is the ethnic composition of the people of Srilanka ?
When did Sinhalese become the official language of Srilanka?
a) 1945. b)  1956  c)  1952  d)  1955
4) Which religion was followed by the Sinhalese  people of Srilanka ?
a) Hindusim b) Islam c) Buddhism d) Christianity.
5) What kind of government is there in Brussels ?

Section B ( Short answer type questions )

6) Why has the idea of power sharing emerged?
7) What measures were adopted by the democratically elected government of Srilanka to establish Sinhala supermacy?
8) Why was Brussels chosen as the head quarters during the formation of European union?

Section c ( Long answer type questions )

9) What factors led to civil war in Srilanka?
10) How did the Belgium government solve the ethnic problem?

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STEP 4

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STEP 2): Power sharing.L-1              Important terms:         

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STEP 2): Power sharing.L-1              Important terms:         

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Majoritarianism : rule by  a majority, especially the belief that those constituting a simple majority should make the rules for all the members of the group, nation etc.
Ethic:  A set of moral principles , especially ones relating to or affirming a specified group, or field  or form of conduct.
Minority : the smaller no or part , especially a number or part representing less than half of the whole
Majority : the greater numbers.
Native : A person born in a specified place or associate witha place by birth, whether subsequently resident there or not.
Community :  a group of people living in the same place or having a particular characterstics in common.
Accomodation : A convenient arrangements; a settlement or compromise.
Civil war : A war between the citizens of the same country'.
Power Sharing : A policy agreed between political parties or within a coalition to share repossibility for decision making and political action.
Prudential : Involving or showing care and for thought or risk bearing.

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Lesson -2 ( Federalism )Introduction of the lesson :.( Step -1)

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Lesson -2 ( Federalism )Introduction of the lesson :.( Step -1)

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1) It has two sets or level government, one at a regional level and two at the national level.
2) Two sets of identities: people belonging to the region as well as of the country .
3)Each region has a seperate system og Government, distinct power and responsibilities.
3)There are different form of government .Each has its own Jurisdiction in matters of legislation , taxation and administration,central, regional and local.
4)No fundamental provision of the Constitution can be changed at any level arbitrarily.Changes requires the consent of both the levels of Government.
5) An independent judiciary prevents conflicts between the centre and the states.in the exercise of their powers .
6) Sources of each level of government are clearly specified  to ensure stability .

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A 1) Coming together federation.:
•. Independent states voluntarily forms a bigger union.
• They enhance the security  by pooling their sovereignty and identity .
•The states and the central have equal powers . Example U.S.A., Australia and Switzerland .

2) Holding together federation :
• A large countries decides to divide it's power between the stetes and the central government
•.  The central government is more powerful than the regional states.
• Some units have special powers. Different constituents, units have unequal powers.
• Example India, Spain and Belgium .

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Legislative powers :  are shared among the three lists which are enlisted in the constitution of India. They are: 

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Legislative powers :  are shared among the three lists which are enlisted in the constitution of India. They are: 

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1) Union list : • has 97 subjects
• subjects of national interest , defence, foreign policy, atomic energy, banking post and telegraph are included.
• only the union Government can pass law on these subjects.
ii) State list : • has 59 subjects .
• Subjects like police, agriculture , trade and commerce are within this list.
• only state government can make aw on thes subjects.
iii) Concirent list : • has 47 subjects .
• both the centre and the state can make law on these subjects like education ,forest ,trade unions , marriage adoption and succession .

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Two reasons which makes power sharing desirable :
Reasons :
Prudential : • Reduces the possibility of conflicts between different social groups . Social conflicts led to violence , political instability .
• Prevents from overstepping their rights to enhance their own power .
• When power is not shared,it oppressed the minority and even the majority.

Moral : • The spirit of democracy calls for power sharing .
• People who are affected by the Policies  must have a hand in shaping those policies .
• Citizens participation is a must.
• Moral reasons for power Sharing makes power sharing essential and valuable.

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In social movements : force the government to change laws.
Different organs of the government : Legislative, Executive and Judiciary.
Pressure groups : they influence the government and force them to change policies.
Political parties : lead the competition , coalition governments are formed if any party fails to get the majority. and parties have to perform to remain in power.
Different social groups :  religious or linguestic groups.
Among the government at different levels: Central or Union government ,State government and a third tier has been added i.e the municipal and Panchayats functioning at the local level. i.e a federal form of government.

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Case studies of Blgium and Srilanka     

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Case studies of Blgium and Srilanka     

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1) Belgium : _

I)  Geographical location : Small countries in Europe .
•Shares borders with Netherlands , France & Germany
Area & Population : Smaller tin area than  the state of Haryana in India.and popular less than 1 crore.
Ethnic Composition : 59% Dutch,40% French & 1% Germans.
Capital : in 80% are French speaking people and 20% are ditch speaking people.
So, In  Belgium Dutch speaking people are in majority where as French speaking are in minority. whereas  on the other hand in capltal Brussels , French speaking peole were in majority and are holding highest positions in the administration.So the conflict started between these two communities i.e when  the Dutch speaking people got education and got jobs in the high administration . They were not ready to accept the dominance of the French speaking people and  the conflict started between these two communities .
Accomodation in Belgium : The Belgium model :
1) Equal represenration in the cental legislation ..e equal no. of seats wer ereserved for the Ditcha and the French speaking people.
2)Special laws to become acts needs consent pf both the communities.
3)State government are not subordinate to the central govt i.e they adopted federal form of Government where power sharing is done between yhvxentsl and the statale.
4) A seperate government for Brussels , equal reptesentation for both the Linguestic group.
5) Comunity government : A third form of government called the community government elected by the Dutch , French and German  who were elected by their own people andvateveorking of the interest of their people
2) Srilanka:.
I) Geographical position :Smaler island in Asia towards the Souter coast of Tamil Nadu .
ii) Population: about two crore people
iii) Ethnic Composition : 74% Sinhalese speaking people .
18% Tamil speaking people .
, Out of these 5% are Indian Tamils.
C) Religion : Sinhala speking people are mostly Buddhist.
Most of the Tamils are Hindus, muslims ,or christions.
Conflict started when the majortarian form of government was established after the Srilanka got it's independence from  the colonial form of government and elections were hepd to form a Democratic form of government.
So the majortarian form of government , when it started made some policies to favour Sinhalese then the Tamils felt alienatedband they started forming their own  political groups to create their seperate state in which the state government has their own political autonomy. But their demands wer constantly rejected by the central government ., Which ultimately led to the civil war in Srilanka i.e a war like situation between two communities I.e.Sinhalese and Tamils.

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In a big country like India , it is essential to have an elected government at the local level .
Local people have better knowledge of local people .
Local people have better knowledge where to invest first .
Common people can be involved in decision making process , concerning their needs and how to plan development .
People can approach to solve their problems to te local government , easily and quickly .

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In a big country like India , it is essential to have an elected government at the local level .
Local people have better knowledge of local people .
Local people have better knowledge where to invest first .
Common people can be involved in decision making process , concerning their needs and how to plan development .
People can approach to solve their problems to te local government , easily and quickly .

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There are two types of local self goverment : 

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There are two types of local self goverment : 

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I)  Rural.        ii) Urban.
I) Rural : • Zila Parishad covers the entire district.
• Gram Smatis ( intermediary or middle level )
• Gram Panchayats : (  village or group of villages )
ii) .Urban : • municipal corporation ( Large Urban areas)
• Municipal councils ( smaller urban areas ) .

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1) Mandatory to hold regular elections to the local government bodies ..

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1) Mandatory to hold regular elections to the local government bodies ..

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2) Reservations for schedule castes , schedule tribe and other backward classes .
The rights of Adivasis are protected ina special act passed in 1996.
3)1/3 of the position are reserved for women
4) A state commission examines the financial position .5) 29 subjects who were in the state list have transferred  to the panchayati raj institutions by the 11th schedule of the constitution .
5) A state election commission have been formed in each state to  conduct panchayat and municipal elections.

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Click on the link to hear my audio lecture on power sharing

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Click on the link to hear my audio lecture on power sharing

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https://youtu.be/E_eglkRqJTk

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https://youtu.be/aZRBnPTtt2o

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https://youtu.be/vclHcIdMoUM

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General Instructions : This worksheet has three sections
Attempt all the questions from each sections .

Section A ( Objective type questions )

1. The System of Panchayati Raj involves
(a) The village, block and district levels
(b) The village, and state levels
(c) The village district and state levels
(d) The village, state and Union levels

2. In case of a clash between the laws made by the centre and a state on a subject in the concurrent list:
(a) the state law prevails.
(b) the central law prevails.
(c) both the laws prevail within their respective jurisdictions.
(d) the Supreme Court has to intervene to decide.

3. Which of the following subjects is not included in the state list?
(a) Law and order
(b) National defence
(c) Education
(d) Agriculture

4. In India’s federal system, the state governments have the power to legislate on all those subjects which are included in the:
(a) Union list
(b) State list
(c) Concurrent list
(d) Residuary subjects

5. The Constitution of India
(a) divided powers between centre and states in three lists.
(b) divided powers between centre and states in two lists.
(c) listed the powers of the states and left the undefined powers to the state.
(d) Specified the pow ers of the states and left the residuary powers with the centre.

6. Which of the following government has two or more levels?
(a) Community Government
(b) Coalition Government
(c) Federal Government
(d) Unitary Government

7. Which of the following countries is an example of “coming together federation”?
(a) U.S.A
(b) India
(c) Spain
(d) Belgium

8. Here are three reactions to the language policy followed in India. Which of the following holds true in the case of India?
(a) The policy of accommodation has strengthened national unity.
(b) Language based states have divided us by making everyone conscious of their language.
(c) The language policy has only helped to consolidate the dominance of English over all other languages.

9. Consider the following statements on the practice of federalism in India. Identify those which hold true for decentralisation after 1992.
A. Local governments did not have any power or resources of their own.
B. It became constitutionally mandatory to hold regular elections to local government bodies.
C. The state governments are required to share some powers and revenue with local government bodies.
D. No seats are reserved in the elected bodies for scheduled castes, scheduled tribes and other backward classes.
(a) B and C
(b) A and C
(c) A and D
(d) B and D

10. In a ‘Holding together federation’:
A. A large country divides its power between constituent states and the national government.
B. The Central government tends to be more powerful vis-a-vis the States.
C. All the constituent states usually have equal powers.
D. Constituent states have unequal powers.
Which of the above statements are correct?
(a) A, B, C and D
(b) A and D
(c) B and C
(d) A, B and D

11. Which among the following are examples of ‘Coming together federations’?
(a) India, Spain and Belgium
(b) India, USA and Spain
(c) USA, Switzerland and Australia
(d) Belgium and Sri Lanka

12. The Union List includes subjects such as:
(a) Education, forests, trade unions, marriages, adoption and succession.
(b) Police, trade, commerce, agriculture and irrigation.
(c) Residuary subjects like computer software.
(d) Defence, foreign affairs, banking, currency, communications.

13. The system of Panchayati Raj involves:
(a) Village, State and Union levels
(b) Village, District and State levels
(c) Village and State levels
(d) Village, Block and District levels

14. Which one of the following States in India has its own Constitution?
(a) Uttarakhand
(b) Madhya Pradesh
(c) J & K
(d) Nagaland

15. Which government is responsible for the entire country?

16. The system of government in which there is only one level of government is known as _____________ .

17. Banking and Defence are the subjects of _____________ .

18. In 1947 the boundaries of several old states were changed on the basis of _____________ .

19. The highest institution of Panchayati Raj in rural areas is _____________ .

20. The chairperson of the municipal corporation is known as the _____________ .

21. The ………… Government alone can make laws relating to the subjects mentioned in the Union List.

22.The Union Government has the power to legislate on ………… subjects which do not fall in any of the three lists.

23.. The ………… plays an important role in overseeing the implementation of constitutional provisions and procedures.

24. If there is a conflict in the laws made in the concurrent list, the law made by the ………… Government will prevail.

25. A third tier of government is called ………… government.

26. When power is taken away from Central and State governments and given to local government, it is called …………

27. ………… are the local governing bodies in the villages and ………… in urban areas.

28.. The political head of a Municipal Corporation is called the ………… .

29. Local self-government exists only in urban areas. (True/False)

30. The popular name of rural government is Panchayati Raj. (True/False)

31. The chairperson of the municipal corporation is known as the Sarpanch. (True/False)

32. Union Territories are the areas run by both the Union and the State Government. (True/False)

33.Match the columns.

Column A Column B
(a) National Defence.   (i) rural areas
(b) Education.                 (ii) District
(c) Local self- government  (iii) urban areas
(d) Municipal Corporation.  (iv) State list
(e) Zila Parishad.       (v) Union list

Section  B  : ( Answer the following  in short) :

34. What are the two main objectives of a federal system?

35. What does the ‘coming together’ involve?

36. What is meant by ‘holding together federation’?

37. Name the countries having ‘coming together’ federation and ‘holding together’ federation.

38 What does the third tier of federalism include?

39. Define Union List.

40. Why have the subjects like defence, foreign affairs, banking, etc. been included in the Union List?

41. Define State List.

42. Define Concurrent List.

43. What are Residuary Powers? [CBSE 2014]

44. In India’s federal system, which level of government has the power to legislate on residuary subjects?

45. Name an Indian state who used to enjoy special status before the article  370 was removed ?

46.. What are Union Territories? Name any two Union  territories  of India.

47. How can the fundamental provisions of the Indian constitution be changed?

48. What is the role of judiciary in a federal government?

49. What ideals are shared through democratic politics in India?

50. Why were the boundaries of several old states of India changed?

46. What are the two main basis on which new states of India have been created?

47. What has been the experience of creation of linguistic states?

48. What is a coalition government. .

49. Which judgement of the Supreme Court made Indian federal power sharing more effective?

50. What does the concept of decentralisation signify?

51. What was the basic idea behind decentralisation?

52. For whom, seats are reserved in the local government bodies?

53. What is a Gram Panchayat?

54. How are the members of a Panchayat elected?

55. What is Panchayat Samiti?

56. What constitutes the Zila Parishad?

57. Who are the political heads of the municipality and gram Panchayats?

58. Describe the functions of a village panchayat.

59. Name the lowest level of government in rural area.

60. What is decentralisation of power?

61. Why did some leaders fear when the demand for formation of states on language was raised? What was the outcome?

62. Describe the functions of a village panchayat.

Section C ( Answer the following in detail ) :

63. How has the third tier of the government  of our country been made more effective and powerful by the constitutional amendment of 1990?

64.State any two achievements  and two problems  of the Panchayati Raj system?

65. Promotion of hindi continues to be the official policy of government of Infia. Elucidiate.

66. Critically analyse the centre -state relationsprior to 1990 and after?

67. Which five provisions of the Indian constitution  make Indiamake India a full fledged federation?

68. What is rational decentralisation  of power? Describe the functions  of rural government.

Prepared  by :
Mrs. KOMAL  JAIN
H.O.D ( HISTORY  DEPARTMENT)

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Important notes related to this lesson.

1. In class IX, we noticed the role of political parties in the rise of democracies, in the formation of constitutional designs, in electoral politics and in the making and working  of the institutions.
Now we will look at the nature and working of political parties, especially in our country.

Why do we need political parties?

1. Political parties are easily one of the most visible institutions in a democracy.
2. Parties have become identified with social and political divisions.
3. About hundred years ago there were a few countries of the world that had any political party: Now there are few that do not have parties.

Meaning:

1. A political party is a group of people who come together to contest elections and hold power in the government.
2. They agree on some policies and programs for the society with a view to promoting the collective good.
3. Parties reflect fundamental political divisions in a society. Parties are a part of the society and thus involve PARTNERSHIP.
4. A political party has three components:
I) The leaders,
II) The active members and
III) The followers

Functions:

Basically, political parties fill political offices and exercise political power. Parties do so by performing a series of functions:
(i) Parties contest elections. In most democracies, elections are fought mainly among the candidates put up by political parties.
(ii) Parties put forward different policies and programmes and the voters choose from them.
(iii) Parties play a decisive role in making laws for a country. Formally, laws are debated and passed in the legislature.
(iv) Parties form and run the government. As we noted last year, the big policy decisions are taken by the political executive that comes from the political parties.
(v) Those parties that lose in the elections play the role of opposition to the parties in power, by voicing different views and criticizing the government for its failures or wrong policies.
(vi) Parties shape public opinion. They raise and highlight issues. Parties have lakhs of members and activists spread all over the country.
(vii) Parties provide people access to government machinery and welfare schemes implemented by governments.

Necessity

1. We need political parties because they perform all these functions.
2. The rise of political parties is directly linked to the emergence of representative democracies.
3. As we have seen, large scale societies need representative democracies.
4. Political parties fulfill these needs that every representative government has.

How many parties should we have?

1. In a democracy, any group of citizens is free to form the political party.
2. In this formal sense, there are a large number of political parties in each country.
3. More than 750 parties are registered with the Election Commission of India.
4. In some countries, only one party is allowed to control and run the government. These are called one-party system.
5. In class IX, we noted that in China, only the Communist Party is allowed to rule.
6. We cannot consider one party system as a good option because this is not a democratic option.
7. Any democratic system must allow at least two parties to compete in the election and provide a fair chance for the competing parties to come to the power.
8. In some countries, power usually changes between two main parties.
9. But only the two main parties have a serious chance of winning the majority of seats to form the government. Such a party system is called two-party system.
10. If several parties compete for power, and more than two parties have a reasonable chance of coming to power either on their own strength or in alliance with others, we call it multi-party system.
11. When several parties in a multi-party system join hands for the purpose of contesting elections and winning power, it is called an alliance or a front.
12. The multi-party system often appears very messy and leads to political instability.
13. At the same time, this system allows a variety of interests and opinions to enjoy political representation.

National political parties

1. Democracies that follow a federal system all over the world tend to have two kinds of political parties: parties that are present in only one of the federal units and parties that are present in several or all units of Federation.
2. Every party in the country has to register with the Election Commission. While the Election Commission treats all parties equally it offers some special facilities to large and established parties.
3. Parties that get this privilege and some other special facilities are ‘recognised’ by the Election Commission for this purpose. That is why these parties are called, ‘recognised political parties’.
4. According to this classification, there were six national recognised parties in the country in 2006. These are:
I) Indian National Congress
II) Bharatiya Janta Party
III) Bahujan Samaj Party
IV) Communist Party of Indian-Marxist
V) Communist Party of India
VI) Nationalist Congress Party

State party

1. Other than these six parties, most of the major parties of the country are classified by the Election Commission as ‘State parties’.
2. Parties like the
I) Samajwadi party,
II) Samata party and Rashtriya Janta Dal have national level political organization with units in several states.

3. Some of these parties like Biju Janta Dal, Sikkim Democratic Front and Mizo national Front are conscious about their state identity.
4. Over the last three decades, the number and strength of these parties has expanded.

Challenges to political parties

1. All over the world, people express strong dissatisfaction with the failure of political parties to perform their functions as well.
2. The first challenge is lack of internal democracy within parties. All over the world there is a tendency in political parties towards the concentration of power in one or few leaders at the top.
3. The leaders assume greater power to make decisions in the name of the party.
4. Since one or few leaders exercise paramount power in the party, those who disagree with the leadership find it difficult to continue in the party.
5. The second challenge of the dynastic succession is related to the first one. Since most political parties do not practice open and transparent procedures for their functioning, there are very few ways for an ordinary worker to rise to the top in a party.
6. The third challenge is about the growing role of money and muscle power in parties, especially during elections.
7. Rich people and companies who give funds to the parties tend to have influence on the policies and decisions of the parties tend to have influence on the policies and decision of the party.
8. In some cases, parties support criminals who can win elections.
9. The fourth challenge is that very often parties do not seem to offer a meaningful choice to the voters.

How can parties be reformed?

1. Let us look at some of the recent efforts and suggestions in our country to reform political parties and its leaders:
I) The Constitution was amended to prevent elected MLAs and MPs from changing parties. This was done because many elected representatives were indulging in DEFECTION in order to become ministers or for cash rewards.
II) The Supreme Court passed an order to reduce the influence of money and criminals.
III) The Election Commission passed an order making it necessary for political parties to hold their organizational elections and file their income tax returns.

Besides these, many suggestions are often made to reform political parties:
I) A law should be made to regulate the internal affairs of political parties. It should be made compulsory for political parties to maintain a register of its members.
II) It should be made mandatory for political parties to give a minimum number of tickets, about one-third, to women candidates.
III) There should be state funding of elections. The government should give parties money to support their elections expenses.

2. These suggestions have not yet been accepted by political parties.
3. There are two other ways in which political parties can be reformed.
4. One, people can put pressure on political parties. This can be done through petition, publicity, and agitation.

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Pt Deen Dayal Upadhyaya  Sanatan  Dharma  Vidyalaya  .

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Pt Deen Dayal Upadhyaya  Sanatan  Dharma  Vidyalaya  .

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Civics worksheet 12
Topic : Political Parties( Lesson  6)
General Instructions : This worksheet has three sections .
Attempt all the questions from each sections .

Section A (Objective  type  questions  )

1. A group of people who come close to each other to attain their common aim of power is known as…
(a) Political Party
(b) Interest Group
(c) Political leadership
(d) Factional group

2. India has…major National Parties?
(a) 4
(b) 8
(c) 6
(d) 10

3. Which of these is a National Party?
(a) INC
(b) BSP
(c) BJP
(d) All of these

4. Which of these is not a National Party?
(a) INC
(b) SAD
(c) BJP
(d) CPI (M)

5. Which of these is not a State Party?
(a) TDP
(b) DMK
(c) SAD
(d) CPI

6. Which of these is the main component of political party?
(a) Leaders
(b) The followers
(c) Active members
(d) All of these

7. Which of these is the function of political party?
(a) To contest election
(b) To form and run government
(c) To form public opinion
(d) All of these

8. Political party that runs the government is ….
(a) Ruling party
(b) Interest group
(c) Opposition party
(d) Factional group

9. The rise of political parties is directly linked to….
(a) Emergence of representative democracies
(b) Large scale societies
(c) Mechanism of restrain and support the government
(d) All of these

10. System with one party is known as….
(a) Uni-party system
(b) Multi-party system
(c) Bi-party system
(d) None of these

11. System of two parties is known as….
(a) Uni-party system
(b) Multi-party system
(c) Bi-party system
(d) None of these

12. System of many parties is known as….
(a) Bi-party system
(b) Multi-party system
(c) Uni-party system
(d) None of these

13. Which of these countries have Uni-party system?
(a) China
(b) North Korea
(c) Cuba
(d) All of these

14. Which of these countries have Bi-party system?
(a) India
(b) England
(c) France
(d) Pakistan

15. Any party with 6% of total votes in Lok Sabha or Assembly elections in four states and wins at least 4 seats in Lok Sabha is recognized as….
(a) National Party
(b) Regional Party
(c) State Party
(d) Factional Party

16. Which out of the following is a feature of 'Partisanship'?
(a) Inability to take a balanced view
(b) Similarity of views
(c) Represents the individual
(d) None of these

17. Who is a 'Partisan'?
(a) Disloyal party member
(b) Staunch party member
(c) Estranged party member
(d) None of these

18. How many parties are registered with the Election Commission of India?
(a) 500
(b) 650
(c) 700
(d) 750

19. What is meant by one-party system?
(a) One single party runs the government
(b) One single person runs the parties
(c) When the King rules the country
(d) When one party is allowed to contest elections

20. What is meant by two-party system?
(a) Two parties run the government
(b) Two members run a party
(c) Two parties run the government one by one
(d) Two parties contest elections

21. What system of government does India have?
(a) One-party system
(b) Two-party system
(c) Multi-party system
(d) None of these

22. What is an 'alliance'?
(a) One party contests elections
(b) Several parties join hands for contesting elections
(c) Two parties contest elections
(d) None of these

23. What are 'National parties'?
(a) Parties which have units in various states
(b) Parties which have no units
(c) Parties which have units in two states
(d) Parties which have units in all states

24. On what ideologies does the Indian National Congress rest?
(a) Communalism
(b) Socialism
(c) Federalism
(d) Secularism

25.. The Bhartiya Janta Party (BJP) came to power in 1998 as the leader of:
(a) United Progressive Alliance
(b) Left front
(c) National Democratic Alliance
(d) None of these

26. Who is the founder of the Bahujan Samaj Party (BSP)?
(a) Jyotiba Phule
(b) Kanshi Ram
(c) B.R. Ambedkar
(d) Sahu Maharaj

27. The main base of BSP is in:
(a) Punjab
(b) Delhi
(c) Haryana
(d) Uttar Pradesh

28. Which party enjoys a strong hold in Tripura, West Bengal and Kerala?
(a) CPI (M)
(b) CPI
(c) BSP
(d) BJP

29. Which party has been in power for 30 years now?
(a) BJP
(b) CPI
(c) CPI (M)
(d) NCP

30. Which party has advocated the coming together of all Left parties?
(a) CPI
(b) CPI (M)
(c) NCP
(d) INC

31. Which political party from the six main parties was formed as late as in 1999?
(a) BJP
(b) CPI (M)
(c) NCP
(d) BSP

32. Which out of the following is a 'state party'?
(a) BSP
(b) Rashtriya Janta Dal
(c) BJP
(d) NCP

33. Which political leader owns a football club called AC Milan and a bank?
(a) George Bush
(b) Barack Obama
(c) Berlusconi
(d) Nicolas Sarkozy

34. What is meant by 'Defection'?
(a) Loyalty towards a party
(b) Changing party allegiance
(c) Political reforms
(d) None of these

35. What is an 'Affidavit'?
(a) Over-regulation of political parties
(b) Decision-making body of the party
(c) Details of a contesting candidate
(d) None of these

36. Which of these is the challenge faced by political party?
(a) Lack of internal democracy
(b) Dynastic succession
(c) Growing role of money and muscle power
(d) All of these

37. Changing party allegiance form the party on which a person got elected is known as….
(a) Changing party
(b) Defection
(c) Mobility
(d) None of these

38. The party that loses the elections and does not form the government is called….
(a) Ruling party
(b) Interest group
(c) Opposition party
(d) Factional group

39. How many political parties are registered with the Election Commission in India?
(a) About 750
(b) About 150
(c) About 900
(d) About 250

40. Whom do political parties have to register themselves?
(a) State government
(b) Central government
(c) Election Commission
(d) None of these

41. What are the components of political parties?
(a) The leaders
(b) The active members
(c) The followers
(d) All the above

42. When several parties in a multi-party system join hands for the purpose of contesting elections and winning power, it is called….
(a) Alliance
(b) Uni-party system
(c) Group
(d) None of these

43. When was the Indian National Congress founded?
(a) 1785
(b) 1885
(c) 1985
(d) 1990

44. When was the Bhartiya Janta Party founded?
(a) 1970
(b) 1975
(c) 1980
(d) 1985

45. When was the communist party of India-Marxist founded?
(a) 1764
(b) 1864
(c) 1964
(d) 2004

46. What is the political election symbol of congress party?
(a) Symbol of Lotus
(b) Symbol of Hand
(c) Symbol of elephant
(d) Symbol of clock

47. ‘Lotus’ is a political symbol of which party?
(a) Indian National Congress
(b) Bahujan Samaj Party
(c) Bhartiya Janta Party
(d) CPI (M)

48. When was the Nationalist Congress Party formed?
(a) 1996
(b) 1998
(c) 1999
(d) 2000

49. Which party was formed under the leadership of Kanshi Ram?
(a) BJP
(b) BSP
(c) CPI (M)
(d) INC

50. How many seats have been secured by the INC in the Lok Sabha elections held in 2004?
(a) 19
(b) 119
(c) 145
(d) 120

51. Which is the principal opposition party in the Lok Sabha after the elections of 2004?
(a) Indian National Congress
(b) Bhartiya Janta Party
(c) Bahujan Samaj Party
(d) Communist Party of India

52. Which political party was in power in West Bengal without a break for last 30 years?
(a) INC
(b) BJP
(c) CPI-(M)
(d) CPI

53. Which of these is a state party?
(a) Biju Janta Dal
(b) Indian National Lok Dal
(c) Sikkim Democratic Front
(d) All of these

54. UPA stands for-
(a) Union Progressive Alliance
(b) Union Protested Alliance
(c) United Progressive Allowance
(d) United Progressive Alliance

Section B ( Answer the  following  in  short  )

55) What does Universal Adult Suffrage stand for?

56) Given one point of difference between a pressure group and a political party.

57) Which special privilege is given to recognised political parties by the Election Commission?

58) jName the national political party which draws inspiration from the teachings of Sahu Maharaj, Mahatma Phule, Naicker and Babasaheb Ambedkar.

59) Name any two regional parties of West Bengal
. .
60) What is the the philosophy of Bhartiya Janta Party ?

61) Name any one political party that has national level political organisation but not recognised as a national political party. .

62) Why did India adopt multi-party system? Give reasons why India adopted multi-party system ?

63h) Why do political parties involve partisanship? (

64) Mention the ideology of Indian National Congress.

65) Name any one political party of India which grew out of a movement.

Section  B  (Short Answer Questions )

66) Name the national political party which gets inspiration from India’s ancient culture and values. Mention four features of that party.

65) What role Political  parties  play in democratic  country?

66) Describe the three components of a political party.

67)How has multi-party system strengthened democracy in India?

68) Lack of internal democracy within parties is the major challenge to political parties all over the world”. Analyse the statement.

“69) Dynastic succession is one of the most serious challenges before the political parties.” Analyse the statement.

70) What is meant by a ‘national political party’? State the conditions required to be a national political party.

71) Nearly every one of the state parties wants to get an opportunity to be a part of one or the other national level coalition.” Support the statement with arguments.

72) Analyse the three components of a political party.

Section C: Long Answer Questions :

73) Explain any five suggestions to reform political parties in India.

74 ) Explain the growing role of money and muscle power in political parties.

75) Why do we need political parties? Explain.

Prepared  by  ;
Ms. Komal Jain
H.O.D ( History  department  )

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Class 10 Civics | Key Features of Federalism | EP#02

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Outcomes  of democracy  ( Lesson -7)

Overview

1. We begin by thinking about how to access the outcomes of democracy.
2. After some clarity on how to think on this subject, we proceed to look at the expected and actual outcomes of democracy in various respects.
3. Our final verdict – positive but qualified.

How do we access democracy’s outcomes?

1. Democracy is the better form of government when compared with dictatorship or any other alternative.
2. We felt that democracy was better because of it:
I) Promotes equally among citizens;
II) Enhances the dignity of the individual;
III) Improves the quality of decision – making;
IV) Provides a method to resolve conflicts; and
V) Allows room to correct mistakes.
3. We face a dilemma: democracy is seen to be good in principle but felt to be not so good in its practice.
4. This dilemma invites us to think hard about the outcomes of the democracy.
5. Our interest in and fascination for democracy often push us into taking a position that democracy can address all socio-economic and political problem.
6. The first step towards thinking carefully about the outcomes of democracy is to recognise that democracy is just a form of government.

Accountable, responsive and legitimate government:
1. The most basic outcome of democracy should be that it produces a government that is accountable to the citizens, and responsive to the needs and expectations of the citizens.
2. Democracy is based on the idea of deliberation and negotiation.
3. Democracy ensures that decision-making will be based on norms and procedures.
4. The right and the means to examine the process of decision-making known as transparency.
5. Democratic governments do not have a very good record when it comes to sharing information with citizens.
6. In substantive terms, it may be reasonable to expect from democracy a government that is attentive to the needs and demands of the people and is largely free to corruption.
7. The record of democracies is not impressive on these two counts.
8. There is one respect in which democratic government is certainly better than its alternatives: the democratic government is the legitimate government.
9. People wish to be ruled by representatives elected by them. They also believe that democracy is suitable for their country.

Economic growth and development:

1. The inability of democracy to achieve higher economic development worries us. But this alone cannot be the reason to reject democracy.
2. The difference in the rates of economic development between less developed countries with dictatorships and democracies is negligible.
3. We cannot say that democracy is a guarantee of economic development.
4. But we can expect democracy not to lag behind dictatorships in this respect.

Reduction of inequality and poverty:

1. Perhaps more than development, it is reasonable to expect democracies to reduce economic disparities.
2. A small number of ultra-rich enjoy a highly disproportionate share of wealth and incomes.
3. Not only that, their share in the total income of the country has been increasing.
4. In actual life, democracies do not appear to be very successful in reducing economic inequalities.

Accommodation of social diversity:

1. It will be fair expectation that democracy should produce a harmonious social life.
2. Ability to handle social differences, divisions, and conflicts is thus a definite plus point of democratic regimes.
3. Two conditions in order to achieve the outcome:
I) It is necessary to understand that democracy is not simply rule by majority opinion.
II) It is also necessary that rule by the majority does not become rule by majority community in terms of religion or race or linguistic groups.

Dignity and freedom of the citizens:

1. Democracy stands much superior to any other form of government in promoting dignity and freedom of the individual.
2. The passion for respect and freedom are the basis of democracy.
3. This has been achieved in various degrees in various democracies.
4. Most societies across the world were historically male dominated societies.
5. Long struggles by women have created some sensitivity today that respect to and equal treatment of women are necessary ingredients of a democratic society.
6. Democracy in India has strengthened the claims of the disadvantaged and discriminated castes for equal status and equal opportunity.
7. Expectations from democracy also function as the criteria for judging and democratic country.
8. As people get some benefits of democracy, they ask for more and want to make democracy even better.
9. Most individuals today believe that their vote makes a difference to the way the government is run and to their own self-interest.

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Democratic Politics-                                       ( Worksheet  15)

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Democratic Politics-                                       ( Worksheet  15)

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Topic: Outcomes of Democracy ( Lesson 7 )

General  Instructions: Attempt all the questions  from each section  .All questions  are compulsory.

SECTION A  ( OBJECTIVE TYPE QUESTIONS) :

( Multiple  choice  questions  ) :
1. following economic growth depends on which of the ?
(a) Size of the population of the country
(b) Territory or area of the country
(c) Global scenario
(d) Co-operation among various nations

2. Social outcomes cover the areas like
(i) Dignity and freedom of citizens
(ii) Untouchability and discrimination
(iii) Gender equality
(iv) Ban on child labour
(a) (i), (iii) and (iv)
(b) (ii), (i) and (iv)
(c) (ii) and (iv)
(d) (i) only

3. The basic outcome of democracy is
(a) Political, social and economic outcome
(b) Military outcome
(c) Restricted and limited welfare policies.
(d) Elimination of poverty

4. If a government provides its citizens a right and means to examine the process of decision, it is
(a) An accountable government
(b) A responsible government
(c) A transparent government
(d) A stable government

5. What do democracies ensure regarding decision making?
(a) Process of transparency
(b) Decisions taken by the head of the country
(c) Decision by the Council of Ministers
(d) Restricted popular participation in decision making .

6. Which of the following is not true about democracy?
(а) It always worries about majorities and public opinion.
(б) It improves the quality of decision making.
(c) Decision making is faster and quicker.
(d) It allows a room to correct mistakes.

7. Why is democracy considered as the better form of government than dictatorship?
(a) Promotes equality and enhances dignity of the individual.
(b) Never allows room to correct mistakes.
(c) Majority community rule
(d) Provides methods to resolve conflicts

Q 8. Political outcome signifies:
(i) Accountable and responsible government .
(ii) Military rule
(iii) Legitimate government
(iv) Restricted popular participation
(a) (z), (iii) and (iv)
(b) (iii), (i) and (ii)
(c) (i) and (ii)
(d) (i) and (iii)

9. A government that takes decision by following norms and a proper procedure is:
(a) An accountable government
(b) A responsible government
(c) A transparent government
(d) A stable government

10. A democratic government is:
(a) An accountable government
(b) A responsive government
(c) A legitimate government
(d) All of the above

11. When was democracy introduced in India?
(a) 1952
(b) 1950
(c) 1947
(d) 1949

12. Among the following which country tops in inequality of income?
(a) Hungary
(b) Russia
(c) South Africa
(d) UK

13. Among the following regimes which tops the rate of economic growth?
(a) All democratic regimes
(b) All dictatorial regimes
(c) Poor countries under dictatorship
(d) Poor countries under democracy

14. To measure democracies on the basis of expected outcomes, which of the following practices and institutions would one look for?
(a) Regular, free and fair elections
(b) Open public debate on major policies
(c) Citizens’ right to information about the government
(d) All of the above

15. The basic elements of democracy are:
A. Universal Adult Franchise
B. Fraternity and national unity
C. Liberty and equality
D. Dignity and freedom of an individual
(a) A, B & D
(b) A, C & D
(c) B, C & D
(d) A, B, C & D

16. In a democracy, a citizen has the right and means to examine the process of decision¬making. This is known as (a) Dictatorship
(b) Transparency
(c) Legitimacy
(d) Equality

17. Consider the following statements. Which of these do not hold true for non-democratic regimes?
(a) These do not have to bother about public opinion.
(b) These take less time at arriving at a decision.
(c) Principle of individual dignity has legal force.
(d) These often suppress internal social differences.

18. The most basic outcome of democracy is:
(a) It provides accountability to citizens.
(b) It addresses socio-economic and political problems.
(c) It produces good government.
(d) It accommodates religious differences.

19. Democratic government is better than non-democratic because
(a) it is a legitimate form of government.
(b) overwhelming support for the idea all over the world.
(c) it leads to a just distribution of goods and opportunities.
(d) it ensures faster economic growth.

20. ‘Equal treatment of women’ is a necessary ingredient of a democratic society. This means that:
(a) women are actually always treated with respect.
(b) it is now easier for women to legally wage struggle for their rights.
(c) most societies across the world are now increasingly women dominated.
(d) women are now treated as equals in the political arena.

( Fill in the blanks )

21. Growth and development of the country in the way of providing better facilities and services to the individual signifies _____________ .
22. Denial of opportunities to lead a long health, creative life and to enjoy a decent standard of living is related to _____________ .
23. Decisions taken through the correct procedure by involving the people is known as _____________ .
24. The government ruled by the monarch or king of the country is known as _____________ .
25. Privileges and rights to be valuable and important for the functioning of democratic society are called _____________ .
26.Democracy is seen to be good in (i) …………… but not so good in its (ii) …………… .
27 We prefer democracy over dictatorships due to …………… reasons.
28. Democracies are different from each other in terms of the (i) …………… situations, their (ii) …………… achievements and their (iii) …………… .

True and false.
29. A democratic government is an accountable government. (True/False)
30. Democracies have successfully eliminated conflicts among people. (True/False)
31. The disadvantaged and discriminated castes have gained in strength due to democracy. (True/False)
32.  Political outcome signifies Military rule. (True/False)

Match the columns.

34. Column A Column B
(a) A democratic government is a (i) idea of political inequality
(b) A democracy is attentive to the needs of (ii) improves the quality of decision making
(c) Democracies have successfully eliminated (iii) legitimate government
(d) Democracy is considered a better form of government as it (iv) all citizens

Section  B ( Answer the following  in  short) :

35. What are the basic elements of democracy in practical sense?

36. How are most democracies different from each other?

37. What should be the basic outcome of democracy?

38.Why are non-democratic governments quick and efficient in decision-making and implementation?

39. Why are decisions delayed in democracy?

40. What do democracies ensure regarding decision-making?

41. What is meant by transparency?
Or
Explain the meaning of transparency in democracy.

42. In what aspects do the democracies have a greater success rate?

43. The record of democracies is not impressive on two counts. What are they?

44. Why is there an overwhelming support for democracy all over the world?

45. List any two factors on which economic development depends.

46. What is political equality?

SECTION  C  ( Answer the following  in detail)  :

47. How can you say that democracies are based on political equality?
Or
How is democracy based on political equality in India?

48.. ‘Democracy cannot solve all economic and social problems but still it is perceived.’ Why?

49. What is economic inequality?

50.  Which country is suffering from the adverse form of economic inequality?

51. What is the unique plus point of democratic regions?

52.  How long can the democracy remain democracy?

53. In what aspects does democracy stand much superior to any other from of government?

50. Trace any two provisions of Indian government to eradicate caste inequalities.

51. List two valid points which promote dignity of women in a democratic government.

52. Which two sections of society get special emphasis in the Indian Constitution regarding equal status and equal opportunities?

.53. Name any two basic constituents of democracy.

54. What is the dilemma regarding the practical aspect of democracy?

Prepared by :
Mrs .Komal Jain.

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My Aufio lecture on Outcomes of democracy.
https://youtu.be/7GnEBZ6O2X8

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Audio lecture on political parties of India.

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Audio lecture on political parties of India.

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https://youtu.be/eC3_7pTI_SE