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Description: Knowledge rating allows the teacher to see what kind of background knowledge students have about certain vocabulary words. Teacher begins with a list of vocabulary words that students analyze and note whether the term is familiar. Have the students check one of the boxes that correlates with what they know about each vocabulary word. The students then discuss in groups the vocabulary words by talking about where students learned the word or may have heard the word before.
Advantages:

The teacher is able to understand what words in a new vocabulary list that the students know and which ones that they don't so that the teacher can focus the lesson on certain words.

Disadvantages:

Some students may misunderstand a word in the vocabulary list that they think they might understand but they really don't.

ELL: These students might need to be provided pictures and synonyms of these words so that they could have a better understanding of the words. You could use the words in a sentence to maybe help them understand the words meaning better.
Citation: http://education.ky.gov/curriculum/conpro/engla/Documents/vocabulary_rating_comprehension_strategy_teaching%20tools.pdf

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Description: Contextual redefinition gives students a point-by-point strategy for using the context of the text to find the meaning of unknown words. The teacher reminds students that words have many meanings and their context is a key component of determining the meaning. The teacher chooses words from the text that the students might find difficult to define. you are to write these words on the board or on chart paper. The students are to predict the definitions of these words before they are to read the text. The students then read the text looking for where the vocabulary is in the text. Then ask the students to revisit their previous definitions and see which reflect the use of these words int he context of the selection.
Advantages:

Quick way to identify the meaning within the text.

Allows students to think ahead and predict what the meanings mean.

Disadvantages:

Students must understand how to use context clues to find out what a word means.

ELL: The use of pictures will probably help these students best understand the definitions of these words. Maybe having a translator for these students if they need help determining what a word means. Also providing these students with synonyms that might help them figure out what these words mean.
Citation: http://www.readingeducator.com/strategies/context.htm

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Description: Discussion webs help students visualize key elements of an issue and identify opposing points of view on the subject of matter. The teacher gives out a reading that covers a topic that has defined opposing viewpoints. They then ask the class to identify the main questions in the text. Then the teacher writes the question on the board. The students in groups are given a web template. They have to write down three reasons for answering the question either yes or no. The students answers are then recorded on a T-chart and they use the list to promote discussion about why they chose these answers. The students then choose a position with one of the general questions. The students are to write their final conclusion on a piece of paper or index card. The teacher then sees what received the most votes.
Advantages:

Students are able to dissect a controversial topic into pros and cons

Students are able to decide which outweighs the other by choosing the strongest reasons.

Disadvantages:

Finding a topic that students are able to easily understand and come up with pros and cons to.

ELL: Some students who don't understand English might not be able to debate the topics that are being discussed. Instead of working with partners the student might need to work with the teacher.
Citation: http://www.readingeducator.com/strategies/web.htm

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Description: Exclusion brainstorming is used to see what prior knowledge students already have and to preview terminology that will be studied in their reading. Teachers choose a list of words related to a book that the students are reading and include a few words that do not fit in with the topic and write it on chart paper. Students read the words in small groups to decide which words are related and which are not. Students are to circle the words that are related. After students read the book the will check their list and make corrections based on their new knowledge of words. Crossing out unrelated words regardless whether or not they circled them earlier.
Advantages:

Students can look for important terms in the book as they are reading.

Students can associate certain words with a certain focus topic.

Students are using their prior knowledge to find the answers.

Disadvantages:

Some students may become confused between what terms are associated with the topic.

Some students might overlook important key concepts because they are too busy looking for certain words that may or may not be in the reading.

ELL: Students could work with the teacher instead of with a partner. The student could also be given pictorial visuals of these words to help better their understanding of the word and its definition. The teacher could also read the words aloud to these students.
Citation: http://eagles.midway.edu/ted/STRATEGY_files/exclusion_brainstorming.htm

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Description: A concept sort can be used as both a vocabulary and a comprehension strategy to help students become familiar with new vocabulary or vocabulary from a book they are reading. The teachers job is to provide the students with the new words from whatever they are about to read. The students then sort these words into categories based on the meaning of the words. These sorts can be open or closed meaning either the teacher can direct them in the categories they shall sort them into or the students can decide on their own.
Advantages:

Allows teachers to introduce new vocabulary students will see in the text.

Tells the teachers what information the students already know about a topic.

Allows students to become familiar with the words they will read in the book.

Disadvantages:

Students might not be familiar with the words in the sort allowing them to struggle to sort them.

ELL: Students might need to sort pictures and words so that they have a visual of what these words mean. The teacher might also need to read the words aloud to these students.
Citation: http://www.readingrockets.org/strategies/concept_sort

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Description: A predict-o-gram is used for activating the students vocabulary knowledge and background information before they are to read a text. The students receive a chart with different categories such as characters, setting, problem, solution, action, etc. and the students are to fill this out.
Advantages:

Activates student's prior knowledge.

Allows students to use critical thinking to make predictions.

Disadvantages:

Some students might lack the background knowledge to fill out the chart.

ELL: Allowing students to use pictures, or allowing them some translations on the side so they know what the main categories are.
Citation: http://www.redesignu.org/design-lab/learning-activities/predict-o-gram

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Description: The vocabulary self-collection strategy allows students to choose the words they want to learn, talk about why they chose these words, and agree upon words for a classroom discussion.
Advantages:

This strategy is an effective approach to help students understand the meanings of new words, use them in conversations and writing, and make personal connections with words while reading.

Encourages students to use the words for different tasks and on a regular basis in their writing.

Disadvantages:

Some students might be embarrassed to say that they don't know a word.

ELL: Allowing these students to work with another student. This student might have a lot of words that he or she doesn't know so they might need to work with the teacher instead of another student.
Citation: http://www.readwritethink.org/classroom-resources/lesson-plans/choosing-chatting-collecting-vocabulary-296.html

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Description: Predict-a-pie is used to brainstorm different synonyms and antonyms for a given word or concept. Students are to draw a circle and split it into three even sections. The vocabulary word should be written on the top of the circle. The students are then to label one section synonyms, one antonyms, and one personal meaning. The students then fill out the chart with the correct information.
Advantages:

Allows students to think of antonyms and synonyms of a word to maybe get a better understanding of the word.

Allows the student to come up with their own personal meaning of the word and how they interpenetrate the word.

Disadvantages:

Some students might struggle to find words that mean the same or the opposite.

Students might struggle to think of their own definition of the word.

ELL: Students could use technology to find the definition of the word and pictures of this word. They could also get help coming up with synonyms and antonyms.

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Description: A semantic map is used for organizing information. It allows the teacher to ask the students about ideas and then they soon begin to build onto their ideas. The students are able to take that one topic and break it into smaller more-detailed subtopics.
Advantages:

Helps below basic reader have a better understanding of topics.

Helps students categorize similar topics into appropriate topics.

Disadvantages:

Students can place subtopics in the wrong categories if they lack the knowledge of the meaning of the word.

Students can come up with unrelated subtopics from the main topic.

ELL: Allowing the students to work in groups, or allowing them to use pictures on the map next to the words so they know what the words are by using the visual.
Citation: http://www.readingrockets.org/article/connecting-word-meanings-through-semantic-mapping

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Description: An anticipation guide is a strategy that is used before reading. It is used to activate students' prior knowledge of the concept they are learning and to build curiosity about a new topic. Before reading a selection, students respond to several statements that support their preconceived ideas about key concepts in the text.
Advantages:

Activates the student's prior knowledge.

Builds curiosity about the new topic being learned before learning it.

Can be used for multiple areas of content. (science, math, social studies, reading)

Disadvantages:

Is only used before reading.

Some times students then just read to find the answers and not to find the understanding of the concept.

ELL: Anticipation guides can be completed orally, and with pictures to meet the needs of these students.
Citation: http://www.readingrockets.org/strategies/anticipation_guide

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Anticipation Guide | Classroom Strategy | Reading Rockets

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An anticipation guide is a comprehension strategy that is used before reading to activate students’ prior knowledge and build curiosity about a new topic. Before reading, students listen to or read several statements about key concepts presented in the text; they’re often structured as a series of s…