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13 - What is happening in the image on the opening page?

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13 - What is happening in the image on the opening page?

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The damage of the earthquake is just starting to set in and Christchurch is being destroyed.  It is an image showing what is happening during the earthquake.

The photo was just taken and the dust was still in the air from the broken down buildings.

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12 - How could the scientists compare the 2 earthquakes?

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12 - How could the scientists compare the 2 earthquakes?

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Scientists could compare the magnitude of the earthquake, the damage done, the ammount of deaths etc.

This question is in my book.

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11 - What do the diagrams on slide 5 show?

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11 - What do the diagrams on slide 5 show?

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The diagrams show what the trampoline layer is and what it does.  It sort of shows what happens during an earthquake the shaking as it is like a trampoline bouncing up and down
What three factors caused the intensity of the earthquakes?
Fault lines:  They were very solid/strong.
Speed:  The earthquake rupture was also thought to be faster than earthquake's of this magnitude.
The Trampoline Effect:  This affected the damage of the earthquake so much more because the top weaker layer lifts up and separates from the lower layer then falls back down onto the lower layer like when an object is being bounced on a trampoline.

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10 -  Which of the 2 earthquakes was worse 

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10 -  Which of the 2 earthquakes was worse 

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And why?
The 2nd earthquake was worse because the 1st earthquake had no deaths and 2 serious injuries and the 2nd earthquake had 185 deaths.  There was also alot more damage done.
What was the size difference between the 2 earthquakes?
0.8 of a magnitude 6.3 - 7.1
On the Richter Scale diagram, why are the levels coloured differently, do you think?
I think the levels are coloured differently as the lighter colours would mean a weaker earthquake and the darker colours would be a stronger earthquake.

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What are the images showing on slide 3?
They are showing what Liquefaction is and what it does.  They are also showing the before, during and after of an earthquake.
How is liquefaction caused?
It is caused by pressured water in the ground which escapes to the surface due to the shaking.
What is sediment?
A matter that settles to the bottom of a liquid.

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Nepal has been hit by two huge earthquakes, a 7.8 and a 7.3 on the Richter Scale. What are the different ways seismologists measure earthquakes and what do these ratings mean? Read More: Earthquake Facts and Statistics http://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eqarchives/year/eqstats.php How Earthquakes Work http://science.howstuffworks.com/nature/natural-disasters/earthquake6.htm The Modified Mercalli Intensity Scale http://earthquake.usgs.gov/learn/topics/mercalli.php "The effect of an earthquake on the Earth's surface is called the intensity.

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And how does it work?
A Ritcher Scale is a sort of chart that rates the size of an earthquake by measuring the energy that the earthquake produced. All the whole numbers on the scale are 10 times the number before it. Such as a level 7 earthquake which would be times the size of a level 6 earthquake and 100 times the size of a level 5 one which means an earthquake below level 3 usually won't be felt.

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What Caused The 2 Main Earthquakes?
The first 1 was caused by movement from fault lines along West of the city beneath the Canterbury Plains.
The 2nd earthquake was caused by...
Liquefaction caused more damage but the cause of the earthquake was from one fault line that did not break the surface where as the 2010  earthquake is said to have had movement from 5 fault lines.
What is Liquefaction?
Liquefaction is cracks in the ground from the shaking which causes water to come up from the water-filled sediment.
The earthquakes caused scientists to rethink their understanding of liquefaction.

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The main aim of the scientists is to research on earth processes such as landslides, earthquakes, floods and volcanic eruptions. They also have to understand the process.

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The topic sentence states that
The Christchurch earthquakes of 2010 and 2011 had terrible consequences for the city.

By studying the causes and impact of the earthquakes, scientists now understand more about the process involved.

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I know that it has affected Christchurch and people have been trying to rebuild it since the 2011 Christchurch earthquake disaster.

What do I think it will be about

I think it will be about earthquakes, the Christchurch earthquakes, how people have tried to fix it up and information on what an earthquake is.