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DEFINITION:-Tetracycline: Is a family of broad-spectrum antibiotics effective against a remarkably wide variety of organisms. Bacteria susceptible to tetracycline include H. flu (Haemophilus influenzae), Streptococcus pneumoniae, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Chlamydia trachomatis, and Neisseria gonorrhoeae (the cause of gonorrhea). Tetracycline is also used to treat nongonococcal urethritis (due to Ureaplasma), Rocky mountain spotted fever, typhus, chancroid, cholera, brucellosis, anthrax, and syphilis. It is used in combination with other medications to treat Helicobacter pylori, the bacteria associated with ulcers of the stomach and duodenum

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DEFINITION:-Tetracycline: Is a family of broad-spectrum antibiotics effective against a remarkably wide variety of organisms. Bacteria susceptible to tetracycline include H. flu (Haemophilus influenzae), Streptococcus pneumoniae, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Chlamydia trachomatis, and Neisseria gonorrhoeae (the cause of gonorrhea). Tetracycline is also used to treat nongonococcal urethritis (due to Ureaplasma), Rocky mountain spotted fever, typhus, chancroid, cholera, brucellosis, anthrax, and syphilis. It is used in combination with other medications to treat Helicobacter pylori, the bacteria associated with ulcers of the stomach and duodenum

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Therapeutic uses                                                                       To reduce the development of drug-resistant bacteria and maintain the effectiveness of tetracycline hydrochloride and other antibacterial drugs, tetracycline hydrochloride should be used only to treat or prevent infections that are proven or strongly suspected to be caused by susceptible bacteriaTetracycline is indicated in the treatment of infections caused by susceptible strains of the designated organisms in the conditions listed below:•	                                                           Upper respiratory tract infections caused by Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Hemophilus influenzae. Note: Tetracycline should not be used for streptococcal disease unless the organism has been demonstrated to be susceptible.	Lower respiratory tract infections caused by Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Mycoplasma pneumoniae (Klebsiella sp.)                          Skin and soft tissue infections caused by Streptococcus pyogenes, Staphylococcus aureaus. (Tetracyclines are not the drugs of choice in the treatment of any type of staphylococcal infections.)	                                               Infections caused by rickettsia including Rocky Mountain spotted fever, typhus group infections, Q fever, rickettsialpox.	Infections caused by Chlamydia trachomatis such as uncomplicated urethral, endocervical or rectal infections, inclusion conjunctivitis, trachoma, and lymphogranuloma venereum.                       	     Relapsing fever caused by Borrelia sp.•	Chancroid caused by Hemophilus ducreyi.	                          Plaque caused by Yersinia pestis.                             	Cholera caused by Vibrio cholerae.Brucellosis caused by Brucella species (tetracycline may be used in conjunction with an aminoglycoside).	                 Infections due to Campylobacter fetus.	                          As adjunctive therapy in intestinal amebiasis caused by Entamoeba histolytica..	                                           Urinary tract infections caused by susceptible strains of Escherichia coli, Klebsiella, etc.	                                    Other infections caused by susceptible gram-negative organisms such as E. coli, Enterobacter aerogenes, Shigella sp., Acinetobacter sp., Klebsiella sp., and Bacteroides sp. In severe acne, adjunctive therapy with tetracycline may be useful.When penicillin is contraindicated, tetracyclines are alternative drugs in the treatment of the following infections:        	syphilis and yaws caused by Treponema pallidum and pertenue, respectively.	                              infections caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae,	anthrax caused by Bacillus anthracis, infections due to Listeria monocytogenes,	actinomycosis caused by Actinomyces species, infections due to Clostridium 

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Therapeutic uses                                                                       To reduce the development of drug-resistant bacteria and maintain the effectiveness of tetracycline hydrochloride and other antibacterial drugs, tetracycline hydrochloride should be used only to treat or prevent infections that are proven or strongly suspected to be caused by susceptible bacteriaTetracycline is indicated in the treatment of infections caused by susceptible strains of the designated organisms in the conditions listed below:•	                                                           Upper respiratory tract infections caused by Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Hemophilus influenzae. Note: Tetracycline should not be used for streptococcal disease unless the organism has been demonstrated to be susceptible.	Lower respiratory tract infections caused by Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Mycoplasma pneumoniae (Klebsiella sp.)                          Skin and soft tissue infections caused by Streptococcus pyogenes, Staphylococcus aureaus. (Tetracyclines are not the drugs of choice in the treatment of any type of staphylococcal infections.)	                                               Infections caused by rickettsia including Rocky Mountain spotted fever, typhus group infections, Q fever, rickettsialpox.	Infections caused by Chlamydia trachomatis such as uncomplicated urethral, endocervical or rectal infections, inclusion conjunctivitis, trachoma, and lymphogranuloma venereum.                       	     Relapsing fever caused by Borrelia sp.•	Chancroid caused by Hemophilus ducreyi.	                          Plaque caused by Yersinia pestis.                             	Cholera caused by Vibrio cholerae.Brucellosis caused by Brucella species (tetracycline may be used in conjunction with an aminoglycoside).	                 Infections due to Campylobacter fetus.	                          As adjunctive therapy in intestinal amebiasis caused by Entamoeba histolytica..	                                           Urinary tract infections caused by susceptible strains of Escherichia coli, Klebsiella, etc.	                                    Other infections caused by susceptible gram-negative organisms such as E. coli, Enterobacter aerogenes, Shigella sp., Acinetobacter sp., Klebsiella sp., and Bacteroides sp. In severe acne, adjunctive therapy with tetracycline may be useful.When penicillin is contraindicated, tetracyclines are alternative drugs in the treatment of the following infections:        	syphilis and yaws caused by Treponema pallidum and pertenue, respectively.	                              infections caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae,	anthrax caused by Bacillus anthracis, infections due to Listeria monocytogenes,	actinomycosis caused by Actinomyces species, infections due to Clostridium 

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CONTRAINDICATIONS
Pediatric
Tetracyclines may cause permanent discoloration of teeth and slow down the growth of bones. These medicines should not be given to children 8 years of age and younger unless directed by the child's doctor.
Geriatric
There is no specific information comparing use of tetracyclines in the elderly with use in other age groups.
Pregnancy
Its use is not recommended during the last half of pregnancy. If tetracyclines are taken during that time, they may cause the unborn infant's teeth to become discolored and may slow down the growth of the infant's teeth and bones. In addition, liver problems may occur in pregnant women, especially those receiving high doses by injection into a vein.
Breast Feeding
Use is not recommended since tetracyclines pass into breast milk. They may cause the nursing baby's teeth to become discolored and may slow down the growth of the baby's teeth and bones. They may also increase the sensitivity of nursing babies' skin to sunlight and cause fungus infections of the mouth and vagina. In addition, minocycline may cause dizziness, light-headedness, or unsteadiness in nursing babies.
Interactions with Medicines
Although certain medicines should not be used together at all, in other cases two different medicines may be used together even if an interaction might occur.

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Dosing

The dose medicines in this class will be different for different patients. Follow your doctor's orders or the directions on the label. The following information includes only the average doses of these medicines.

demeclocycline

• For oral dosage form (tablets):

o For bacterial or protozoal infections:

 Adults and teenagers—150(mg) every six hours; or 300 mg every twelve hours.

 Children older than 8 years of age—Dose is based on body weight.

 Infants and children 8 years of age and younger—Tetracyclines usually are not used in young children because tetracyclines can permanently stain teeth.

doxycycline

• For oral dosage forms (capsules, suspension, and tablets):

o For bacterial or protozoal infections:

 Adults and children older than 8 years of age weighing more than 45 kg—100 (mg) every twelve hours the first day, then 100 mg once a day or 50 to 100 mg every twelve hours.

 Children older than 8 years of age who weigh 45 kg Dose is based on body weight. The usual dose is 2.2 mg per kg

 Infants and children 8 years of age and younger—Tetracyclines are usually not used in young children because tetracyclines can permanently stain teeth.

• For injection dosage form:

o For bacterial or protozoal infections:

 Adults and children older than 8 years of age the dose should be 200 mg injected slowly into a vein once a day; or 100 mg injected slowly into a vein every twelve hours the first day, then 100 to 200 mg injected slowly into a vein once a day or 50 to 100 mg injected slowly into a vein every twelve hours.

 .

 Infants and children 8 years of age and younger—Tetracyclines are usually not used.

minocycline

• For oral dosage forms (capsules and suspension):

o For bacterial or protozoal infections:

o In adults high dose is given followed by lower amount of dose ,in infants tetracyclines are not used.

• For injection dosage form:

o For bacterial or protozoal infections:

 Adults and teenagers—200 mg at first, then 100 mg injected slowly into a vein.

 In Childrens depends on body weight.

 Infants and children 8 years of age and younger—Tetracyclines are usually not used.

oxytetracycline

• For oral dosage form (capsules):

o For bacterial or protozoal infections:

 Adults and teenagers—250 to 500  (mg) every six hours.

• For injection dosage form:

o For bacterial or protozoal infections:

 Adults and teenagers in this drug first lower dse is given followed by larger dose comaparitively..

tetracycline

• For oral dosage forms (capsules and suspension):

o For bacterial or protozoal infections:

 Adults and teenagers—250 to 500 (mg) every six hours; or 500 mg to 1 gram every twelve hours. Gonorrhea is treated with 1.5 grams as the first dose, then 500 mg every six hours for four days.

 Children older than 8 years of age—Dose is based on body weight. The usual dose is 6.25 to 12.5 mg per kg.

 Infants and children 8 years of age and younger—Tetracyclines are usually not used in young children because tetracyclines can permanently stain on teeth.