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https://abcbirds.org/blog/do-hummingbirds-migrate/  https://hummingbirdbliss.com/can-hummingbirds-walk /https://hummingbirdbliss.com/hummingbird-adaptation-and-remarkable-ability-to-locate-food/ https://www.kaytee.com/learn-care/wild-bird/hummingbird-facts

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Hummingbirds have to make many different adaptations in order to thrive in their environment, hummingbirds aren't very particular when it comes to where they live. Hummingbirds like to build their nest in places as hot as Argentina and places as cold as southern Alaska.They are also fine with any elevation, from below sea level deserts to tropical forests at elevations of up to 16,000 feet in the Andes Mountains. The adaptations of hummingbirds can be as little as the size of their feet to the quality of their brain. I chose this topic because when i was looking for a topic to do, this one stood out because I think it is very interesting that the different body parts can help them adapt toward their environment using physical adaptations they have made.

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Some hummingbirds migrate to warmer climates when winter rolls around, but some remain put all year. In order to survive, some hummingbirds lower their body temperatures to as low as 33C for horse at a time. According to Anusha Shanker, hummingbirds have the highest metabolism for their size maintaining  a normal body temperature is draining for the birds. Instead,  the small animals can cool their internal temperature by 10-30C slowing their metabolism down by 95%. They call this state torpor, where the bird is unresponsive. But when morning comes, the birds quickly warm themselves back up again, like an extremely quick hibernation. This adaptation helps them to be able to stay in one place all year long.

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Hummingbirds also have an excellent memory, they can remember any feeding source they have used in the past. According to World of Hummingbirds, a hummingbird brain accounts for 4.2 percent of the 0.7 ounces that hummingbirds weigh. Compared to other birds, the hummingbird has the largest brain in proportion to the overall body size. They  can remember every flower & feeder they've been to, and how long it will take the flower to refill.

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Hummingbirds have no sense of smell, but can hear  much better than humans.

Hummingbirds are attracted to most bright and fluorescent colors, although red is mostly associated with hummingbirds. Hummingbirds can see in ultraviolet light, they can also see way farther than humans can. They cannot smell, so the bright colors of flowers help them locate food.

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Hummingbirds are known to not be able to walk because of the odd shape of their feet. Their feet shape only allows them to walk sideways or perch. They have very short legs compared to the small size of their body. Hummingbirds also have no knees, therefore not allowing them to walk forward, only sideways. The hummingbird’s foot consists of four total toes, three toes in the front and one single toe in the back, acting as the thumb. That single toe in the back is called the hallux,( the hallux is what they call the back toe) the hallux helps keep them steady when they perch.

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A hummingbird’s beak can vary from 8mm to 119mm, depending on the size of the bird. The bee hummingbird is the smallest hummingbird and has the smallest beak. The sword-billed hummingbird has the largest beak, documented to be larger than the rest of its body. The different sizes of the hummingbird beak helps them collect nectar, some beaks are flexible enough to open wide enough to allow it to catch small insects and bugs in mid-air. Hummingbirds cannot live offf of sweet nectar alone. Their protein is filled the rest of the way up by eating small insects like spiders and fruit flies.