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Anorexia (or anorexia nervosa) is a serious mental illness where people are of low weight due to limiting their energy intake. It can affect anyone of any age, gender, or background. As well as restricting the amount of food eaten, they may do lots of exercise to get rid of food eaten. Some people with anorexia may experience cycles of bingeing (eating large amounts of food at once) and then purging.

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I thought about food and calories all the time. I tried to avoid foods containing lots of fat or carbohydrates and only had ‘safe’ foods which I felt were okay to eat

I had a 'voice' in my head that shouted at me. It told me I was fat and worthless and that I was not allowed to eat because I did not deserve food. I thought I was in control of my eating but it got harder and harder to ignore the voice.

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Saying they have eaten earlier or will eat later, or that they have eaten more than they have

Strict dieting and avoiding food they think is fattening

Counting the calories in food excessively

Eating only low-calorie food, or otherwise limiting the type of food they will eat

Missing meals (fasting)

Hiding food

Cutting food into tiny pieces to make it less obvious they have eaten little or to make food easier to swallow

Eating very slowly

Taking appetite suppressants, such as slimming or diet pills

Obsessive and/or rigid behaviour, particularly around food

Excessive exercising – this might involve exercising when not physically well enough to do so, or feeling guilty or anxious about not exercising

Vomiting or misusing laxatives (purging)

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Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT)

Cognitive analytic therapy (CAT)

Interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT)

Focal psychodynamic therapy (FPT)

Family interventions focused on eating disorders

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Chronicles of Anorexia: The Girl, the Mirror and the Fridge | Harriet Manaker | TEDxYouth@ColumbiaSC

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Tengo experiencia realizando consulta y psicoterapia vía online desde hace más de 5 años y he atendido pacientes de diferentes lugares de Colombia y del exterior con los mismos resultados que presencial. Lo importante es que el usuario tenga conexión estable...

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Psicólogo profesional de la Universidad de Antioquia, magìster en Psicologìa de la Salud y psicoterapéuta EMDR certificado, actualmente residente en la ciudad de Pereira. Sus terapias psicológicas presentan un abordaje desde un modelo cognitivo, orientado a la salud...

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Los problemas de anorexia requieren atención médica y psicológica, porque la persona no solo está afectando su organismo con la falta de comida, sino que el origen de su trastorno alimenticio tiene una raíz psicológica que es necesario indagar y tratar. Este listado muestra 11 consultorios de anorexia en Pereira

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Here I will show you a page where they tell us how the therapy is going to be

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Treatment for anorexia usually involves a combination of talking therapy and supervised weight gain.
It's important to start treatment as early as possible to reduce the risk of serious complications, particularly if you've already lost a lot of weight.

Treatment for anorexia is slightly different for adults and those under 18 years old.

Treatment for adults

A number of different talking therapies are available to treat anorexia. The aim of these treatments is to help you understand the causes of your eating problems and feel more comfortable with food so you can begin to eat more and reach a healthy weight.

You may be offered any of the following types of talking therapy. If you feel one is not right for you or is not helping, you can talk to your doctors about trying a different kind of therapy.

Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT)

If you are offered CBT, it will usually involve weekly sessions for up to 40 weeks (9 to 10 months), and 2 sessions a week in the first 2 to 3 weeks.

CBT involves talking to a therapist who will work with you to create a personalised treatment plan.

They will help you to:

cope with your feelings

understand nutrition and the effects of starvation

make healthy food choices

They will ask you to practise these techniques on your own, measure your progress, and show you ways to manage difficult feelings and situations so you stick with your new eating habits.

Maudsley Anorexia Nervosa Treatment for Adults (MANTRA)

MANTRA involves talking to a therapist in order to understand what is causing your eating disorder. It focuses on what's important to you and helps you to change your behaviour when you are ready.

You can involve your family or carers if you think it would be helpful.

You should be offered 20 sessions. The first 10 should be weekly, with the next 10 scheduled to suit you.

Specialist supportive clinical management (SSCM)

SSCM involves talking to a therapist who will help you understand what is causing your eating disorder. You will learn about nutrition and how your eating habits cause your symptoms.

You should be offered 20 or more weekly sessions. Your therapist will set you a target weight and, over the course of the 20 weeks, will help you reach it.

Focal psychodynamic therapy

Focal psychodynamic therapy is usually offered if you do not feel any of the above therapies are right for you or if they do not work.

Focal psychodynamic therapy should include trying to understand how your eating habits are related to what you think, and to how you feel about yourself and other people in your life.

You should be offered weekly sessions for up to 40 weeks (9 to 10 months).

Diet advice

During your treatment you will probably be given advice on healthy eating and your diet. However, this advice alone will not help you recover from anorexia, so you will need to have talking therapy as well as dietary advice.

Your doctors will probably also advise you to take vitamin and mineral supplements so you get all the nutrients you need to be healthy.

Treatment for children and young people

Children and young people will usually be offered family therapy. You may also be offered CBT or adolescent-focused psychotherapy. CBT will be very similar to the CBT offered to adults.

Family therapy

Family therapy involves you and your family talking to a therapist, exploring how anorexia has affected you and how your family can support you to get better.

Your therapist will also help you find ways to manage difficult feelings and situations to stop you from relapsing into unhealthy eating habits once your therapy ends.

You can have the sessions together with your family or on your own with the therapist. Family therapy is sometimes offered in a group with other families.

You will usually be offered 18 to 20 sessions over a year, and your therapist will regularly check that the schedule is still working for you.

Adolescent-focused psychotherapy

Adolescent-focused psychotherapy will usually involve up to 40 sessions, and normally lasts between 12 and 18 months. You'll have sessions more often in the beginning to give you more support.

The therapist will help you:

cope with your fears about gaining weight

understand what you need to do to be healthy

understand the effect of under-eating

understand what is causing your anorexia and how to stop it

You can have the therapy alone or with your family.

Diet advice

If you have anorexia, you may not be getting all the vitamins and energy that your body needs to grow and develop properly, which is especially important as you reach puberty.

During your treatment, your doctor will give you advice about the best foods to eat to stay healthy. They will probably also advise you to take vitamin and mineral supplements.

They will also talk to your parents or carers about your diet so they can support you at home.

Bone health

Anorexia can make your bones weaker, which can make you more likely to develop a condition called osteoporosis. This is more likely if your weight has been low for a year or more in children and young people, or 2 years or more in adults.

Because of this, you doctors may suggest you have a bone-density scan to check the health of your bones.

Girls and women are more at risk of getting weak bones than men, so your doctor may prescribe you medicine to help protect your bones against osteoporosis.

Medicine

Antidepressants should not be offered as the only treatment for anorexia. But you may be offered an antidepressant, such as fluoxetine (Prozac), in combination with therapy, to help you manage other conditions such as:

Antidepressants are very rarely prescribed for children or young people under 18.

Where treatment will happen

Most people with anorexia will be able to stay at home during their treatment. You will usually have appointments at your clinic and then be able to go home.

However, you may be admitted to hospital if you have serious health complications. For example, if:

you are very underweight and still losing weight

you are very ill and your life is at risk

you are under 18 and your doctors believe you do not have enough support at home

doctors are worried that you might harm yourself or are at risk of suicide

Your doctors will keep a careful eye on your weight and health if you're being cared for in hospital. They will help you to reach a healthy weight gradually, and either start or continue any therapy.

Once they are happy with your weight, as well as your physical and mental health, you should be able to return home.

Compulsory treatment

Occasionally, someone with anorexia may refuse treatment even though they're seriously ill and their life is at risk.

In these cases, doctors may decide, as a last resort, to admit the person to hospital for compulsory treatment under the Mental Health Act. This is sometimes known as "sectioning" or "being sectioned".

Check-ups

It is important that you receive ongoing support after your treatment is finished.

You should have checks of your weight at least once a year, as well as of your mental and physical health. This will usually be done by your GP, but it may be with an eating disorder specialist.

Further support

There are many organisations that support people with anorexia and their families, including:

Joining a self-help support group, such as the Beat online support group for people with anorexia, may also be helpful.

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Treatment for anorexia usually involves a combination of talking therapy and supervised weight gain. It's important to start treatment as early as possible to reduce the risk of serious complications, particularly if you've already lost a lot of weight. Treatment for anorexia is slightly different for adults and those under 18 years old.