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I chose website because I like the ocean and want to improve ocean life. 

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I chose website because I like the ocean and want to improve ocean life. 

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Marine Engineering | SUNY Maritime College

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If you are fascinated by ships and the way they are powered and controlled, consider majoring in Marine Engineering.

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I chose this website because I want to know more about cosmetology and about the stuff I use.

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I chose this website because I want to know more about cosmetology and about the stuff I use.

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Every day, millions of people around the world look in the mirror, open their eyes wide, and brush mascara onto their lashes. For many of these people, picking up the tube and painting their lashes is an unconscious part of their daily routine.

But to a chemical engineer, mascara is anything but commonplace-it's carbon black and iron oxide, with a polymer to form a film that coats the lashes, combined with preservatives and thickening waxes such as lanolin, mineral oil, paraffin, petrolatum, castor oil, carnauba or candelilla wax. That's because, without chemical engineers, mascara wouldn't be the incredible product that it is today.

I wanted to create something that really made a difference in the user's quality of life.
Prashansa Desai, Senior Chemist, L'Oréal

Chemical engineers and chemists are responsible for the vast majority of products we use every day, from the paint on our walls, to the gas in our cars-to makeup and personal care products. Chemists and chemical engineers are important in the cosmetics and personal care industry, innovating the chemical formulations that make lipsticks last, mascaras waterproof, and lotions hydrating. And when cosmetics companies are looking for world-class chemists and chemical engineers for formulating cosmetics, they turn to Carnegie Mellon's Colloids, Polymers and Surfaces (CPS) program.

"Cosmetics are composed of many ingredients," says Annette Jacobson, teaching professor of chemical engineering and Director of the CPS program. "These ingredients include colloids, which are very fine particles such as pigments; polymers, which are large molecules that help disperse the pigment or provide important properties to the product; and surfaces, created at the interfaces between these fine particles and the liquids they are dispersed into. Colloids and polymers are combined in unique ways to create cosmetics, but if they don't spread and adhere properly to the intended surface-in this case, your face or skin-then they aren't worth very much at all."

Source: L'Oréal

This emphasis on understanding the surface or interfacial side of things is unique to Carnegie Mellon's CPS program, and the reason that many graduates find themselves with job opportunities at companies in the cosmetics and personal care industry. Prashansa Desai, who graduated from the program in 2014, now works on the Hair Care and Styling Team at L'Oréal, where she creates new and exciting products, investigates novel ingredients, and experiments in the lab to come up with innovative hair care and styling formulas, which she then tests on actual hair to evaluate its performance.

"I was always fascinated by the chemistry behind the products we use in our daily lives," says Prashansa. "So I started looking into the ingredients of the products I use, and studying their interactions at molecular level. And soon, I wanted to create something that really made a difference in the user's quality of life."

According to Prashansa, her time in the CPS program was an integral stepping stone that helped her get into the industry. Because of the program's balance of hands-on experimentation and theoretical study, she was able to spend a good fraction of her time in the lab, playing with the practical applications of the concepts she was learning in the classroom.

"For anyone hoping to build a future in the cosmetics industry," Prashansa says, "Though you can learn to formulate on the job, you must be sure to have your chemistry base clear and strong. Be passionate about creating new products, and develop an acute inquisitiveness. Start questioning everything you see. Take the research-oriented approach. And lastly, don't be frustrated by trial and error."

Graduates from the CPS Program have had internships and full-time employment at companies such as L'Oréal, Estee Lauder, Procter & Gamble, Reckitt Benckiser (Lysol), Johnson & Johnson, Merck and PPG.

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Every day, millions of people around the world look in the mirror, open their eyes wide, and brush mascara onto their lashes. For many of these people, picking up the tube and painting their lashes is an unconscious part of their daily routine.

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 I chose this website because I think chemistry is cool and I want to know more about chemical engineering

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 I chose this website because I think chemistry is cool and I want to know more about chemical engineering

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What is chemical engineering?

Chemical engineering involves the production and manufacturing of products through chemical processes. This includes designing equipment, systems, and processes for refining raw materials and for mixing, compounding, and processing chemicals.

Chemical engineers translate processes developed in the lab into practical applications for the commercial production of products, and then work to maintain and improve those processes. They rely on the main foundations of engineering: math, physics, and chemistry. Biology also plays an increasingly important role.

What do chemical engineers do?

Broadly, chemical engineers conceive and design processes involved in chemical manufacturing. The main role of chemical engineers is to design and troubleshoot processes for the production of chemicals, fuels, foods, pharmaceuticals, and biologicals, to name just a few. They are most often employed by large-scale manufacturing plants to maximize productivity and product quality while minimizing costs.

Chemical engineers affect the production of almost every article manufactured on an industrial scale. Some typical tasks include:

Ensuring compliance with health, safety, and environmental regulations

Conducting research into improved manufacturing processes

Designing and planning equipment layout

Incorporating safety procedures for working with dangerous chemicals

Monitoring and optimizing the performance of production processes

Estimating production costs

Chemical engineers who work in business and management offices often visit research and production facilities. Interaction with other people and team collaboration are critical to the success of projects involving chemical engineering.

Chemical engineers typically work in manufacturing plants, research laboratories, or pilot plant facilities. They work around large-scale production equipment that is housed both indoors and outdoors. Accordingly, they are often required to wear personal protective equipment (e.g., hard hats, goggles, and steel-toe shoes).

Where is chemical engineering used?

Chemical engineering is most often found in large-scale manufacturing plants, where the goal is to maximize productivity and product quality while minimizing costs. The aerospace, automotive, biomedical, electronic, environmental, medical, and military industries use chemical engineering to develop and improve their technical products, such as:

Ultrastrong fibers, fabrics, and adhesives for vehicles

Biocompatible materials for implants and prosthetics

Films for optoelectronic devices

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Chemical Engineering - American Chemical Society

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Chemical engineering involves the production and manufacturing of products through chemical processes. This includes designing equipment, systems, and processes for refining raw materials and for mixing, compounding, and processing chemicals. Chemical engineers translate processes developed in the lab into practical applications for the commercial production of products, and then work to maintain and improve those processes.

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I chose this website because I use electricity every day in my life and I want to know more about electricity.

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I chose this website because I use electricity every day in my life and I want to know more about electricity.

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Learn to integrate advanced concepts in the field with cutting-edge research in the areas of radar, RF/microwave and low-power circuit design, medical imaging, image/signal processing, biomedical devices, and modern control. Gain comprehensive knowledge and proficiency in advanced mathematics and stochastic processes; linear systems and digital communications; computer architecture and system design; and parallel computing, networks, and integrated circuit designs.

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I chose this website because Civil engineers is something I never heard about so I want to know what they do.

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I chose this website because Civil engineers is something I never heard about so I want to know what they do.

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Summary

Video transcript available at https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-XIQSrYi0O0.

Quick Facts: Civil Engineers
2022 Median Pay

$89,940 per year
$43.24 per hour

Civil engineers plan, design, and supervise the construction and maintenance of building and infrastructure projects.

Civil engineers work in a variety of locations and conditions, commonly splitting their time between an office setting and construction sites. Most civil engineers work full time, and some work more than 40 hours per week.

Civil engineers typically need a bachelor's degree in civil engineering or a related field to enter the occupation. They typically need a state-issued license if they provide services directly to the public.

The median annual wage for civil engineers was $89,940 in May 2022.

Employment of civil engineers is projected to grow 5 percent from 2022 to 2032, faster than the average for all occupations.

About 21,200 openings for civil engineers are projected each year, on average, over the decade. Many of those openings are expected to result from the need to replace workers who transfer to different occupations or exit the labor force, such as to retire.

Explore resources for employment and wages by state and area for civil engineers.

Compare the job duties, education, job growth, and pay of civil engineers with similar occupations.

Learn more about civil engineers by visiting additional resources, including O*NET, a source on key characteristics of workers and occupations.

Civil engineers plan, design, and supervise the construction and maintenance of building and infrastructure projects. These projects may include facilities, bridges, roads, tunnels, and water and sewage systems.

Duties

Civil engineers typically do the following:

Analyze plans, survey reports, maps, and other data related to project design

Consider regulations, site selection, and other factors relevant to a project

Analyze the results of tests on soil and building materials to determine strength for foundations and other support

Prepare cost estimates for equipment, materials, and labor to determine a project's economic feasibility

Use design software to plan transportation systems, hydraulic systems, and structures

Submit permit applications to local, state, and federal agencies, as needed, and confirm that projects comply with regulations

Perform or oversee surveying to establish building locations, site layouts, grades, and elevations to guide construction

Manage the construction or repair, maintenance, and replacement of buildings and infrastructure

Civil engineers work in all aspects of planning, designing, and constructing or repairing a building or infrastructure project to ensure that structures and systems are assembled correctly. Depending on the job, civil engineers may be involved in a project from start to finish or for certain stages of it.

Civil engineers' responsibilities during the planning stage may include researching specific topics, such as building codes for a construction proposal or traffic patterns near an intended site. They also may conduct analyses, such as for estimating availability and costs of concrete and other building materials, to determine a project's timeline and feasibility.

During design and preconstruction stages, civil engineers may focus on specific elements such as site layout, grading (shaping) the land, and identifying appropriate stormwater and sewage systems for the project. Engineers use computer-aided design (CAD) software to create detailed project plans and may make presentations related to the final design, such as about its environmental impact. They often review project documents and secure required permits before work may begin.

Civil engineers also oversee the building of structures or systems throughout a project's construction, and they help with signoff and other postconstruction activities. They ensure that work complies with safety regulations and adheres to design specifications, helping to resolve problems that may arise. At the conclusion of a project, they may finalize billing, inspection, and other completion details.

Civil engineers may collaborate on projects with other workers, such as architects, construction managers, and urban planners. They may be assisted by civil engineering technicians.

Civil engineers often work as generalists on a variety of projects, gaining skills in different areas that are widely applicable. Some specialize in one of several areas. The following are examples of types of civil engineers:

Construction engineers manage construction projects, ensuring that they are scheduled and built according to plans and specifications. They typically are responsible for the design and safety of any temporary structures used during construction. They also may oversee a project's budget and communications.

Geotechnical engineers ensure the safety and sturdiness of foundations for streets, buildings, and other structures and systems. They focus on how these manmade objects interact with the earth, including soil and rock. In this way, their work relates to that of environmental engineers.

Structural engineers design and assess major projects, such as buildings, bridges, and dams, to ensure their strength and durability.

Transportation engineers plan, design, and maintain streets and highways, airports, mass transit systems, harbors, and related systems.

Civil engineers held about 326,300 jobs in 2022. The largest employers of civil engineers were as follows:

Engineering services

48%

State government, excluding education and hospitals

12

Local government, excluding education and hospitals

10

Nonresidential building construction

6

Federal government, excluding postal service

3

Civil engineers work in a variety of locations and conditions, including indoors in office settings and outdoors at construction sites. Some construction jobs require setting up a temporary office, such as in a trailer, to work onsite.

Work Schedules

Most civil engineers work full time, and some work more than 40 hours per week. Engineers who direct projects sometimes work extra hours to ensure that designs meet requirements and that the projects are on track to meet deadlines.

Civil engineers typically need a bachelor's degree in civil engineering or a related field. Although licensure requirements vary by state, civil engineers usually must be licensed if they provide services directly to the public.

Education

Civil engineers typically need a bachelor's degree in civil engineering or a related field. Civil engineering programs include coursework in math, physics, engineering mechanics, and construction systems. Courses may include a mix of academic learning and laboratory work.

Employers usually prefer to hire graduates of civil engineering programs accredited by ABET. Some students attend schools that have cooperative-education programs (also known as co-ops); others participate in internships. Co-ops and internships provide students with an opportunity to gain practical experience while pursuing a degree.

Licenses, Certifications, and Registrations

Licensure is not required for entry-level civil engineers. However, civil engineers typically must be licensed if they provide services directly to the public. Engineers who have a Professional Engineer (PE) license are called professional engineers (PEs).

A PE may oversee the work of other engineers, approve design plans, sign off on projects, and provide services directly to the public. State licensure generally requires a bachelor's or higher degree from an ABET-accredited engineering program, a passing score on the Fundamentals of Engineering (FE) exam, several years of relevant work experience, and a passing score on the PE exam.

Each state issues its own licenses. Most states recognize licensure from other states, as long as the licensing state's requirements meet or exceed their own licensure requirements. Some states require continuing education for engineers to keep their licenses.

Certifications, such as in coastal engineering or geotechnical engineering from the American Society of Civil Engineers, also are available. Optional certification may demonstrate a level of competence and experience that make candidates attractive to prospective employers.

Advancement

With experience, some PEs advance to supervisory or administrative positions. Their responsibilities may focus on a specific project, such as a construction site, or encompass broad oversight, such as in working as a city engineer, public works director, or city manager.

Graduate-level education, along with a PE license and experience, may be helpful for advancing into supervisory positions, such as engineering managers.

PEs who have certification that demonstrates expertise in a civil engineering specialty also may be able to advance into senior technical or managerial positions.

Important Qualities

Communication skills. Civil engineers must be able to explain, both orally and in writing, the details of their projects. They may need to convey information to a variety of audiences, including nontechnical ones.

Decision-making skills. Civil engineers must be able to balance a variety of objectives, such as the feasibility of plans against cost and safety.

Interpersonal skills. Civil engineers often manage projects and the teams that work on them. They must be able to lead urban planners, surveyors, civil engineering technicians, and others.

Math skills. Civil engineers use calculus, trigonometry, and other mathematics for analysis, design, and troubleshooting.

Organizational skills. Civil engineers often oversee several projects at the same time and must be able to allocate resources effectively.

Problem-solving skills. Civil engineers may encounter problems during each stage of their work. They must be able to evaluate issues that arise and troubleshoot to find solutions.

Median annual wages, May 2022

The median annual wage for civil engineers was $89,940 in May 2022. The median wage is the wage at which half the workers in an occupation earned more than that amount and half earned less. The lowest 10 percent earned less than $61,040, and the highest 10 percent earned more than $138,690.

In May 2022, the median annual wages for civil engineers in the top industries in which they worked were as follows:

Federal government, excluding postal service

$103,170

Local government, excluding education and hospitals

101,460

State government, excluding education and hospitals

87,010

Engineering services

86,440

Nonresidential building construction

78,420

Most civil engineers work full time, and some work more than 40 hours per week. Engineers who direct projects sometimes work extra hours to ensure that designs meet requirements and that projects are on track to meet deadlines.

Employment of civil engineers is projected to grow 5 percent from 2022 to 2032, faster than the average for all occupations.

About 21,200 openings for civil engineers are projected each year, on average, over the decade. Many of those openings are expected to result from the need to replace workers who transfer to different occupations or exit the labor force, such as to retire.

Employment

With continued investment in U.S. infrastructure, civil engineers will be needed to manage projects that meet society's need for upgrading bridges, roads, water systems, buildings, and other structures.

Civil engineers also will be needed to oversee renewable-energy projects, such as construction of wind farms and solar arrays, as these projects gain approval.

Public projects may depend on funding from state and local governments. Employment of civil engineers may fluctuate with the availability of project funds.

Occupational Title

SOC Code

Employment, 2022

Projected Employment, 2032

Change, 2022-32

Employment by Industry

Percent

Numeric

Civil engineers

17-2051

326,300

342,500

5

16,200
Get data

Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics (OEWS)

The Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics (OEWS) program produces employment and wage estimates annually for over 800 occupations. These estimates are available for the nation as a whole, for individual states, and for metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas. The link(s) below go to OEWS data maps for employment and wages by state and area.

Projections Central

Occupational employment projections are developed for all states by Labor Market Information (LMI) or individual state Employment Projections offices. All state projections data are available at www.projectionscentral.org. Information on this site allows projected employment growth for an occupation to be compared among states or to be compared within one state. In addition, states may produce projections for areas; there are links to each state's websites where these data may be retrieved.

CareerOneStop

CareerOneStop includes hundreds of occupational profiles with data available by state and metro area. There are links in the left-hand side menu to compare occupational employment by state and occupational wages by local area or metro area. There is also a salary info tool to search for wages by zip code.

For information about general engineering education and career resources, visit

American Society for Engineering Education (ASEE)

Technology Student Association (TSA)

For more information about licensure, visit

National Council of Examiners for Engineering and Surveying (NCEES)

National Society of Professional Engineers (NSPE)

For information about accredited programs in civil engineering and civil engineering technology, visit
ABET
For more information about civil engineers, visit

American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE)

Occupational Requirements Survey

For a profile highlighting selected BLS data on occupational requirements, see

Civil engineers (PDF)

CareerOneStop

For a career video on civil engineers, visit
Civil Engineers
O*NET
Civil Engineers Transportation Engineers Water/Wastewater Engineers

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Civil engineers plan, design, and supervise the construction and maintenance of building and infrastructure projects.