# data[].attributes.body
1937 July

Japan invades china conquered Beijing and Nanjing

Effect: Tens of thousands raped and killed Civilians, including children, women, and the elderly, were murdered. Widespread rape of female civilians took place, their ages ranging from infants to the elderly, and one third of the city was destroyed by arson. Rape victims were murdered afterward.

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1939 September

The Nazis invade Poland using Blitzkrieg

Effect:

France and Britain declare war on Germany WWII beings

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1939 September

Britain, France declare war on Germany but Poland falls quickly

Effect: the rapid fall of Poland led to a period of "Phoney War" in Britain and France

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1939 October

The soviets capture Poland

Effect: the division of Polish territory between the Soviet Union and Nazi Germany

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March 1940

German Invasion of Denmark and Norway (Operation Weserübung)

Effect: The Allies attempt to intervene but are unsuccessful, leading to the establishment of a stronger German presence in Northern Europe.

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1940 April

Germany invade Denmark and Norway

Effect: the strategic occupation of Scandinavia allows Germany to secure vital resources, including iron ore.

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1940 June

France surrenders to Germany

Effect: Germany occupies much of France; Britain stands alone against Axis powers

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August 1940

Battle of Britain

Effect: This was the first major military setback for Nazi Germany and a key turning point in the war.

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July 10 - October 31, 1940

Germany plans to invade Britain—begins air attacks

Effect: Germany's Luftwaffe fails to defeat Britain's Royal Air Force, marking the first major defeat for Hitler's forces

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May 1941

Battle of the Atlantic and the Sinking of the Bismarck

Effect: It demonstrated the resilience of the British Navy and boosted Allied morale in the ongoing struggle for control of the Atlantic.

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1941 June

operation Barbarossa - Germany invades the Soviet union

Effect: the largest military invasion in history opens up Eastern Front, dramatically expanding the war in Europe

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1941 July

Japan took French Indochina→ Vietnam, Cambodia, Laos

Effect: In response, the U.S. cut off oil shipments to Japan, which ultimately pushed Japan to attack Pearl Harbor and other US and British targets

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1941 September

The Battle of Leningrad

Effect: there was massive widespread of starvation, disease, and the deaths

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1941 October

the Battle of Moscow

Effect: there was a major turning point because the German advance stalled, and the Soviet counter-offensive forced the German armies back, marking the first major defeat for the Wehrmacht in WWII.

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1941 December

Japan attacks Pearl Harbor: "a date which will live in infamy"

Effects: President Roosevelt declared war on Japan, marking the formal entry of the United States into World War II.

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1942 February

Japan took Singapore

Effect: The loss of Singapore was a major blow to British prestige and power, not only in the Asian-Pacific region but globally.

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1942 March,

Japan took Dutch East Indies

Effect: The Japanese interned Dutch civilians and allied prisoners of war, many of whom died in camps or from harsh conditions.

# data[].attributes.location_name
Midway Atoll, United States Minor Outlying Islands

# data[].attributes.headline
Midway Atoll, United States Minor Outlying Islands

# data[].attributes.subject
Midway Atoll, United States Minor Outlying Islands

# data[].attributes.body
1942, 4-7 June

Battle of Midway—U.S. destroyed Japan's naval fleet, Japan retreated

Effects: crippled the Japanese navy, halted their expansion in the Pacific, and shifted the balance of power in the war, allowing the US to take the offensive

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1942 August

The battle of Stalingrad

Effect: The battle resulted in the near-total annihilation of the German Sixth Army, a significant blow to the Wehrmacht and a major setback for the Axis powers

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1942 May

Japan took Burma

Effect: The invasion and occupation led to a large-scale exodus of people, including Indian, Anglo-Indian, and British communities, fleeing to India.

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1942 May

Battle of the Coral Sea—Americans stop Japanese advance

Effects: The damage to the Japanese carriers and the subsequent halt in the Japanese advance allowed the Allies to prepare for the Battle of Midway.

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1942 June

Axis forces captured Tobruk,(Libya)

under the leadership of Erwin Rommel (German General nicknamed The Desert Fox)

Effect: a significant Allied defeat, leading to the capture of 35,000 troops and a major blow to British morale, while also allowing the Axis forces to advance towards Egypt and the Suez Canal.

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August 1942-February

Battle of Guadalcanal U.S. fought to destroy Japanese air base

Effects: Guadalcanal allowed the Allies to seize the strategic initiative in the Pacific theater, setting the stage for future offensives against Japan.

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1942 November

British General Bernard Montgomery stopped the Axis advance at the Battle of

El Alamein (Egypt)

Effects: The battle, fought in October-November 1942, stopped the Axis forces, led by General Erwin Rommel, from advancing further into Egypt and potentially capturing the Suez Canal, a vital strategic waterway

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1944 June (D-Day)

Allied invasion of Normandy (operation overlord)

Effect: the beginning of the liberation of western Europe from Nazi control, with significant Allied forces landing on the beaches of Normandy, France

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1944 September

Allies had liberated France, Belgium, and Luxembourg (invasion of Germany could begin)

Effects: In Belgium, active Resistance Groups guided Allied troops, prevented destruction by fleeing Germans, and hunted down collaborators, contributing to the rapid liberation, and also In 1944, along with Belgium and the Netherlands, Luxembourg signed the Benelux Agreement, a forerunner of greater European integration and cooperation.

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1944 October

Battle of Leyte Gulf

Effects: The battle effectively destroyed the Japanese navy which allowed the Allies to successfully invade Leyte Island and reconquest of the Philippines.

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1944 December

The Battle of Bulge (Germans last offensive)

Effects:The Battle of the Bulge is considered a turning point in the war in Europe, as it demonstrated the Allied forces' ability to withstand and defeat the German military

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1945 April

Hitler commits suicide

Effects: the occupying Allies divided Germany into four zones, which led to the start of the Cold War

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1945 ,2nd of May

Berlin falls

Effects: The effect the battle was major Casualties and destruction which led to bombing raids caused immense destruction and casualties, both military and civilian, and which led to the Nuremberg Trials and the occupation of Germany by the Allied powers.

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1945, 8th of May

Germany officially surrenders (V-E Day, victory in Europe)

Effects: The four main Allied powers divided the country into four zones. The news of Germany's surrender led to the people to celebrate worldwide

# data[].attributes.location_name
Iwo Jima, Iōjima, Ogasawara, Tokyo, Japan

# data[].attributes.headline
Iwo Jima, Iōjima, Ogasawara, Tokyo, Japan

# data[].attributes.subject
Iwo Jima, Iōjima, Ogasawara, Tokyo, Japan

# data[].attributes.body
1945 June

American forces captured Iwo Jima

Effects: The battle also highlighted the determination and resilience of the Japanese defenders, and this Battle was also costly in terms of American lives, with over 6,800 Marines killed and 19,200 wounded.

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1945 June

American troops then took Okinawa (Japan suffered huge casualties

Effects: The battle was one of the bloodiest in the Pacificalso resulted in the deaths of an estimated 40,000 to 150,000 Okinawan civilians, many of whom were killed or committed suicide during the fighting.

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1945 August, 6

U.S dropped the atomic bomb (nicknamed "Little Boy") on Hiroshima

Effects: the atomic bomb instantly killing tens of thousands and destroying much of the city. even after that Japan, however, vowed to fight to the bitter end in the Pacific.

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1945 August, 9

U.S dropped the atomic bomb on Nagasaki (nicknamed "Fat Man")

Effects: The bombing of Nagasaki, along with the earlier bombing of Hiroshima which led Japan's decision to surrender to the Allies on August 15, 1945. After Japan surrendered the news spread quickly, and “Victory in Japan” or "V-J Day" celebrations broke out across the United States and other Allied nations.